...Introduction During the second half of the twentieth century, tourism industries become an integral part of the country economy growth. One of the earliest tourism was mass tourism; this kind of tourism did not take fully ‘sustainability’ into account. After several years, most of the countries realised that they are facing problems and issues associated with tourism industry (by the tourist and tourism entrepreneurs) either on the country’s economics, social and environment i.e. impacts that can be positive and negative. Due to this, new form of tourism emerged – sustainable tourism, as an alternative to the classic mass tourism. Concepts of Sustainability Tourism: Ecotourism After 1960, sustainability has become a commonly used term, however, the definition of term or concepts of ‘sustainable’ is ambiguous. This is due to the lack of guidelines, and some countries and researchers’ theories have different perspectives and interpretations. The notion that tourism could be “sustainable” is part of the dialogue on sustainable development. The WT0-OMT defines sustainable tourism as “sustainable tourism development meets the needs of present tourists and host regions while protection and enhancing opportunities for the future. It is envisaged as leading to management of all resources in such a way that economic, social and aesthetic needs can be fulfilled while maintaining cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity and life support systems”....
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...An essay on ecotourism Ecotourism Essay Ecotourism involves responsible traveling to fragile, pristine and mostly protected areas. This takes place for different purposes, from educating the traveler, fostering respect for different cultures to directly benefiting the economic and political empowerment of local communities (Garana, 2008). Ideally, ecotourism incorporates the following criteria; promote biological and cultural diversity, touring unspoiled natural habitats, and the main attractions being local culture, flora and fauna. In short, ecotourism operations are defined by their commitment to the environment, education, nature and culture. The main objectives of ecotourism are providing nature-based, environmental education experiences for visitors and managing this in a sustainable manner (Badan & Bhatt, 2005). Education enables students to understand the interconnectedness of various aspects of the global environment. Ecotourism embraces cooperative education which is a structured educational strategy that integrates class work with learning through productive fieldwork experiences that for practical applications to be realized. The relationship between ecotourism and education is majorly concerned with ensuring that agencies deliver effective interpretations of cultural, environmental and resource management values (Morgan, 1999). This type of education involves explanation, stimulation, provocation, revelation and understanding in an interesting and enjoyable fashion...
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...Ecotourism Essay Ecotourism involves responsible traveling to fragile, pristine and mostly protected areas. This takes place for different purposes, from educating the traveler, fostering respect for different cultures to directly benefiting the economic and political empowerment of local communities (Garana, 2008). Ideally, ecotourism incorporates the following criteria; promote biological and cultural diversity, touring unspoiled natural habitats, and the main attractions being local culture, flora and fauna. In short, ecotourism operations are defined by their commitment to the environment, education, nature and culture. The main objectives of ecotourism are providing nature-based, environmental education experiences for visitors and managing this in a sustainable manner (Badan & Bhatt, 2005). Education enables students to understand the interconnectedness of various aspects of the global environment. Ecotourism embraces cooperative education which is a structured educational strategy that integrates class work with learning through productive fieldwork experiences that for practical applications to be realized. The relationship between ecotourism and education is majorly concerned with ensuring that agencies deliver effective interpretations of cultural, environmental and resource management values (Morgan, 1999). This type of education involves explanation, stimulation, provocation, revelation and understanding in an interesting and enjoyable fashion. The main challenge...
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...“Not In Anyone’s Backyard” – A case analysis of Cape Wind Offshore Energy Project Introduction First proposed in 2001 as America’s first offshore wind farm, the Cape Wind offshore energy project was projected to provide three quarters of the electrical needs of the Massachusetts Cape and Islands. Yet, only on April 28th 2013 did United States Interior Secretary Ken Salazar announce federal approval of the Cape Wind project. But what was the cause for this delay? The harnessing of wind power is neither a new idea, as the use of windmills began in the 9th century in Iran (Guardian, 2008), nor a particularly new technology, as windmills were first used for the generation of electrical power in Glasgow, Scotland in 1887. In this paper I intend to analyze the various challenges faced by the Cape Wind Energy Project in its 12 year push for approval. On May 9th, 2013, the Earth reached a milestone of sorts. For the first time in an estimated 3 million years, the carbon dioxide (CO2) reached an average daily concentration level of about 400 parts per million (ppm). For some perspective, while CO2 levels have fluctuated from 180ppm to 280ppm, “the last time CO2 levels reached 400 ppm was at least 3 million years ago, a much warmer world where sea levels were 60-80 feet higher” (Levy, 2013). As carbon dioxide is recognized as the primary green house gas emitted through human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels, there is little doubt in assigning responsibility for...
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...CHAPTER I The Problem and its Settings Introduction The term ecotourism was unknown in the English language as recently as the mid-1980’s. Yet, by the beginning of the 21st century, this form of recreational activity, which essentially involves the observation an appreciation of wildlife and other aspects of the natural environment while minimizing the related ecological or sociocultural costs, had emerged as a major component of global tourism and an important focus for academics in the field of tourism studies. Many stakeholders, however, while enthusiastically embracing the concept of ecotourism as defined above, still do not really understand what it means: what activities qualify, who participates, where it occurs, what impact is acceptable, or how it can be optimally managed. A balanced and comprehensive exposure to the growing knowledge base of ecotourism that will assist their ability to place in context, critically evaluate and effectively manage the sector. (Weaver, D. Ecotourism, 2nd edition: ESP Printers, Inc. 2008). Just as tourism has grown and changed, ecotourism also has gone through a kind of metamorphosis. In its early days, ecotourism was seen more as a type of travel and a specific market niche. Today, it is increasingly viewed as a travel concept or philosophy, based upon a set of principles that can, and should, be applied across the widest possible spectrum of the global tourism industry in an effort to make tourism truly sustainable and a positive...
