...to cover all expansion costs for the first 5 years and subsequently decrease it afterwards—but only by a nominal margin. However, a problem comes with this expansion when you take a closer look; a newly saturated beneficiary pool with the same or decreasing number of primary care physicians that will accept them. This is going to spell disaster for all Medicaid beneficiaries and the states that partake in this expansion. This expansion should be cut from Obamacare all together and have the funds reallocated in two ways: 1. increase the number of primary care physicians by subsidizing their degrees (i.e. similar to Medicare) and 2. create federal mandated minimums that states must pay doctors who accept Medicaid. Medicaid currently accounts for an average of 24% of state budgetary spending. This is partially due in part to Medicaid beneficiaries going to the emergency room for minor health issues that could better be served by a primary care physician. Individuals are doing this because there is a lack of primary care physicians that will accept Medicaid. Take for example California and its MediCal program; only 54% of doctors in California accept MediCal at all and half of that are accepting new patients. California and many other states pay doctors only 30 to 40 percent of what...
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...will talk to you about Government spending and how it is hurting our country. First, I will tell you how the government is spending more money than it is receiving from the citizens of the United States of America. Secondly, I will write about some ways that I think we can try to cut the spending of the government. I will also write about some of the wasteful spending that the government has done in the past. Currently the government is spending more money than it is taking in from taxes and other; means (Boccia, Fraser & Goff, 2013). According to Boccia, Fraser & Goff (2013) we have a deficit of $642 billion which is less than previous years, but that does not mean that the government has its spending under control. Boccia et al. (2013) states that the reason that we see a smaller deficit, is because of the raised taxes and the sequestration that happened this year. Boccia et al. (2013) states that Washington will spend $3.5 trillion this year while only collecting $2.8 trillion in revenue which means that there will be a deficit of about $642 billion. Boccia et al. (2013) states that “Medicaid Is the Fastest-Growing Major Entitlement” at 109%. Medicaid is at $265 billion in 2013 and is projected to reach $554 billion in 2023 Boccia et al. (2013). Boccia et al. (2013) also state that in 2011 the total Anti-Poverty cost reached $927 billion. Boccia et al. (2013) stated, “Welfare spending has increased 16-fold since the federal...
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...to pick his jalapeño peppers. He sharply reduced his acreage and invested $2 million developing a machine to remove pepper stems. His goal was to cut the number of laborers he needed by 90% and to hire higher-paid U.S. machinists instead. “We used to have many migrant families. They aren’t coming back,” says Mr. Knorr, who owns RK Farms LLC, an hour’s drive from Phoenix. Few issues in the presidential campaign are more explosive than whether and how much to crack down on illegal immigration, which some Republican candidates in particular blame for America’s economic woes. Arizona is a test case of what happens to an economy when such migrants leave, and it illustrates the economic tensions fueling the immigration debate. Immigrants Push Down Wages for Low-Income Workers—But How Much? Economists of opposing political views agree the state’s economy took a hit when large numbers of illegal immigrants left for Mexico and other border states, following a broad crackdown. But they also say the reduced competition for low-skilled jobs was a boon for some native-born construction and agricultural workers who got jobs or raises, and that the departures also saved the state money on education and health care. Whether those gains are worth the economic pain is the crux of the debate. Gordon Hanson, a University of California at San Diego economist who has studied the issue for the nonpartisan Council on Foreign Relations, has detailed how large-scale immigration undermines wages...
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...Cost and EQuity in access paper by Gada Korayim UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDU 628 - Professor Tatiana Melguizo Due Date: March 8, 2015 Introduction The diversity of colleges in the higher education landscape stems from the diversity of missions. For one, the obstacles to innovation in higher education in the USA has been a debate for years. There are colleges that focus on liberal arts education as Dr. Liz Coleman (TED Talks) lectured during her speech about “Reinventing the Liberal Arts Education”. There are colleges that focus on career development. According to Fortino (2015), the university mission is “to create more prepared minds” to contribute to society by creating jobs and innovative opportunities that will improve economies. Fortino (2015) mentioned that the former President of Harvard University, Dr. Derek Bok, discussed the dangers of commercializing higher education when colleges and universities turn their attention to commercial development of their inventions. This apparently is what is being seen on campuses and in universities today. When the focus is placed on commercialization, universities are placed under pressure to produce output and seek profitable, income based outputs, and the main mission and vision of universities can fade and disappear. Governments provide funding to universities and provide laboratories, equipment, books, etc. The desired output is to produce students that have a commercial...
