...the exploration across the world and a rivalry for power , the balance of power within Europe was constantly shifting throughout the Age of Exploration, which...
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...through history generation after generation. This being the Age of Exploration, occurring during the early 1400’s through the middle 1750’s. There were several causes of the Age of Exploration which in turn produced both positive and negative effects of the colonization of the New World. The initial driving forces of this age were trade, religion, and land claims. These motives eventually created issues of cruel treatment of natives and foreign slaves and financial difficulties. Nevertheless, many positive effects tooks place such as introduction of new products, colonization, and economical advancements. The motives and effects of the Age of Exploration and expansion to the New World between the 1400’s and 1700’s definitely made a significant impact to our various modern ways of life....
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...The Age of Exploration A Resource to Accompany History Alive! The United States Through Industrialism Brings Learning Alive! Teachers’ Curriculum Institute 1 Introduction I n this reading, you will learn about the Age of Exploration. This period of discovery lasted from about 1418 to 1620. During this time, European explorers made many daring voyages that changed world history. A major reason for these voyages was the desire to find sea routes to east Asia, which Europeans called the Indies. When Christopher Columbus sailed west across the Atlantic Ocean, he was looking for such a route. Instead, he landed in the Americas. Columbus thought he had reached the Indies. In time, Europeans would realize that he had found what they called the ”New World.” European nations soon rushed to claim lands in the Americas for themselves. Early explorers often suffered terrible hardships. In 1520, Ferdinand Magellan set out with three ships to cross the Pacific Ocean from South America. He had guessed, correctly, that the Indies lay on the other side of the Pacific. But Magellan had no idea how vast the ocean really was. He thought his crew would be sailing for a few weeks at most. Instead, the crossing took three months. While the ships were still at sea, the crew ran out of food. One sailor wrote about this terrible time. “We ate biscuit… swarming with worms…. We drank yellow water that had been putrid [rotten] for days... and often we ate sawdust from boards.” Why did explorers...
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...Paul Johnson and Howard Zinn are both famous historians; however, they have different viewpoints on early American history. Paul Johnson, a right-wing activist, was born in England. Concerning early American history, Johnson strongly believes that colonization brought by Christopher Columbus was beneficial and vital for the economic, social, and political development of America. Howard Zinn, a left-wing activist, was born in New York City. Zinn believes that Columbus is not the hero that most people think. Zinn believes that the mass slaughter of Indians and colonization that Columbus brought greatly harmed America and the local Indians. My opinion is similar to Paul Johnson’s because I believe that Columbus’s voyage and discovery of America brought various positive impacts and helped shape the America today. Paul Johnson is convinced that Columbus’s voyage to America is the greatest of allhuman adventures. As a right-wing activist, Johnson supports the leaders of thegovernment and affluent...
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...North American Civilization HIS / 115 September 4, 2011 Some theories indicate the first settlers of the Americas took place in North America in Alaska. Asian hunters are thought to have traveled over the Bering Strait during a glacial period somewhere between 35,000 B.C.E. and 10,000 years later. The Asian people, referred to as Native Americans, did not realize their discovery of a new world. The early North American men and women were nomadic hunters and gatherers. As the further migration continued south an agricultural lifestyle formed. The European colonization of the Americas is thought to have been established by explorers and fishermen at a much later date. The blend of diversity was apparent as the migration of the Americas grew and strong developed societies were established. Although Native American descendants merely followed their survival instincts, they had discovered an abundant new world. The nomadic hunters tracked animals across the frozen land bridge and crossed into a new continent. The migration continued south along the west coast. “Over a span of 25,000 years settlement spread down the Alaskan coast, then deeper into the North American mainland, and finally throughout Central and South America.” (Davidson, 2006, p. 11). The original survival lifestyle...
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...Reasons why Europe Colonized Asia and Africa and not the Other Way Round Student’s Name: Institutional affiliation: Colonization is the governing influence, control or acquiring partial or full political control past another country, occupying it with foreign settlers and manipulating it economically. It also is when a group or society of people migrates from one area to another but keep their original homeland language and culture. Colonialism is establishment and preservation for a lengthy period, of rule over foreign people that are independent from and subordinate to a power ruling. Colonialism takes a variety of forms. There are three basic variations namely; I. Internal colonialism II. External colonization by the neighboring states. III. External colonization This refers to the so called ‘salt and water’ colonization whereby ‘aliens colonized distant places (Keal, 2003). This characterizes Europe’s expansion to America, Africa, Asia and the Pacific. The first wave of European colonization and exploitation started in America in the 15th century until early in the 19th century (Tmh, 2010). It primarily involved the colonization of the Americans by the Europeans. The second extensive phase of European exploratory ventures and colonization was primarily focused on Asia and Africa. It was also known as the era of new imperialism. History of Colonialism in Africa and Asia by the Europeans Between the historical...
