...The arms race that started between the United States and the USSR following the end of World War II metamorphosed into a space race that effectively started with the launch of Sputnik in 1957 and ended in 1972 with the cancellation of the Apollo Project at NASA. The launch of Sputnik shocked the United States out of its post-WWII false sense of scientific superiority. American pride and a sense of national security required that the United States not lose the new great frontier regardless of the cost. At the peak of the Space Race, the United States was spending over four percent of the national budget on the effort, exceeding the amount spent on housing and community development. No one questions the impressive achievements of the space program,...
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...for continuing the Space Program change, before and after the moon landing? Motives for continuing the Space Program has changed over the past 50 years since the Space Race. How has the federal spending affected the Space Program? What are we spending on? The federal spending has increased, but in recent years NASA has suffered budget cuts. How does technology play a role in the continuation of the Space Program? Does it impact civilian life? The technology used plays an impacting role on space exploration as well as advancements in civilian life. Does the changes in the Space Program impact the job market? Is there a difference between then and now? The Space Program is a huge team of people involved in various areas and has different amounts of need for certain areas. The Space Program has had different factors of motivation. Motives for continuing the Space Program has completely changed over the past 50 years. In 1955, the Space Race began and was a factor of motivation. The U.S was so deeply involved and had the goal of being successful (Griffin). They were eager to put long hours full of hard work to achieve their goal. The race against the Soviets lasted until 1972 (Leone). A seventeen year race was enough motivation for the kickstart of NASA. It allowed for exploration like no other. After the Space Race, motivation to continue the program was different (When we left Earth). Motivation for the Space Program came in different forms after the race. The U.S felt as if...
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...Nicholas Brzosko Mr. Dormer Modern U.S 12 March 2015 The United States and Soviet Union Space Race Different ideals discriminated the two super powers. Ideals that are the antithesis of one another created an oscillating spectrum, ranging from inhibiting to creating a pandemic. The launch of the Sputnik by the USSR exacerbated the tension in the U.S. Terrified of the new gauged potential; the Americans entered the space race. The launch of the sputnik was the inception of the space race. The race was hard to adapt to, and fluctuations of power and tactics created obstacles. However progression of the race sparked a desire to develop new technology resulting in monumental events, such as the launch of the Sputnik and Laika the dog. These...
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...The Space Race changed history and captivated scientific exploration in the world. It began after World War II in the mid-20th century during the Cold war. The battle was between two great powers in the world, United States and the Soviet Union. During the late 1950s, the competition between the two arose because they wanted to prove which one of them is more capable and superior in technology (military and political-economic system). The Soviet Union launched the first earth satellite Sputnik 1 officially in 1957. After a while, the USSR sent Sputnik 2 which carried a dog named Laika, and it was the first spacecraft to carry animal as it made them the first country who sent a living creature in a spaceship. The U.S. was afraid of communism during the Cold War, as Russia got other people thinking that they might send out nuclear weapons that will somehow destroy the U.S., due to the fact that they sent out Sputnik and the first man into space....
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...occurred during the space race and why they were important to mankind and what did they meant for the future of people traveling to space. When did the main event occurred in space and why was it important for the U.S. The three most important achievements in the Space Race are that the Russians were the first to launch a satellite to orbit. The second most important achievement was that Yuri Gagarin was the first human to travel to space. The third most important achievement that happened during the was that Laika was the first animal to go into space. The Russians were the first to launch a satellite to space before the Americans could. For example," The Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first manmade object to orbit the earth and the Russians had launched the first satellite to space and it was important because it was the first satellite to orbit earth " (www.history.com). What the evidence is stating is that because the Russian were the first to launch a satellite in space they had an advantage over the Americans in the Space Race and they had taken the lead in space race because the American leader did not want to launch one until the Russians had already launched their satellite in space....
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...American identities as the period known as the Space Race. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, commonly referred to as simply NASA, became a symbol of the very essence of what America stood for. This unique event in American history, that occurred from 1957 to 1975, had most Americans looking to the skies. Given the historical importance and the extreme national pride that this time period still evokes, it is unsurprising that Hollywood has devoted time and resources to developing many movies involving this theme. Hidden Figures produced in 2016 and The Right Stuff in 1983 are movies that strongly show how the Space Race affected the American people. Although the two movies encompass much...
