...Group Dynamics The purpose of this assignment is to reflect upon an event that occurred within the Problem Based Learning (PBL) group. I will therefore, aim to discuss theories on group work as well as whether any of these theories actually applied to my own personal experience. By doing this will enable me to identify how effective my role may possibly have been within the group, furthermore, how I may be able to improve my individual skills for the future. In order to be able to do this successfully I am required to use the Gibbs Reflective Cycle (1988). The group that I was a part of consisted of six people, all of whom were from a mix of three different pathways, these included nursing, social workers and occupational therapists. The aim of which, was that we should learn to interact inter-professionally as part of a team. Therefore, the scenario that I plan to focus my assignment around was an incident that occurred at the end of the first five weeks, when we were deemed able to present our findings as a group on our first trigger. Consequently, it was decided that we would each present our respective areas of research in relation to the trigger, showing that all aspects had been covered. Therefore, each member of the group had a chosen topic to find out information on, and to prepare it ready for presentation. When we first started as a group for this module, a leader was chosen, as a result we as a group had decided that if anyone were unable to make it in...
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...their designated sections, however, with the exception of Mike, the only member who is deeply troubled by his course, job, and lovelife problems. Now, `Christine is being troubled on how the group overall mark could be raised without having the group’s contribution as a whole considering the fact that Mike could help a lot, and that the activity is accounted for as a group and not individually. 1 . How could an understanding of the stages of group development assist Christine in leadership situations such as this one ? Christine’s knowledge of the stages of group development would aid her in dealing with group conflicts entailing leadership. On her case, she has no problem on the first stage of mutual acceptance( or forming stage in Bruce Tuckman) because she knows how to adapt to different kind of persons, as well as with the other members, as evidenced by the first impressions of each personality. Christine is now having trouble with the latter stages-decision-making process, motivation and commitment,control and sanctions stage (norming, storming, performing,adjourning stage). Since she already knew the weak stages, she could focus better on the...
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...started showing up late on a continuous basis, we should have addressed the conflict head-on instead of holding it in and allowing it to fester (Lencioni, 2002). Now that most of us have attempted to do the same thing and were written up for it, it has changed the temperament of the team. I’m pissed off because I was late once and was made to believe that I was the one responsible for the team’s demise. All the good work that I’ve done went out the window in comparison to taking my time getting to work. The work in the group is mediocre. No has any faith in anyone’s opinion and we’re barely meeting deadlines without management having to intervene to resolve major conflicts. I just want out and re-assigned to another section. The Bruce Tuckman model depicted groups in two dimensions, interpersonal relationships and task activity. He created a four-stage model that each group had positively surpass each phase in order to be able to function efficiently as a...
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...member must respect each other and follow through with assigned tasks to strengthen trust within the group. If communication and trust break down within a team, the team will not progress and will cease to function. Having strong communication will help ensure that a team is successful. Trust between team members is essential to keep communication lines open. Each team member has a responsibility to respect and be honest with the entire group. Having a contract in place that defines responsibilities and goals will help clarify goals and expectations which the team has collaborated on together. By so doing, the team as a whole will be able to communicate clearly, productivity will be high, and their ability to reach their end goals is strong. Bruce Wayne Tuckerman, born in 1938, has carried out research into the theory of group dynamics. In 1965, he published one of his theories called “Tuckermans’ Stages.” The stages are forming, storming, norming, and performing. Within the business setting, the shift from yesterday’s “singular” culture to today’s “team” culture has brought about a new era of learning, development, and innovation. However, this shift has also brought with it a certain...
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...Describe The Main Development Stages of Community Groups. In relation to the main development stages of community groups, we looked at the ‘Forming-Storming-Norming-Performing-Adjourning’ model devised by Bruce Tuckman, in 1965 (‘Adjourning Stage’ was added in 1977). “Tuckman maintained that these phases are necessary and inevitable for the team to grow, to face up to challenges, to tackle problems, to find solutions, to plan work, and to deliver results”. Forming (Formation Stage) – In which the group is just coming together, often characterised by uncertainty. At this stage, individuals are gathering information and impressions – about each other, and about the scope of the task and how to approach it. There is great reliance on the leader (Community Development Practitioner) for guidance and direction. Storming (Dissatisfaction Stage) – In which differences between members surface and minor confrontations take place. Cliques and factions form and there may be power struggles – an uncomfortable stage! A challenging phase for the Community Development Worker who must help the group focus on its goals and resolve conflict and any trust issues effectively – compromise may be required to enable progress. Norming (Resolution Stage) – In which the tasks of the group are clear and agreed – all members feel part of a team, take responsibility and have ambition to help achieve perceived goals. There is better understanding between group members and mutual respect for one another’s...