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...Wisconsin when Steve was born, said he had no choice but to put the baby up for adoption because his girlfriend's family objected to their relationship. The baby was adopted at birth by Paul Reinhold Jobs (1922–1993) and Clara Jobs (1924–1986), an Armenian American whose maiden name was Hagopian. According to Steve Jobs's commencement address at Stanford, Schieble wanted Jobs to be adopted only by a college-graduate couple. Schieble learned that Clara Jobs hadn't graduated from college and Paul Jobs had only attended high school, but signed final adoption papers after they promised her that the child would definitely be encouraged and supported to attend college. Later, when asked about his "adoptive parents", Jobs replied emphatically that Paul and Clara Jobs "were my parents." He stated in his authorized biography that they "were my parents 1,000%." Unknown to him, his biological parents would subsequently marry (December 1955), have a second child, novelist Mona Simpson, in 1957, and divorce in 1962. His family moved from San Francisco to Mountain View, California when he was five years old. The parents later adopted a daughter, Patty. Paul worked as a mechanic and a carpenter, and taught his son rudimentary electronics and how to work with his hands. The father showed Steve how to work on electronics in the family garage, demonstrating to his son how to take apart and rebuild electronics such as radios and televisions. As a result, Steve became interested in and developed...
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...households without children support local public schools? Linking house price capitalization to school spending ✩ Christian A.L. Hilber a,b,∗ , Christopher Mayer c,d a London School of Economics, Department of Geography and Environment, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, UK Spatial Economics Research Centre (SERC), UK Columbia Business School, Uris Hall #808, 3022 Broadway, New York, NY 10027, USA d NBER, USA b c a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Received 19 October 2007 Revised 19 September 2008 Available online 27 September 2008 JEL classification: H4 H7 I2 R31 Keywords: Capitalization Elderly Land supply School spending While residents receive similar benefits from many local government programs, only about one-third of all households have children in public schools. We argue that capitalization of school spending into house prices can encourage even childless residents to support spending on schools. We identify a proxy for the extent of capitalization—the supply of land available for new development—and show that towns in Massachusetts with little undeveloped land have larger changes in house prices in response to a plausibly exogenous spending shock. Towns with little available land also spend more on schools. We extend these results using data from school districts in 46 states, showing that per pupil spending is positively related to the percentage of developed land. This positive correlation persists only in...
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...BUDGET FORMATS By presenting selected information in particular ways, budget documents focus attention on certain questions, relationships, and developments. Because budget formats “establish the rules by which the budgeting game is played (the decision rules)” and also “create the standards by which success is measured (rules of evidence),” formats are important to public budgeting. “When we speak of budgeting formats, we are talking about the way in which budgeting information is structured, the kind of information that is required to justify budget requests, and what kind of questions are asked during the budget review process” (Morgan, 2002, p. 71). There are four general types of approaches: line-item, performance, program, and zero-based, plus hybrids. Table 1 compares them and the following discussion describes them in detail. 2 3 Source: 4 Reprinted by permission. Morgan, Douglas, with the assistance of Kent Robinson and support of Drew Barden and Dennis Strachota, 2002. Handbook on Public Budgeting. Portland State University, Hatfield School of Government, State of Oregon edition, Table 7-6, pp. 162–163, http://eli.pdx.edu/erc/morgan/handbook6.doc. Alternative Methods of Budgeting Line-Item Budgeting A line-item budget lists, in vertical columns, each of the city’s revenue sources and each of the types—or classes—of items the city will purchase during the fiscal year. Following is an example of how line-item budgeting would be used in a small town public...
