...1051)conducted a cost-benefit analysis to determine the business case for beneficiaries of Medicare through post discharge care transition(PDCT) .The measurement for in this research included the PDCT cost benefit ratio and the abilities and skills of self-management that recipients posed .This study was based on a controlled randomized trial. The study was carried out on elderly recipients receiving treatment at a general hospital located in a rural area called upstate in New York. The research was carried out from October 2008 to December 2009. The recipients selected were provided with services as part of the PDCT intervention while the others were controlled through regular discharge from the hospital. The participants were selected randomly before discharge from the hospital. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used during the study after the census of the patients’ daily medical care was obtained. Based on the medical number and record of individuals, they were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Three hundred and thirty three recipients were chosen for this study: 160 in the intervention group and 173 in the control group (Shadi, et al. 1051). Participants in this program were approached while they were hospitalized, and the program was explained to them before they signed the consent forms. The program consisted of three home visits by nurses who were tasked with the role of delivering the program. The intervention features included developing the...
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...The quantitative study “REFINE (Reducing Falls in In-patieNt Elderly) using bed and bedside chair pressure sensors linked to radio-pagers in acute hospital care: a randomized controlled trial” set out to research how effective pressure sensitive bed and chair alarms are at preventing falls. The researchers’ motivation to perform this study was to challenge the effectiveness of this new technology in preventing falls. This paper will analyze the quality and efficacy of this study and ultimately find their conclusion to be valid. The problem researchers will address is insufficient research related to single interventions to prevent falls in hospitals. The problem was easily identified and briefly stated in the background and then further explained...
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...Carusone,1 Mark Loeb,1,2 and Lynne Lohfeld1,3 1Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada2Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Canada 3Program for Educational Research and Development, McMaster University, Canada Corresponding author. Soo Chan Carusone: chansy@mcmaster.ca; Mark Loeb: loebm@mcmaster.ca; Lynne Lohfeld: lohfeld@mcmaster.ca Received September 19, 2005; Accepted January 23, 2006. Pneumonia is the inflammation of the lung parenchyma, build up fluid in the tissue of the lungs and then this infection spread in to whole body. The causes are mainly by Viruses, Bacteria, often caused by parasites or fungi. Pneumonia is the 5th leading cause of death in elderly. It may be unrecognized due to many factors such as it may be asymptomatic, or may be confused with other medical Pneumonia and other lower respiratory infections occur frequently among older adults residing in long-term care facilities. These infections are the most common reason for why residents are transferred to hospital. Such transfer is not only a frightening experience for these seniors, but may also be associated with multiple risks including decline in functional status, falls, delirium, and acquisition of multi-drug resistant bacteria. A clinical pathway or algorithm designed to manage residents with pneumonia...
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...Epidemiology Paper In this epidemiological paper, I will be discussing about my chosen vulnerable population of elderly and the disease of type II diabetes among elderly population. I will also be discussing epidemiology and what it means, the steps and methods of epidemiology and how it was done for my chosen population and disease. Ethical and legal considerations, how to provide culturally competent care, and at last, I will discuss whether the research was descriptive or analytical, and the process of feasibility and evaluation of prevention of diseases. As stated in Nursing Standard, epidemiology is a scientific research discipline concerned with observing, measuring and analyzing health-related occurrences in human populations (Last 1995, Trichopoulos 1996). Mausner and Kramer (1985) suggest that epidemiological studies can be applied to all diseases, conditions and health-related events (Whitehead, 2000). Although epidemiology is focused on observing, measuring, and analyzing, it also evaluates diseases and health services, rationalizes resources, and prioritizes as to how to formulate strategies for health promotion. Epidemiology can also help to determine the health of the population, planning of health policies and services, and maintaining a healthy environment for all. When it comes to nursing, epidemiology offers nurses many benefits in incorporating health practices into their professional roles, helps them in having a better understanding in regards to the disease...