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...competition between American and the Soviet Union space race and brought all nations closer together. During World War II, missiles were used for mass destruction in enemy territory. Military technology was improved over time, therefore, missiles became bigger and powerful. The United States and the Soviet Union created some of the most powerful missiles in the war. After the war, the...
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...| Greg Van Lieu HIST101-1502B-02 Professor Gleason May 25, 2015 THE SPACE RACE During the cold war a competition between the United States and Russia started as each country competed in seeing who would make it to space first. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was formed, it replaces the National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics (NACA) in October 1, 1958. On September 12, 1962 the race was defined by President John F Kennedy’s speech at Rice University and thus “The Space Race” had begun. In that speech, John F Kennedy stated “We choose to go to the moon. We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard.” JFK RICE MOON SPEECH. (n.d.). The space race ignited America’s competitive spirit. The space race between the two world powers changed humanity with breaking the limits of new technology in space travel and catapulted the United States to evolve into the world leader by landing a human on the moon. On October 4 of 1957, the space race began between two of the most powerful countries when Russian launched an unmanned rocket called Sputnik 1 into orbit. “The launch of Sputnik 1 had a "Pearl Harbor" effect on American public opinion.” Launius, R. (n.d.). Then Russia, a month later, launched Sputnik 2 which included a small dog named Laika. The U.S. tried to catch up by launching two satellites. One of the satellites failed to reach orbit, however one of satellite...
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...The Space Race was a competition between the Soviet Union and the United States for supremacy in space exploration from 1957-1975 . The Cold War rivalry between the two nations focused on being firsts in space exploration to show a sign of superiority. The Space Race involved launching satellites, suborbital and orbital human spaceflight around the Earth, and manned flights to the Moon. It first began with the Soviet Union’s launch of the Sputnik 1 satellite on October 4. 1957, and ended with the Apollo-Soyuz human spaceflight mission in July 1975. The Apollo-Soyuz project symbolized an easing in the relationship between the Soviet Union and the US. The Space Race was originally a missile-based arms race that occurred just after the end of the World War 2. The Space Race all began in Germany during the beginning of the 1930s and continued during World War II when Germany researched and built ballistic missiles. Starting in the early 1930s, German aerospace engineers experimented with liquid-fueled rockets hoping they would be capable of reaching high altitudes and going long distances. The head of the German Army's Ballistics Branch, Lieutenant Colonel Karl Emil Becker, created a team of engineers to figure out how to use rockets as long-range artillery in order to get around the Treaty of Versailles' ban on research and development of long-range cannons. At the end of the war, American, British, and Soviet scientific intelligence teams competed to capture Germany's rocket engineers...
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...While President Kennedy may not have appealed to every American as a beneficial leader to the nation, shown by the assassination, he provided for the nations in a variety of aspects that led to a successful presidency. Kennedy managed to make great strides in advancements in civil rights, the space race, and banning of nuclear weapons. In all these situations he used his presidency to his advantages and made wise choices that would benefit the citizens of America. At the time his presidency began, civil rights issues were continuing to be a major issue. Kennedy made sure to keep this as one of his main focuses throughout his time as president to ensure a change be made for the African Americans. While Kennedy did have to remain cautious with certain aspects of civil rights, in order to continually appeal to both the African Americans and the whites, he did several things in order to integrate them into society. Kennedy assisted in African Americans integrating themselves into...
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...committed to tackling various aspects of direct and indirect racial discrimination with the incentive of promoting 'equality of opportunity' and remedying other social disadvantages suffered by black minority communities in British society’ (Solomos 1989:2). Equality of opportunity in this sense is associated to the concept of racial equality, which can simply refer to ‘social equality for peoples of all races’ (Crenshaw 1988). In spite of this however, there remain deeply entrenched processes of discrimination resistant to legal and political interventions throughout society (Solomos 1993). This essay will discuss the claim ‘there ain’t no Black in the Union Jack’ in relation to these processes of discrimination which have encouraged the mis representation and exclusion of Black people within British society. The first part of the essay will outline the meaning of race and racism in the 21st century. It will then go on to discuss processes of exclusion, which are reinforced by the media and politicians representation of black migrants and the existence of so called ‘White spaces’. These exclusions of black people can be seen to prevent them from identifying as British thus excluding them from being part of ‘the Union Jack’. Whilst the concept of racism has been restricted by the notion of ‘colour’ as it has concealed the full range of ways in which racism has operated in Britain, including against Jews, Gypsies and the Irish (Jewesbury 2008), throughout this essay the term will...