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...The purpose of this paper is to Describe how European global exploration, particularly the Portuguese and Spanish, from 1500-1700, changed the character of both old and new societies. In the fifteenth century, European global expansionism was the driving force that kept the English motivated to expand. Europeans set out on a cycle of overseas voyages that would lead to the organization of European trading posts and colonies in both the Americas and the East. Colonialism is defined as a structure in a colony with a specific linkage; meaning economic, political, cultural, and social ideologies. The colonies linked England to the United States. England, being the mother country, also had a very important role play. The mother country was responsible for providing money for supplies for voyages such as ships, food, soldiers, and weapons etc. Also, England was responsible for the processing and manufacturing of raw materials. Settlers of the colonies needed markets to sell their goods and labor. They also needed a source of labor for the production of raw materials. This new labor force was made up of Native Americans, indentured servants (white slaves who served terms of up to seven years as slaves), and Africans. Columbus and his crew stated that when they arrived in the Americas they found Africans already there. In 1502, the Spanish were the first Europeans to enslave Africans in the Americas. Yet the local population died from European diseases like smallpox...
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...In the early 1600s powerful countries like England, France, and Spain were trying to colonize the New World. The English started to colonize many locations along the east coast of America, in present day Virginia and Massachusetts. Two of the most known colonizations were Jamestown and the Massachusetts Bay Colony, both early settlements of England. Although these colonies had major differences and similarities, they were both successful early settlements of the New World. In the early years of exploration in the New World, Spain seemed to dominate the competition in part to the voyages of Christopher Columbus. This would all change in the early 1600s. With the failed colony of Roanoke in the past, King James I of England was set to colonize...
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...European Colonization of the Americas European Colonization of the Americas As students, many individuals are taught of the history and details regarding the discovery and colonization of the American continent. References to European explorers are often provided, stressing that the discoveries and connection between the American continent and the rest of the world were as a direct result of European expansion and ingenuity. Based on investigations completed that detail the previous inhabitation and identification of the American continent by people outside of the East, this is found to be inaccurate. In the following paragraphs, details concerning the colonization of the American continent will be provided. Details regarding the cultures of the continent’s inhabitants prior to the arrival of the European explorers will be included, providing the reader with a baseline by which to compare the continent’s change after the colonization. Additionally, details regarding the motivation of European countries are presented. Information regarding the Spanish and English motivations are provided as well, providing a detailed insight into the specific governments driving the expansion and exploration. North American Cultures Prior to the arrival of the European colonists on the American continents, people had already inhabited the continent for more...
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...European exploration and settlement of Africa was originally limited to the coast. The internal Africa was harder to access for Europeans because of many reasons such as, rough terrain, hostile natives, and disease risks. As the the technological advancements improved and industrialism took over, European advancements in communication, transportation, and medicines to treat malaria allowed Europeans to access parts of Africa they hadn’t to been able to colonize previously. The first representative of European countries in Africa were majorly missionaries interested in assisting to the pagan tribes. Their first priority was to stop the slave trade that had caused damage previously. The portuguese were the first Europeans to initiate permanent settlements along...
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...factor in staying in compliance with the Church. By using the expansion of Christianity as an excuse to colonize the New World, the European powers gained immense power. Also, many expeditions were carried out in pursuit of gaining power, fame, and glory, reflecting upon feudalistic themes. Lastly and most importantly, what served as the basis for the expeditions into the New World was the potential of gaining large profits through colonization...