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...and these deficits may cause additional harm in that people may be need to be removed from their comfortable and familiar environments. Green, Linsk and Pinkston (1986) conducted a study with two elderly gentlemen who had suffered strokes. Because of the inability to effectively communicate with their spouses both men were at risk of being placed in nursing facilities. The study investigated the effects of “reinforce[ing] positive and ignor[ing] undesired verbal responses (Green, et. al, p. 329). As speculated, both men were allowed to remain in their own homes and verbal communication dramatically improved. Both participants in the study were being cared for by their wives and were referred to the study by local hospitals. Mr. Orr, aged 67, suffered a stroke 3 months before the research study began. He lived in an upper class suburb with sufficient economic resources. Following the stroke, he often answered questions with inappropriate answers, and rarely engaged in “spontaneous or unprompted” conversation (Green, et. al, p. 330). Mr. Ford, aged 63, suffered a series of strokes for 15 years and resided in a small home in a low-income urban neighborhood. He was verbally abusive, particularly to his wife and often accused her of being unfaithful. Design and Intervention All sessions were conducted in the participants’ homes and were conducted by practitioners with graduates whose specialties were in gerontological behavior and rehabilitation. The independent variable...
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...The elderly have much to deal with in the limited time they have left. As health practitioners it is our duty to make sure the precious time these patients have left is not spent at a hospital. Elderly readmission rate is unusually high, especially when it comes to the readmission rate of elderly patients with congestive heart failure, thus there must be ways to counteract the high volume of readmission rates amongst the elderly and lower it. The research study by Rich and Beckham used a multidisciplinary approach to treat the elderly patients, who are recovering from congestive heart failures, which might be able to significantly reduce the rate of readmission for elderly patients at high risk (Rich and Beckham 1995). Rich and Beckham conducted the study by first gathering the elderly patients who are at high risk for readmission post congestive heart failure which ending up being 1306 patients. The patients were then randomly assigned to whether they will receive the special treatment or the ordinary treatment by use of a computer random selective system. Detailed data were collected at the time of enrollment, 90 days after they were discharged, and whenever a patient was rehospitalized during the 90 time period (Rich and Beckham 1995). The results of this study show that with an effective multidisciplinary approach readmission rates for elderly patients with congestive heart failures will significantly drop. The research conducted by Rich and Beckham can be used in hospitals...
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...Wellness Intervention for Older Adults with Chronic Illness NAME INSTITUTION Chronic illness on elderly people has become rampant and of great concern. Medical intervention makes it possible for people to live longer and to survive more severe injury and pain. (Brown, 2003). Chronic illness can lead to isolation, depression, occupational deprivation among others effects. Occupational Therapists intend to know the evidence concerning nonpharmaceutical mind-body interventions that are more likely to increased participations. The objective of this study was to evaluate mind –body interventions for the elderly adult with chronic pain. I randomly sampled one hundred and twenty patients from different hospitals within Miami. The response gave instruction in mind and body relationship, cognitive restructuring, problem-solving, communication and behavioral treatment for insomnia, nutrition and exercise, meditation, hypnosis, yoga and guided imagery. A structured review evaluated pain reduction, feasibility, and safety. I used studies in Medline and PsycINFO to retrieve the data. 40 samples out of 120 include older adults with chronic illness aged between 60 to 75 years for one year follow up. I excluded samples of chronic nonmalignant pain. I selected twenty two and eighteen samples for men and women respectively. The outcome measures varied by the study, it took into consideration of depression scale, chronic pain acceptance questionnaire health, arthritis impact measurements, health-promoting...
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...ministry's newly released Aging at Home Strategy.After a broad literature review and consultation with experts, the secretariat identified 4 key areas that strongly predict an elderly person's transition from independent community living to a long-term care home. Evidence-based analyses have been prepared for each of these 4 areas: falls and fall-related injuries, urinary incontinence, dementia, and social isolation. For the first area, falls and fall-related injuries, an economic model is described in a separate report.Please visit the Medical Advisory Secretariat Web site, http://www.health.gov.on.ca/english/providers/program/mas/mas_about.html, to review these titles within the Aging in the Community series.AGING IN THE COMMUNITY: Summary of Evidence-Based AnalysesPrevention of Falls and Fall-Related Injuries in Community-Dwelling Seniors: An Evidence-Based AnalysisBehavioural Interventions for Urinary Incontinence in Community-Dwelling Seniors: An Evidence-Based AnalysisCaregiver- and Patient-Directed Interventions for Dementia: An Evidence-Based AnalysisSocial Isolation in Community-Dwelling Seniors: An Evidence-Based AnalysisThe Falls/Fractures Economic Model in Ontario Residents Aged 65 Years and Over (FEMOR) OBJECTIVE OF THE EVIDENCE-BASED ANALYSIS: The objective was to systematically review interventions aimed at preventing or reducing social isolation and loneliness in community-dwelling seniors, that is, persons ≥ 65 years of age who are not living in...