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...CHAPTER I The Problem and its Settings Introduction The term ecotourism was unknown in the English language as recently as the mid-1980’s. Yet, by the beginning of the 21st century, this form of recreational activity, which essentially involves the observation an appreciation of wildlife and other aspects of the natural environment while minimizing the related ecological or sociocultural costs, had emerged as a major component of global tourism and an important focus for academics in the field of tourism studies. Many stakeholders, however, while enthusiastically embracing the concept of ecotourism as defined above, still do not really understand what it means: what activities qualify, who participates, where it occurs, what impact is acceptable, or how it can be optimally managed. A balanced and comprehensive exposure to the growing knowledge base of ecotourism that will assist their ability to place in context, critically evaluate and effectively manage the sector. (Weaver, D. Ecotourism, 2nd edition: ESP Printers, Inc. 2008). Just as tourism has grown and changed, ecotourism also has gone through a kind of metamorphosis. In its early days, ecotourism was seen more as a type of travel and a specific market niche. Today, it is increasingly viewed as a travel concept or philosophy, based upon a set of principles that can, and should, be applied across the widest possible spectrum of the global tourism industry in an effort to make tourism truly sustainable and a positive...
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...Inle Lake wetland Sanctuary The lake is 22 kilometers long, 11 kilometers wide and virtually surrounded by the beautiful Shan mountain ranges. Inle Lake is the county’s second biggest lake after Indawgyi Lake in Kachin State. The inhabitants of the Inle Lake are generally known as In-Thas. Specifically, the region’s menfolk are called In-Tha and womenfolk are called In-Thu. They live in houses built in and around the lake, some partly on the lake bank and partly in the water, some on lands bordering the lake bank, some in the water near the bank. They are known for their industrious and persevering mindset, which has helped them survive by growing a wide variety of flowers, vegetables and fruits on the water on floating islands that are attached to the lake bed with long bamboo poles. The floating water hyacinth and tomato are the major products of the region. Many handmade accessories such as bags, shawls, headdresses, baskets and even robes for the monks are made from water hyacinth. The lake is also eminent for its Floating Market nearby Ywama village which is run on every 5 days with Shan ethnic people. Nga Hpe Chaung Monastery, also known as Jumping Cat Monastery as the monks have trained their cats to show acrobatic jump, near Ywama village is also one of the fantastic places to visit in Inle Lake. Site Profile Location * Located between 20° 10′ N and 97° 02′ E in Naung Shwe, Pinlaung and Peh Kon Townships of Southern Shan State. Elevation over 2900 feet. Area...
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...CHAPTER 1 AN OVERVIEW OF THE TRAVEL INDUSTRY PART I: THE TRAVEL INDUSTRY IN THE PAST A. THE HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM o The civilization of ancient Greece. Key event: The Olympic Games of 776 BC were the first international tourist event. o The Romans. Key event: First roads were built. o Early Christianity. Key event: Pilgrimages and visits to holy places. o 17th and 18th centuries. Key event: Nobility went on Grand Tours. Trips for health reasons to spa towns and seaside resorts. Stagecoaches and coaching inns developed. o 19th century. Key event: Steam transport (boats and trains). First organized tours and excursions by Thomas Cook. Growth of hotels and resorts in Europe. Introduction to traveller’s cheques and hotel vouchers. Birth of mass tourism. o Post-World War II . Key event: Paid holidays. More disposable income. Rowth of holidy camps ( accomodation and entertainment). Package holidays. The invention of jet engine. B. FOUNDATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM’S TOURISM INDUSTRY o From 1960 to 1975 Key event: 09/07/1960: Vietnam Tourist Enterprise founded in the North (Only guests of the government were served; having no good conditions or potentials for tourism industry to develop; luxurious hotels, restaurants, bars, nightclubs were mainly in in the South). o From 1975 to 1989 Key event: - Late of 1975 to early of 1976: Tourists enterprises or agencies founded in many cities and provinces...
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...REPUBLIC ACT No. 9593 Tourism Act of 2009 and otherwise known as Its Implementing Rules and Regulations DOT Manual Guides.indd_edited.indd 1 1/26/2010 1:33:03 PM DOT Manual Guides.indd_edited.indd 2 1/26/2010 1:34:00 PM REPUBLIC ACT No. 9593 AN ACT DECLARING A NATIONAL POLICY FOR TOURISM AS AN ENGINE OF INVESTMENT, EMPLOYMENT, GROWTH AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, AND STRENGTHENING THE DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM AND ITS ATTACHED AGENCIES TO EFFECTIVELY AND EFFICIENTLY IMPLEMENT THAT POLICY, AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR Be it enacted by the Senate and the House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS SECTION 1. Short Title. – This Act shall be known as “The Tourism Act of 2009.” SECTION 2. Declaration of Policy. – The State declares tourism as an indispensable element of the national economy and an industry of national interest and importance, which must be harnessed as an engine of socio-economic growth and cultural affirmation to generate investment, foreign exchange and employment, and to continue to mold an enhanced sense of national pride for all Filipinos. Towards this end, the State shall seek to: (a) Ensure the development of Philippine tourism that is for and by the Filipino people, conserve and promote their heritage, national identity and sense of unity; (b) Recognize sustainable tourism development as integral to the national socio- economic development efforts to improve the quality of life of the...
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