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...GE347 Group dynamics are important to achieving a set of goals set forth by a group of individuals. Groups follow a course of cohesion and function. Research has been done to understand group dynamics. One of the most accepted models is that of Bruce Tuckman. His research shows groups follow a set path of Forming, Storming, Norming and Performing. The movie Apollo 13 gives several examples of Tuckman’s model. In this essay we will follow Jim Lovell and his steps in group dynamics through out the movie. When the movie begins you can see that there is a barbeque going on at Jim Lovell’s house. You could draw the conclusion that Jim has worked with the others before at some point. This is where the forming begins Jim invites other astronauts over to watch the first landing on the moon. All of these men have a common goal, which is going to the moon. This is also Jim’s interpersonal need to be around others who want to go to the moon as well. The next phase is the storming phase. We know that people don’t always get along in groups. One great example of this is when Jim, Fred and Ken are in the simulator running case scenarios. They are done with the last case scenario in the simulator Jim and Fred are ready to go home. Ken tells them that he wants to run it again. Jim and Fred think that they should go home and rest that they will have time another day to practice to get it perfect. Because of Jims individual goal, getting to the moon he gives into Ken’s request to do the...
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...Group Counseling COU 6350 Faulkner University In my research on Forming, Storming, Norming and Performing, I discovered that the phrase of Forming, Storming, Norming, and Performing was coined in 1965 by psychologist Bruce Tuckman. He described that most teams follow a consistent path from the point when they are first assembled to the time when they become a highly proficient highly effective group. This path leads them through four stages; Forming, Storming, Norming, and Performing. The Forming stage begins when new group members are brought together. You might have some members that are apprehensive, talkative, some are very positive and polite some might be a little anxious, and excited. Whatever each group member possesses they bring to the table. The group members are unaware of what lies ahead. This stage is usually short compared to the other stages. The Storming stages are when each group member is explained what is expected, and what the goals are. Processes and structures are put in effect. Now the group may be filling frustrated and overwhelmed by the participation they must have. They realities and challenges that are ahead are setting in. The may become stressed with how much they must accomplish and they are unsure about their participation that is required with an unfamiliar leader and new group members. They realize that they don’t know each other and they began to form opinions of one another. The may be seeking the approval of the group leader or...
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...working together and the benefits that it brings to the company, they are more likely to embrace group efforts and collaborative approaches to problem solving. This paper will examine the best practices and behaviors that support effective team interactions. Health care leaders are tasked with gathering and uniting individuals into a cohesive, high functioning unit able to solve complex problems. Great teams do not happen by chance, they are developed through training and time invested. However, each team is unique, and vary in size, scope and objectives. Regardless of their specific tasks, or settings, effective teams are guided by basic principles that can be not only measured, but also analyzed, learned and replicated. In 1965, Bruce Tuckman introduced Tuckman’s model for group process. This model outlines the six steps necessary for developing an effective team. The steps that comprise this model are informing, forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. The informing stage the teams views each other as stranger. In many groups, “forming” is the stage when some members express their desire not to stay in the group as members. Others may express their ambivalence about becoming part of the group and, if given the opportunity to dropout, may leave. (Seck, 2014) The norming stage is where...
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...ABA 1 Unit 6 Discussion Chaining is a specific sequence of discrete responses, each associated with a particular stimulus condition. Each discrete response and the associated stimulus condition serve as an individual component of the chain (Cooper). A completion of one specific behavior in the chain leads to the next specific action in the chain. All steps have to be completed correctly in order to move forward and gain mastery of the behavior. • Define target behavior • Reinforce successive elements of the chain • Monitor the results Shaping is the process of systematically and differentially reinforcing successive approximations to a terminal behavior (Cooper). Shaping helps the person get closer to mastery by providing reinforcements along...
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...Tuckman’s model: states team formation take time and often go through recognisable stages as they change from being collections of strangers to becoming united groups with common goals. Tuckman’s forming, norming, storming and performing model described these stages. Forming: a. Members are positive and polite. b. Some are anxious as they have not fully understood what work to do. c. Others are simply excited about the task ahead. Storming: a. People start to push against the boundaries established in the forming stage. b. Many people fail here. Norming: a. People resolve their differences here. b. Socialize together and ask each other for help and provide constructive feedback. Performing: a. Goals are achieved without friction. Team workers: are those who provide support and make sure that people within the team are working. Resources investigators: explore available options, develop contacts and negotiate for resources on behalf of the teams. Plant: are the creative innovators who come up with new ideas and approaches. Specialist: are the experts. They have the specialised knowledge which is needed to get the job done. Implementer: get things done. Completers: see that projects are thoroughly completed. Belbin’s theory identified nine team roles and he categorised those roles into three groups: 1. Action oriented 2. People orientated 3. Thought orientated, each team role is associated with typical behavioural and interpersonal strength. Action orientated roles: a. Shapers...
