...shed upon recently to the effects of emergent literacy in the early learning environment of children and the children’s later knowledge. It is no longer believed that a child needs to learn to read and write once they are put into school and given instructions to do so but rather during their early childhood. While they are home, they must develop appropriate skills through the reading books, communicating with friends and family, and educational activities. Emergent literacy perspectives also emphasize the effects of promoting development and preventing later reading difficulties. As these young children are guided through the reading process by their parents at an early stage, they possess a higher level of...
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...The most unforgettable moment in my life is the day when my pet dog died. Being just a young innocent boy, I really never understood the meaning of death or the purpose of it. All I could understand is that it comes uninvited unexpectedly and it is inevitable, for all life will come to an end one day. The tragic moment happened when I took my pet dog out for a walk. It was when we reached an intersection and was crossing a pedestrian line when a car turning left immediately rushed to turn after I passed him and all of sudden a loud cry came from my dog. As I look behind me, I saw my dog got run over by the car which did not stopped at all and just drove off. I was there standing, looking and waited for my dog to get up and run around just like he always does, even though blood are gushing out of his mouth and eyes. Tears started to pour out like a waterfall as I carried him to the side of the road. The smell was nauseating and the sticky feeling of the blood on my hand, yet I could not stop holding him as he takes his last remaining breath with agony. I don’t know if it’s because of my tears or the smell of the blood that makes everything around me seems so dull and dark with his emotionless and motionless body in my tiny arms as I rushed home. To know that just a few hours ago he was whining and giving me the puppy eyes so I could take him to walk but now all of that is over as my dad and I buried him in our yard. I thought of all the good time we had together. He was adorable...
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...The Case for Writing Studies as a Major Discipline Charles Bazerman, University of California, Santa Barbara Literate activity, directly and indirectly, occupies much of the day of people in modern society. Literacy in its basic and more elaborated, specialized forms is the cornerstone in the education of the young. Literacy and symbolic artifacts underlay the information age and its information economy. Literacy along with its enabling technologies and consequent forms of social, political, and economic organization, has supported ways of life that distinguish us from humans of 5000 years ago. Literate engagement is also associated with forms of belief, commitment, and consciousness that shape modern personality. Yet the study of writing--its production, its circulation, its uses, its role in the development of individuals and societies, and its learning by individuals, social collectives, and historically emergent cultures--remains a dispersed enterprise. Inquiry into skills, practices, objects, and consequences of reading and writing is the concern of only a few people, fragmented across university disciplines, with no serious home of its own. How is it that all this enormity is the interest of a few linguistic anthropologists, a very few psychologists, an occasional sociologist, scattered cultural historians and scholars, some applied linguists, some education researchers, and an increasing but still limited number of people in the teaching of writing in higher...
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...ADULT LITERACY EDUCATION IN NIGERIA AND THE USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1. The need for adult literacy education in Nigeria cannot be over-emphasized. In the context of global economy and competitive markets, adult literacy is a key factor contributing to economic development. In all countries of the world, adults constitute a larger proportion of the work force. Therefore, human resource development through adult literacy education has become a key component within the overall strategy for economic restructuring both in the developed and developing countries. The future of global economy and democratic polity in the twenty-first century is likely to depend on skilled, educated, and enlightened adult citizens. It was the World Conference on Education for All, held in Jomtien, (Thailand) in 1990 that highlighted the critical importance of addressing the learning needs of adults. In the context of globalization, basic learning skills and competencies are necessary not only for children, but also for adults, who are valuable human resources of every society. The new technological developments in information and Communication technologies (ICTs), such as satellite radio and television broadcasting, long distance telephony, computers and telecommunications have dramatically expanded our options for engaging in learning and teaching at the individual, community and societal levels. The hallmark of ICTs is their distributive power and...
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...[pic] Reading Program Action Plan John Rhine Northcentral University Language Arts and Reading ED 7005 Dr. Little January 09, 2015 Abstract Reading comprehension among students in today’s society is of high importance. The ability to be college ready in reading and writing categories is a need that many students struggle with at the college level. This paper will focus on an action plan to alleviate those needs and allow for students to be better prepared for future challenges in reading and writing that await them. This paper will address deficiencies, challenges, and strategies to improve the literacy program at Anywhere ISD in Anywhere, Texas. Reading Program Action Plan A reading program plan should be determined by meeting the needs of the students it plans to serve (Ediger, 2010). In determining an action plan for meeting the students of my school there are several key factors I have to evaluate. School funding issues are prevalent in every state in America and in order for this to be effective funding issues need to be established. For the sake of argument this reading program action plan is built on the assumption that funding is not an issue but student success is of more importance. This action plan will focus on 8th grade students at Anywhere ISD in Anywhere, Texas. Based upon data, two thirds of 8th graders read below grade level (Martello, Martello, Modder man, Peterson, & Pan, 2013). Gunning (2013) suggests ten principles in implementing a successful...