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...attend medical school after graduation. Given her potential, she could have been one of the leading scientists working towards developing a cure for cancer or on other work that would advance society. She could be all these wonderful things if she was able to accept this offer but unfortunately, she is barred from pursuing higher education because like the 1.2 million students all over the country, she is an illegal citizen. Most of the time, these children are not here by choice but because their parents brought them to the United States at a young age; it is cruel to punish these students for acts their parents committed. Furthermore, situations aforementioned can be mutually beneficial as students like Grecia would benefit as a person from gaining a higher education and the opportunities available during and after this pursuit while society would be able to enjoy the fruits of her labor as well as the taxes she would generate, to name a few. Therefore, in order to support those 1.2 million smart illegal students to continue their pursuit for higher education, a proposal was brought to the senate in 2001 called the DREAM act (Development, Relief and Education for Alien Minors). The purpose of this act is to allow illegal aliens to receive a green card which would allow them the benefits reserved for a U.S citizen. This act will grant many illegal immigrants in-state college tuition as well as financial aid in order to fulfill their academic goals. Even though this act was re-introduced...
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...(pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Osteopathic medicine—United States—History. [DNLM: 1. Osteopathic Medicine—history—United States. WB 940 G396d 2004] I. Gevitz, Norman. D.O.’s. II. Title. RZ325.U6G48 2004 615.5′33′0973—dc21 2003012874 A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Frontispiece courtesy of the Still National Osteopathic Museum, Kirksville, Missouri. For Kathryn Gevitz This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS Preface & Acknowledgments ix Chapter 1 Andrew Taylor Still THE MISSOURI MECCA IN THE FIELD 39 1 22 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 STRUCTURE & FUNCTION EXPANDING THE SCOPE 54 69 85 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 THE PUSH FOR HIGHER STANDARDS A QUESTION OF IDENTITY The California Merger 101 115 135 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 REAFFIRMATION & EXPANSION In a Sea of Change 155 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 THE CHALLENGE OF DISTINCTIVENESS 171 Notes 193 Index 237 This page intentionally left blank PREFACE & ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I first became aware of the existence of the osteopathic medical profession during the summer of 1974. I was meeting my friend David,...
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...development firm and has more than 25 years of experience in computer design and software development. He holds a computer engineering degree from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor and a graduate business degree from the University of California, Los Angeles. He is highly regarded in his field and has written for publications including The New York Times, Fortune, Forbes, The Atlantic, The Washington Post, Project Syndicate, The Huffington Post and The Fiscal Times. Ford is the author of the two books, his most recent Rise of the Robots: Technology and the Threat of a Jobless Future (2015) and in earlier years The Lights In the Tunnel: Automation, Accelerating Technology and the Economy of the Future (2009). These two books are about dealing with the effects of automation, robots, algorithms and the effects they have on mass-unemployment. Ford is quite unique and in some ways brave in the fact that he was the first 21st century author to publish a book (The Lights in the Tunnel) making a very strong argument that advances in robotics and artificial intelligence would eventually take over a large percentage of the human workforce and in turn make us obsolete. In this wise and wide-ranging book, he surveys the impact robots and smart technology is having upon the economy, work, leisure, education, health care, and the acceleration of inequality and unemployment. Introduction: The central idea of this book by Martin Ford is that smart machines, robots and algorithms are increasingly...
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...Policy Process: The Affordable Care Act Dinah Riveron HCS/455 May 18, 2015 John Cutspec Policy Process: The Affordable Care Act The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act signed by President Obama on March 23, 2010 as the means to enforce Health Insurance reform. Its main object is to make Health Insurance and Preventive care accessible and affordable to the American population. The Affordable Care Act The ACA major components include: Medicaid expansion, allowing states the opportunity to expand their existing Medicaid programs to include, (OPA, 1015) “individuals under 65 years of age with incomes up to 133% of the federal poverty level… (as well as) certain low-income adults without children” (Medicaid Expansion). Health Insurance Marketplace (HIM), available for access to individuals and small businesses enabling them to compare a variety of plans on the basis of price, quality and benefits and to choose the most affordable option according to their needs. The proposed three models are State Operated, State and Government Operated, and Federal Government Operated, for States that choose not to establish a program. Under the ACA, health services provided by all Insurance companies (participating or not on the HIM) are required to offer individuals and small businesses, affordable health Insurance plans that allow access to ten services identified as Essential Health Benefits (EHB). EHB services include, Ambulatory and Emergency services, Hospitalization...