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...Many projects in a workplace may be too large for one individual to handle, or complete to a high standard against the time frame targeted. Organisations employ teams into their structure to distribute tasks to all members to ensure achievable workload. Teams are a group of people with a variety of skills who all work together to serve a focused purpose but need varied inputs to achieve overall tasks. Further defined, “a team is a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performance goals and approach for which they are mutually accountable” (SMITH,J. 1993. Teams and leadership (8th November 2011). An organization benefits from this array of minds, skills, views, tactical approaches and problem solving from a team oppose to one individual carrying out the task. A team helps productivity of the tasks completion and improves time taken to complete task aims because individuals have manageable workload. A team caries out tasks that contribute to the organisation overall purpose and aims, therefor leadership is needed to be implemented in order for the teams direction and output to be accurate towards the organisation, of standard and completed in time frame needed. “ Leadership is the art to influencing and directing people in such a way that will win their obedience, confidence, respect and loyal cooperation in achieving common objectives” JOHNSON, M. 2003 Business Dictionary (8th November 2011). Leadership is carried out by a leader...
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...Noor rahman In this essay I will be discussing the various stages a group of individuals may go through when becoming a team and how conflict can be evident and overcome during the process. Teams go through stages of development. The most known structure for a team’s stages of development was developed by Bruce W. Tuckman. The four stages he described: forming, storming, norming and performing are a helpful structure for recognising a team’s behavioural patterns. Stage 1: forming This is the stage in which the group gets together the team will get to know its goals, directions roles etc., during this stage100 the team members are usually exited to be part of the team at the same time they could feel anxious about if they will fit into the team and where there performance can take them. Bruce W. Tuckman described this stage as; “Groups initially concern themselves with orientation accomplished primarily through testing. Such testing serves to identify the boundaries of both interpersonal and task behaviours.” Stage 2: storming The team will start to move towards its goals, however during this stage disagreements about goals, expectations, roles and responsibilities will be openly expressed. This could then lead to a conflict as members may express frustration about constraints that slow the teams progress, this will lead to further arguments and the team could become critical of the teams original mission or goals. During this process conflict will be evident. The...
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...Build, support and manage a team The role of a team in the achievement of a specific project or activity is very important. A team that has different skills in different areas will work well together and will make a project successful. A quote from Belbin with regards to a team was ‘A team is not a bunch of people with job titles, but a congregation of individuals, each of whom has a role which is understood by other members. Members of a team seek out certain roles and they perform most effectively in the ones that are most natural to them.’ Dr. R. M. Belbin. This demonstrates the importance of having different skills within the team. It is often required that the team member have to work on their own initiative in areas where they are ‘experts’ which places the responsibility on them to manage their own day to day work and report back as appropriate. I was recently involved in building a team for a community firework display event that was taking place in the school and was involved in selecting people to be involved in the project. The first task that was carried out was deciding on the objectives of the event. These included: * The safe and smooth running of the event * Marketing of the event to the local community * Marketing to potential stallholders * Collection of money for pre-paid tickets and tickets being sold on the night of the event There were skills and needs identified that team members would need to have to be able to work...
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...2016 FRM Exam Study Guide ® The designation recognized by risk management professionals worldwide 2016 Financial Risk Manager (FRM®) Exam Study Guide TOPIC OUTLINE, READINGS, able to deal with them effectively. As TEST WEIGHTINGS such, the Exams are comprehensive in The Study Guide sets forth primary nature, testing a candidate on a number topics and subtopics covered in the FRM of risk management concepts and Exam Part I and Part II. The topics were approaches. selected by the FRM Committee as ones that risk managers who work in practice today have to master. The topics and READINGS Questions for the FRM Exams are related their respective weightings are reviewed to and supported by the readings listed yearly to ensure the Exams are timely under each topic outline. These readings and relevant. The study Guide also were selected by the FRM Committee contains a full listing of all the readings to assist candidates in their review of that are recommended as preparation the subjects covered by the Exams. It is for the FRM Exam Part I and Part II. strongly suggested that candidates review Key concepts (knowledge points) these readings in depth prior to sitting for appear as bullet points at the beginning each exam. All of the readings listed in the of each section and are intended to help FRM Study guide are available through candidates identify the major themes GARP. Further...
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...variety to the group and provided us with a different set of ideas compared to if we carried out the project on our own. Dr. R. Meredith Belbin details these roles in his Team Roles Theory (Belbin, 1981). The first is the discussion of balanced teams, a team which consists of people with the same strengths and weaknesses will overall suffer from the same weakness and will have the same strengths. It is therefore advantageous to put a mix of people together that can benefit from learning from other people. For example, in our group we found that some of the members of the group were not particularly strong speakers whilst others were, this mix allowed us to help each other improve on that aspect of our group presentation. We also found that sometimes the roles detailed in Belbin’s theory were not necessarily exclusive as some people characterised more than one of the traits. Those who were Action oriented, tended to exhibit all of the characteristics of the Shaper/Implementer/Completer Finisher. The same was true of those who were People Oriented and Thought Oriented. It could be argued that as a manager, someone who has traits of all the Action/People/Thought oriented classifications may be the best manager as a manager has to be able to deal with all kinds of people. After all, the job of a manager is to manage people. Tuckman’s Group Development Model (Tuckman, 1965) can also be applied to the semantics of our group. Having not all worked together previously, the first stage was...
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