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...Parental Involvement in Reading: Effect on Early Reading Achievement Reading achievement is one of the most important aspects in every young child’s life. Learning to read is of course anything but a race, but getting a good start is as vital in learning to read as it is in any race. Children who fall behind in school at an early age seldom catch up. Studies have found that children who were classified as poor readers at the end of first grade had an 88% chance of being poor readers at the end of fourth grade (Jenkins & Vadasy, 2000). Countless studies have been conducted to determine the effect of parental involvement on students reading achievement. Observations and interviews suggested that parental activity increased children’s reading skill acquisition or enthusiasm, which, resulted in success in reading. All results indicated that parental involvement in reading has a considerable impact on students reading achievement. The findings support that parental involvement plays a part in fostering children’s cognitive growth and academic success. Research done in this area has been quantitative in nature in that studies have looked at the relationship and/or the cause and effect of parental involvement and reading achievement. There has been little qualitative data collected in this particular area. Statement of the Problem The purpose of this qualitative study is to document the process and experiences of one parent-child pair where the child is in first grade...
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...A Study of Middle Grades Students’ Reading Interests, Habits, and Achievement Nichole Lynnette Smith A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Education in the School of Education. Chapel Hill 2009 Approved By: Dr. Barbara Day Dr. Frank Brown Dr. Sandra Hughes-Hassell Dr. Teresa Petty Dr. Xue Lan Rong i © 2009 Nichole Lynnette Smith ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Nichole Lynnette Smith: A Study of Middle Grades Students’ Reading Interests, Habits, and Achievement (Under the direction of Dr. Barbara Day, Advisor) Reading has become an area of concern among the American culture in the past decade. The amount of time the American public spends reading is declining quickly, and its most frequent drop has been among its youngest readers, elementary school students (National Endowment for the Arts, 2004). McKool’s (2007) research has found that there is a “strong relationship between the amount of out-of-school reading a student engages in and his or her success in school” (p. 111). It has also been found that students’ academic levels do not remain the same with no growth, but their academic levels actually drop if they do not read in their free time (Hughes- Hassell & Lutz, 2006). The current literature focuses on younger students, especially those in elementary school. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential differences of what influences...
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...foundation for continued growth throughout their careers, as well as in their roles as informed citizens and members of communities. Information literacy is a key component of, and contributor to, lifelong learning. Information literacy competency extends learning beyond formal classroom settings and provides practice with self-directed investigations as individuals move into internships, first professional positions, and increasing responsibilities in all arenas of life. Because information literacy augments students’ competency with evaluating, managing, and using information, it is now considered by several regional and discipline-based accreditation associations as a key outcome for college students. 3 For students not on traditional campuses, information resources are often available through networks and other channels, and distributed learning technologies permit teaching and learning to occur when the teacher and the student are not in the same place at the same time. The challenge for those promoting information literacy in distance education courses is to develop a comparable range of experiences in learning about information resources as are offered on traditional campuses. Information literacy competencies for distance learning students should be comparable to those for "on campus" students. Incorporating information literacy across curricula, in all programs and services, and throughout the administrative life of the university, requires the collaborative efforts of...
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...2.0 Defination Read phonetically Dictionary - View detailed dictionary Government Transformation Programme (GTP) is the blueprint in Malaysia and designed to provide all Malaysians access to improved public services irrespective of race, religion and region. GTP was devised in accordance with the principles of 1Malaysia, People First, Performance Now. 3.0 Objective 1. To transform the Government to be more effective in it delivery of services and accountable for outcomes that matter most to the rakyat. 2. To move Malaysia forward to become an advanced, united, and just society with high standards of living for all. This is in line with the national mission of achieving Vision 2020 – for Malaysia to become a fully developed nation. 4.0 Strategy Dato Seri Najib Tun Razak (Prime Minister of Malaysia) introduced a series of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) in order to measure and improve the efficiency and quality of government services as well as realizing the 1Malaysia concept. KPIs were implemented to ensure the public satisfaction which is they are satisfied or not about the government’s service and whether the government had solved their problems. Dato Seri Najib Tun Razak has identified six major policy areas in which KPIs will play an especially important role in improving the effectiveness of the Malaysian government. These are known as National Key Result Areas (NKRAs). Challenges within each area have been divided into...
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...Human Computer Interaction Contents 1:Human Computer Interaction .....................................................................................................1 2:User's Classification Based on Literacy .....................................................................................1 2.1:Functional Illiterate .....................................................................................................1 2.2:Absolute Illiterate .........................................................................................................1 3:Interfaces for Absolute Illiterate...................................................................................................2 3.1:Visual Aids..............................................................................................................2 3.2:Audible instructions. ...............................................................................................2 3.3:Easy Navigations.....................................................................................................2 3.4: Text Free User Interfaces. ......................................................................................2 3.5:Combination of Visual and Audible instruction......................................................3 4:Recent Works for Illiterate ..........................................................................................................3 4.1:SmartPhone Application for Farmers ....