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...Frontier in Science Fiction Just as, early American settlers viewed land West of the Mississippi as, ‘free land as far as the eye can see’, early science fiction writers created a Mars that was ‘ripe for the taking’ in their many stories of colonization. The Frontier Myth is from the idea that early settlers viewed uninhabited land as free to whoever wants it, a first come, first served mentality attached with unlimited opportunity. Well, as my dear father told me long ago, nothing in life is free. Of course the Frontier Myth doesn’t account for who or what was there before the ones doing the taking. Therein lies the problem. Or for many early science fiction writers- a great story idea. Fuelled by real scientific observation, starting with Italian astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli and his 1877 “discovery” of canals on the planet Mars (which later was rejected as part of the natural landscape by better technology) to the 1960’s and 1970’s NASA programs Mariner and Viking. Specifically because of the real science behind Mars exploration, authors like; Philip K. Dick, Martian Time-Slip, Greg Bear, Moving Mars, and Kim Stanley Robinson with Red Mars, all explored very scientific, but humanistic stories with themes of the political, economical and social effects of colonization on Mars. One interesting aspect of Mars literature is the use of environmental similarities of globalization here on Earth as a reflection in the colonization of Mars stories. In her article, “Martian...
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...Textbook Assignments **All of the material below is on the digital history (see course home page) **You will be tested on all of this material on the respective quizzes Native Americans (Read this for quiz 1) “ The First Americans” (Not a link…go to the assigned website) European Society (Read this for quiz 1) Colonial Era/Exploration and Discovery The Significance of 1492 European Commercial and Financial Expansion Slavery and Spanish Colonization The Meaning of America The Black Legend Colonial Era/17th Century (Read below for quiz 1) European Colonization North of Mexico Spanish Colonization English Settlement Colonial Era/17 century (Read below for quiz 2) English Colonization Begins Life in Early Virginia Slavery Takes Root in Colonial Virginia Founding New England The Puritans The Puritan Idea of the Covenant Regional Contrasts Dimensions of Change in Colonial New England The Salem Witch Scare Slavery in the Colonial North Struggles for Power in Colonial America Diversity in Colonial America The Middle Colonies: New York Fear of Slave Revolts The Middle Colonies: William Penn’s Holy Commonwealth The Southernmost Colonies: The Carolinas and Georgia Colonial Administration (Read below for quiz 2) No readings th Road to Revolution (Read for quiz 3) Colonial America/18th Century The The The The The The Emergence of New Ideas about Personal Liberties and Constitutional Rights Great Awakening Seven Years’ War Rise of Antislavery Sentiment Fate of Native Americans Road to Revolution...
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...understand the impact of exploration on European and native societies. 2. TWL know the roles of key individuals and their impact during exploration. 3. TLW understand the location of European settlements in the New World. 4. TLW apply reading comprehension strategies to social studies. Skills: 1. TLW demonstrate map skills. 2. TLW demonstrate collaboration skills. 3. TLW demonstrate reading skills. 4. TLW demonstrate comprehension skills. 5. TLW demonstrate writing skills. 3. Applicable Tennessee Standards: * Explain the cultures of the Western Hemisphere’s native peoples prior to European contact. * Pre-Colonial Native American groups. * Determine how various groups resolve conflict. * Identify Native American groups in Tennessee and the Western Hemisphere before European expansion. * Reasons for European exploration and settlement. * Understand how to use maps, globes, and other geographic representations, tools, and techniques to acquire, process, and report information from a spatial perspective. * Identify routes of explorers of the Americas. * Identify cultural groups who inhabited North America in the 17th century. * Reasons settlements are founded on major river systems. * Read and interpret facts from a historical passage about an early American Spanish mission. * Describe the immediate and long-term impact of Columbus’s voyages on native populations and on colonization in the Americas. ...
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...COMPARING AND CONTRASTING THE SPANISH EXPLORATION FROM THE ENGLISH EXPLORATION Sean Kazmierski HIEU 201 6 December 2015 Introduction Evidence of the earliest travel by European explorers into the ‘new world’ can be traced back to 1000AD. It began with the Vikings sailing from their native land in the British Isles to Greenland where they created a colony. Later, they left Greenland for North America where they saw virgin land with exotic plants, animal species, and indigenous people[1]. The Vikings returned home with stories about the marvels of the places they had visited, but their home authorities lacked the will power or the resources to make a follow-up on these explorations. As a result, European states continued to make commerce across the Mediterranean Sea with North Africa for many years that followed. Research has shown that the methods and motivations of exploration were unique from one state to the other. As Europeans continued their explorations, we will examine the similarities and differences on how the Spanish (1492-1548) and English (1584-1648) conducted their exploration and expansion. Comparison Between the British and Spanish in North America The first Spanish to arrive in America was Hernan Cortes in 1519. He did the groundwork for the creation of the Spanish colony. In 1607, Christopher Newport set foot in what would later become Jamestown, laying the foundation of the British Empire in North America...
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