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...trained by the United States to overthrow Castro. Sadly, the Cubans were outnumbered by Castro's troops and quickly surrendered. So, how could it have worked, well, sending the Cuban troops as well as some American troops would be an equal balance in the Cubans knowing the land and the Americans knowing better fighting techniques. Also, sending more troops to outnumber Castro's troops would be a good decision as well. The Space Race The space race was a space related competition between the United States and the Soviet Union during the cold war. While the United States and the Soviet Union were battling for nuclear supremacy, they were also engaging in a "space race" lasting through the 50's, 60's, and 70's. Many people believe that the United States was the first in space race to accomplish going into space, but this however is not the case. In fact, the Soviet Union was the first to Launch a satellite (Sputnik 1) and a man (Yuri Gagarin) into space. Besides that, the United states had their share of accomplishments as well. One was the United States space program...
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...HIST101-1304B-10 Modern American History 1950 to the 21st Century The Space Race The Space Race began on October 4, 1957 when the Soviet Union launched a satellite into space named Sputnik. This satellite began its journey attached to a Soviet intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). Sputnik was the first piece of man made equipment ever sent into orbit around the Earth. The launch of Sputnik showed the United States that they were behind the power curve when it came to exploring space. The other thing that the Sputnik launched showed the United States was the power and range of the Soviet’s R-7 ICBM. It seemed that the Soviet Union was capable of delivering nuclear warheads to U.S. soil. This encouraged the U.S. military to take a particularly hard look into the weapon advancements that the Soviets were making. By 1958 the United States launched its own satellite into space, known as Explorer I. It was designed by the U.S. Army and over watched by a rocket scientist, Wernher von Braun. In 1958 President Eisenhower created the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, or more commonly known as NASA. In addition to signing the public order which created NASA, President Eisenhower also signed two more orders that would ensure the United States would not fall behind in gathering intelligence via space again. The first was used by the U.S. Air Force, which focused on using space for military operations. The second named Corona was a collaboration with the CIA, U.S...
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...theory. Kepler mathematics (laws of planetary motion) and his expertise in optics (inventing an improved version of the refracting telescope (Keplerian Telescope) and gave credit to Galileo for his telescopic discoveries) to support the Heliocentric model. The Heliocentric model was accepted as the structure of the Solar System because of the work of these ancient scientists and the work of those that came after them. In the mid-to-late 20th century supremacy in space exploration between the Soviet Union and United States began. This is now known as the “Space Race”. During this tense time known as the “Cold War” both the Soviet Union and the United States felt that being first in space exploration was necessary for national security and a symbol of their superiority. The Space Race let to the launching of artificial satellites and the race to put a manned spacecraft on the moon. On July 20, 1969 the United States landed the first humans on the moon. This accomplishment effectively ended the Space Race. The Space Race resulted in increased spending in research and education; resulting in great scientific advancements and...
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...Ryan Einspahr HIST101 Individual Project 4/13/2015 The Space Race After World War II the two most powerful nations began a battle between each other known as the Cold War. According to History.com Staff (2010) “The two nations, The United States, and the Communist Soviet Union sought to prove superiority over one another through technology, its military firepower and - by extension - its political-economic system.” The Space Race lasted from the late 1950’s through the early ‘70’s with both countries making giant leaps into the realms of space we had yet to explore and discover. According to History.com Staff (2010) “On October 4, 1957, a Soviet R-7 intercontinental ballistic missile launched Sputnik (Russian for “traveler”), the world’s first artificial satellite and the first man-made object to be placed into the Earth’s orbit.” Sputnik scared most Americans, with most people thinking that Russia could see our every move and potentially use a nuclear weapon from space against us. Although these were reasonable ideas the Sputnik satellite was nothing more than a harmless silver ball with a blinking light on it. This was truly the beginning of the Space Race. The United States knew it was losing ground on the Soviets and had to even up the score fast, and Explorer-I was the answer for the United States. According to Ludwig, George H. (April 1959) “Explorer-I, officially known as Satellite 1958 Alpha, was the first United States earth satellite and was sent aloft as...
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