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...discourage females at higher level. If education does not prevail, the problems of Pakistan will reach at a stage which will make this country very vulnerable. Statically, Pakistan has made reasonable march since independence in many fields including education. Less than one million students were enrolled in schools at the time of independence, and, astonishingly, 12 million school- age children are enrolled. But more than 12 million children are doing job, putting their lives in danger and missing quality education. As a matter of fact, full enrollment at primary education is still not a reality, but a dream. The recent census tallies in China and India show that Pakistan is substantially behind the two large Asian nations. China's literacy rate is near 90% and India has reached 65%. Pakistanis around 50 %, this means we need to do better. Moreover, it's a moment of shame for us, because we have lesser population and are not as huge as China and India .If we look provincially on...
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...Week 4 Assignment Sandra Kemp INF 103 Theodore Fekete Augusta 6, 2012 INTRODUCTION Computer Literacy Computer literacy is defined as the knowledge and ability to use a computer and related technology efficiently, with a range of skills covering levels from elementary use to programming and problem solving. Computer literacy can also refer to the comfort someone has with using the computer and other applications that are associated with the computer. Arthur Luehrmann was one of the first to popularize the term computer literacy, when in 1972, he realized the important role that it would play in the educational environment ( Moursund, 2003). Computers are everywhere, our home, work, and schools. When I think about it my nieces know how to use them better than I do. With everyone having access to a computer these days, you can’t help but wonder if everyone is playing nice. Cyber Bullying is a serious issue in today‘s school and business I think this problem can be solved if people are educated on Netiquette, when cyber bulling happens it is important to document and report the behavior so it can be addressed. Something else we need to think about is making sure our online students are not ‘’flaming each other in a way that can cause damage. Flaming, this is a term that describes an increasingly intense and vicious debates. One way to handle this problem is for instructors to monitor classroom discussion board, and if it appears that a discussion...
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...CE310-01: Childrens Literacy Balanced literacy programs should provide a variety of literacy opportunities for every child in the classroom. This is because not all children learn in the same way and what might work for some may not work for others. Literacy programs should provide the appropriate instruction and support. Some elements of a balanced reading program are as follows: Independent Reading * Reading from personal books * Text is self-selected based on one’s own interests and ability to read * Is for pleasure and fluency practice * Allows access to information even though not on level Independent reading is good for children because it gives them the chance to read things they are interested in as well as work on their reading fluency without any criticism. Independence * The choice to where and what they get to read * Able to read with another student if it is on-task behavior * Requires more teacher monitoring at the start of the year Students may gain more independence when given more time each day to read independently or with another student each day. This is at least until they are able to maintain reading for thirty minutes or more. Conferences * Assessment * Goal setting * Level check * Book selection * Book sharing * Evaluating goals Conferences are a time for teachers to get together with students to do any assessments that may need to be done, as well as check on the student’s level for reading...
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...Essay #1, First Draft English February 12, 2013 Literacy is About Communication, Not Group Loyalty After reading the articles by Stephanie Roach, James Paul Gee, and Lisa Delpit, I find myself agreeing very strongly with Delpit. Roach and Gee both imply that trying to teach a standard type of literacy might be violating the special cultural qualities of poor students and students of color. It’s true that the United States of America is made up of many ethnic and racial groups, and many of them have special ways of thinking and expressing themselves. But the key to success in this country is learning standard literacy, which is common to everybody. You really can’t succeed in America if you don’t first master this common language that we all share. The simple question raised in the famous Newsweek cover article in 1975, “Why Johnny Can’t Write,” was: Are American children learning to write, and if not, where is the problem? This is a simple question, and it cannot be avoided, as Roach does, by accusing the author of that article, Merrill Sheils, of trying to alarm people about something that she doesn’t really prove, using the few examples of bad writing she has in the article. The fact is that American school children don’t write very well, and Roach knows that. Thousands of studies and journal articles since 1975 have confirmed this sad fact. Roach cannot avoid this reality by agreeing with Humpty Dumpty that “words can mean whatever Humpty wants them to mean...
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...Chapter One Questions 1. Computer literate means being able to understand a computers capabilities and limitations, and also knowing how to use a computer. 2. Being computer literate makes you savvy computer user and consumer because it shows you how to avoid hackers and viruses, protects your privacy, understand the real privacy and security risks, use the internet wisely, avoid online annoyances, maintain your computer, make good purchase decisions, and integrate the latest technology. 3. Computer literacy helps you in your career by preparing you for careers in business, retail, shipping, arts, computer gaming, education, law enforcement, legal system, agriculture, automotive technology, medicine, sciences and many other careers. 4. Becoming computer literate helps you understand and take advantage of newly emerging careers because the seven fastest growing occupations are computer related. 5. It helps you deal with challenges associated with technology because mostly everything deals with computers having to know how to use them in order to get your jobs done. Chapter Two Questions 1. Computers are data processing devices. The four main functions of a computer are that gathers data (users input data), processes data into information, outputs data or information, stores data and information. 2. The difference between data and information is that data is representation of a fact, figure, or idea and information is organized, meaningful data. ...
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