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...Applying the Balanced Scorecard to Education DEMETRIUS KARATHANOS PATRICIA KARATHANOS Southeast Missouri State University Cape Girardeau, Missouri T he concept of the balanced scorecard (BSC) was first introduced by Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton (1992) in their now widely cited Harvard Business Review article, “The Balanced Scorecard—Measures that Drive Performance.” The widespread adoption and use of the BSC is well documented. For example, Kaplan and Norton (2001) reported that by 2001 about 50% of the Fortune 1000 companies in North America and 40% to 45% of companies in Europe were using the BSC. The basic premise of the BSC is that financial results alone cannot capture value-creating activities (Kaplan & Norton, 2001). In other words, financial measures are lagging indicators and, as such, are not effective in identifying the drivers or activities that affect financial results. Kaplan and Norton (1992) suggested that organizations, while using financial measures, should develop a comprehensive set of additional measures to use as leading indicators, or predictors, of financial performance. They suggested that measures should be developed that address four perspectives: 1. The financial perspective. Measures in this perspective should answer the question, “How should we appear to our shareholders?” 2. The customer perspective. These measures should answer the question, ABSTRACT. Although the application of the balanced scorecard (BSC) in the business sector...
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...Should College Tuition be Free for all Students? I believe that most students today struggle to pay for college. Unless you are a 4.0 grade point average student with a complete scholarship to the university of your liking, you are subject to the same condition as the majority of college students that struggle to pay the tuition for a four year school or attend community college to transfer after two years. Despite the fact that I attend community college and call myself “financially stable” for the moment, but even with my mother’s income and with what I make myself, I am still not able to completely finance my way through college. I consider myself to be blessed as that does not even compare to what a student at a four year university has to pay for tuition; paying for tuition becomes even more burdensome if you are attending an out of state school or private university. Although financial aid tries to help students with their tuition with no expectation of being paid back, that money is generally insufficient in covering the majority of the debt. As a result, a “financially stable,” or lower status would still mean that you undertake debt that cannot be paid back in full for years to come. With that fact in mind, should college tuition be free for all students? In order to fully answer this question, I began exploring different articles that offered different opinions as to what should be done to resolve this issue. “Free College, We can afford it” by Katrina vanden...
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...Environmental Health Term Paper: Childhood Obesity in Low Socioeconomic Status Communities Jordan Landers Florida State University Abstract Obesity is at an all time high in the Unites States, affecting 35% of adults and 17% of children. Childhood obesity can be very detrimental causing emotional, physical, and social strain on the lives of adolescents. Those that are affected the most are citizens that live in low socioeconomic status communities due to lack of education and lack of resources. There are shortages of grocery stores and markets that offer fresh fruits and vegetables thus communities rely on fast food restaurants and convenient stores for food. Furthermore lack of fresh food coupled with physical inactivity is the main reason for the rise of childhood obesity and obesity in general in the past 30 years. Creating safe places for children to play as well as providing food and resources is the only way to eliminate the ongoing obesity epidemic. Growing up there has always been a certain degree of importance placed on the diet and living a healthy lifestyle to live a long and successful life. As of late there has been a boom in fitness sales, gym memberships, and importance on diet and quality food consumption, yet in the past 30 years the United States has seen a drastic increase in the amount of obese individuals. With social media and so many other health initiatives taking place across the country, why is there still a rise in obesity levels amongst...
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...Jesse Caez 8/27/15 Should state colleges be free? Should College Tuition be Free for all Students? I believe that most students today struggle to pay for college. Unless you are a 4.0 grade point average student with a complete scholarship to the university of your liking, you are in the same condition as the majority of college students that struggle to pay the tuition for a four year school or attend community college to transfer after two years. Despite the fact that I attend ITT tech and call myself “financially stable” for the moment, but even with my mother’s income and with what I make myself, I am still not able to completely finance my way through college. I consider myself to be blessed as that does not even compare to what a student at a four year university has to pay for tuition; paying for tuition becomes even more burdensome if you are attending an out of state school or private university. Although financial aid tries to help students with their tuition with no expectation of being paid back, that money is generally insufficient in covering the majority of the debt. As a result, a “financially stable,” or lower status would still mean that you undertake debt that cannot be paid back in full for years to come. With that fact in mind, should college tuition be free for all students? In order to fully answer this question, I began exploring different articles that offered different opinions as to what should be done to resolve this issue. “Free College, We...
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