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...Running Head: COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING INTERVENTION Community Health Nursing Intervention During the initial surveys and studies performed, the Town of Breckenridge was shown to be healthy and affluent. But, even with this affluence, and the services available because of it, there were populations that were shown to be vulnerable. These vulnerabilities are in part due to lifestyle choices of some residents as well as the access to health care due to job opportunities. The purpose of this paper is to address some of the community concerns raised as well as narrowing down to one priority issue. Interventions, expected outcomes and supporting documentation will be presented. Three priority community health and safety concerns Three priority community health and safety concerns are: risk for increased substance abuse among young adults related to municipal legalization of marijuana, increased access to drugs and drug paraphernalia, and wide acceptance of drug usage; risk for severe injury/trauma of young adults related to age and young male demographic, participation in extreme sports (skiing, snowboarding), accepted culture of risky behaviors involving gravity and hard, fixed objects. And, after completing the assessment of the Summit Community Care Clinic, risk for ineffective management of therapeutic regimen among uninsured and under-insured residents related to the inability to afford healthcare and preventative care due to lack of insurance offered...
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...Introduction Anti-depressant medications are consistently used throughout acute medical wards to treat symptoms of depression. However, there are complementary and lifestyle interventions that can be introduced as an alternative. This piece will explore the effects of musical therapy for lessening symptoms of depression through evidence-based practice. A clearly stated and answerable clinical question is a critical step when developing a research study. To assist in developing the question a PICO principle is used. This principle identifies four key elements to consider, which guide and structure the answerable clinical question. The elements are: Population, Intervention, Comparator and Outcome (Hastings & Fisher, 2014). PICO question development When treating the elderly (aged 65 and older) with symptoms of depression (P), does engaging in a complementary intervention such as music therapy (I), in comparison to anti-depressant medications (C), have a greater effect on decreasing the symptoms of depression (O)? Identifying the population determines the target patient or process of interest. In this case, geriatrics or older adults (aged 65 and older) with depression is specific and marks it achievable to locate information that is relevant to the clinical question. The intervention is a guide to the best practice to be assessed, for example, music therapy as being an effective alternative to improve symptoms of depression. A comparator is essential to review...
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...The Elderly as a Vulnerable Population Lauren M. Lorio NUR/440 April 9, 2012 Maria Mendez The Elderly as a Vulnerable Population Vulnerability is defined as susceptibility or increased risk for health problems (DeChesnay, 2008). A group of individuals are considered at higher risk for illness when their physical, emotional, psychological, or social health, is compromised (Aday, 2001). There are many leading causes for why a population is considered at higher risk; socioeconomic, age, gender, demographics, personal, and cultural backgrounds are some of the key factors (Aday, 2001; Sebation, 1996). Individuals can become vulnerable at any time because of change in life circumstances, placing them at higher risk. One group considered to be a vulnerable population is the elderly. In the article, “Patterns of Perceived Barriers to Medical Care in Older Adults: a Latent Class Analysis,” authors Joshua M. Thorpe, Carolyn T. Thorpe, Korey A. Kennelty, and Nancy Pandhi (2011), examine various levels concerning barriers to health care accessibility for the elderly population. The purpose of the study is to “…identify risk factors, potentially assisting healthcare organizations with targeting policies and interventions designed to improve access in the most vulnerable older adult populations” (Thorpe et al., 2011, p. 1). Categories of distinct classes of older adults were established in the article, placing Class one at the lowest level of risk for accessibility issues, and...
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...Mental Health Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/camh20 Life-review therapy with computer supplements for depression in the elderly: A randomized controlled trial Barbara Preschl , Andreas Maercker , Birgit Wagner , Simon Forstmeier , Rosa M. Baños a c d a a b a , Mariano Alcañiz , Diana Castilla & Cristina Botella e f d f Department of Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention , University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland b Clinic for Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig , Germany c Departamento Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos , Universidad de Valencia , Valencia , Spain d e f CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto Carlos III , Spain LabHuman , Universidad Politécnica de Valencia , Valencia , Spain Departamento de Psicología Básica , Clinica y Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I , Castellón , Spain Published online: 13 Jul 2012. To cite this article: Barbara Preschl , Andreas Maercker , Birgit Wagner , Simon Forstmeier , Rosa M. Baños , Mariano Alcañiz , Diana Castilla & Cristina Botella (2012) Life-review therapy with computer supplements for depression in the elderly: A randomized controlled trial, Aging & Mental Health, 16:8, 964-974, DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2012.702726 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2012.702726 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE...
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...explains the specific nursing actions that constitute these attributes. Clarity: The attributes of the theory and the model (Flood, 2005) clearly defines the major concepts relevant to successful aging. Flood provides examples of person with cancer that would exemplify the attribute although the physical health is not stated in the assumptions. In addition, there are no ambiguous statements, nor abstract or complex language employed. Nurses can readily understand the language used in the theory. Moreover, guidelines for interventions to help not only for nurses but caregivers to care for elders are provided for a completely understanding. Consistency: Flood’s views of aging and definitions of successful aging addresses the definitions’ consistency throughout her explanation. It have congruent use of terms, interpretations, principle and methods. The distinctly divergent terminology used among the description of the theory’s components and recommended interventions are not presented. Logical Development: This theory perfectly follow a line of thought of previous works....
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...Social Media and the Elderly Is The Use of Social Media Making The Elderly Better-Connected? Websites such as Facebook and Google+ are commonly referred to as social media. Social media are websites and internet-based applications which allow users to exchange content and messages with each other. Over the course of the past decade, social media has become more and more important. At the same time, in all developed countries and in many developing countries, the population has begun to age as both birth and death rates fall. There is much research which indicates that social media makes it easier to interact with other people, to find people with similar interests, and to keep in touch with those whom one already knows. However, there is nearly just as much research which indicates the opposite – that social media serves to disconnect one from one's friends, that it creates social isolation, and that it causes superficial interactions. Adding to the difficulties in reaching a clear conclusion about this matter is the fact that many, if not most of the studies about the effects of social media on friendships and social interactions have been done on the young. Even for studies about the young, it is not entirely certain if a broader social network encourages adoption of social media, or if adoption of social media encourages a broader social network. Judging from what is known about other differences between older people and young people, it is quite likely that the ways in...
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...Social Work Research on African Americans and Suicidal Behavior: A Systematic 25-Year Review Sean foe and Danielle M. Niedermeier Suicide among African Americans is a neglected topic. Social workers practice in both clinical and nonchnical settings, and as the largest occupational group of mental health professionals, they have a unique opportunity to reach this underserved group. However, little is known about social work's empirical knowledge base for recognition and treatment of suicidal behavior among African Americans.The authors performed a systematic critical review of published articles by social workers on African American suicide and suicidal behavior, to ascertain the state of social worker's contribution to and knowledge of suicide risk factors and effective treatments. They conducted Web-based (for example. Social Work Abstracts, PsycINFO, PubMed,JSTOR) and manual searches of suicide research conducted by social work investigators and pubhshed in peer-reviewed journals from 1980 to 2005. References cited in the articles were used to identify candidate articles. According to the search results, social workers contributed only 11 empirical research articles focusing on African American suicide or nonfatal suicidal behavior. Risk factors for suicide are reviewed, and the implications for clinical social work practice and research are addressed. KEY WORDS: African Americans; clinical knowledge; ethnic minority populations; suicide S uicide is one of the leading...
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