...TO: Mrs. Mary Tate DATE: March 12, 2011 TOPIC: Proposed writing course. In response to your earlier memo on providing a guideline for the proposed writing course, I have been able to put together a few points. These points not only answer your questions but, can be evaluated further to create a syllabus for the writing course thus, improve the writing skills of employees. It will further assist in identifying writing weaknesses of GSC employees and thus make writing communication done on the job effective. There are several types of writings done on the job by myself and colleagues here at GSC. All our writings can be classified into formal writings (which are used for both official and record purposes) and, informal writings (used in exchanging personal mails and views of employees.). Formal writings done by employees of GSC on the job include memorandums, emails, policies (also called plan documents), business proposals, questionnaires, company statements, queries, etc. Non-official or informal writings include emails, opinion polls, suggestions, etc. Certain features of a written communication I receive on the job makes me read, understand, remember and act on it. We can classify these as characteristics of a good writing or essentials of a written document. For example, the context of the writing must not only be factual, but must include a clear subject line. It certainly must be practical and not extraneous in nature. For better understanding of the context,...
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...1. Memo format regarding a newly introduced company policy. Notes: • The contest of a memo must be clear and short, not very long. • We start as follows: To: ......................... From: ......................... Subject: ......................... Date: ......................... 2. Meetings: be familiar with guidelines of how to conduct a meeting. 3. Write a business letter to an international organization in the format you have learned. Notes: • For business letter is very important to use the correct format and of course, we must use formal language. 4. Write a cover letter for a job application. Notes: • It will be a job of your preference. • The letter must be brief and not too long 5. Be familiar with the structure of curriculum vitae. 6. Use presentation guidelines to write a mini presentation. Notes: • It will be a motivate presentation for your colleagues, related to the company. • To start the presentation you can say: “Good morning everyone. I would like to present you...... Please feel free to interrupt me in case you.....”. 7. Learn the differences between the different types of reports and the parts of an analytical one. 8. Be able to write a report of an incident. Notes: • Use passive voice, chronological order and formal language. 9. Write a short argumentative essay and remember to use the structure provided as well as to present both sides. Notes: • Always must present the opinion/view...
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...Subject: Using Plain English Plain English is the proper way of writing short memos and emails in the business field. Plain English insures that your message comes across properly and it helps with time control as well. It is faster to type in Plain English and is also more direct so that the reader can understand and follow the concept easier. When writing in Plain English you will also want to use clear and concise nouns in your sentences. This style of writing is specifically important in the business world, due to the need of getting ones thoughts and points across quickly and thoroughly. We cannot afford to write without using Plain English because it can cause miscommunication between associates and colleagues. It is also much more professional looking and more clean cut for the reader to read and understand. Below are a few examples to help you with your Plain English writing skills. • Avoid Nominalizations such as completion, introduction and investigation. • Use personal pronouns in order to help the reader comprehend and it also will allow you to speak directly to them. • Omit Superfluous Words such as, in order to, and prior to. There is no need for superfluous words, just change it to “to” and before”. It gets the point across and cuts down on the reading for your audience. • Be concise! There is no need to beat around the bush on things, just stat what you need your reader to understand, and use Plain English doing it! • Stop and Think! Don’t just start typing...
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...decision to give the donated heart to Jerry. Now, let’s take a look at your draft, starting with a strength. Your presentation of each candidate is clear with a balanced discussion of the pros and cons of each claim. *Jenny 5806136 has requested that you respond to the Main Idea/Thesis: The memorandum should tell the reader exactly what the issue is and give all the essential information in the subject line and in the first sentence of the first paragraph. Your subject and first sentence are too general: * Transplanting Organs * The purpose of this memorandum is to inform you that the recipient of the organ transplant has been chosen. Your memo is not about organ transplants in general; it is about the decision to give a heart to Jerry. What will you say in the subject line to tell your readers exactly what the memo is about? Avoid an announcement style in your first sentence. Instead, state the topic. For example, “The committee has decided to implement three changes to improve the effectiveness of the sales team.” What is the decision that you are informing your readers of? They want to know your main idea—who will receive the organ—before they read your reasons. You can go on to explain the dilemma and the benefits for Jerry and denial of benefits for the other two candidates. I encourage you to inform your readers of the main idea—the decision—in the subject...
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...CONVENIENCE FOR READER: According to Just (2008) it is the duty of drafter/lawyer to make the things clearer to the other party/client and make them understand the things that may appear insignificant at that time. Fox (2002) consider it essential for a lawyer/drafter to have capability to explain the complicated issues and concepts in easy way. Just (2008) suggests gauging the knowledge of other party/client. Author further recommends that not only contract should addressed the issues instead it should also best serve the purpose also. AVOIDING ORTHODOX WRITNG RITUALS Just (2008) criticizes the use of Doublets and Triplets in legal English for making document difficult to read and longer. In Modern practices doublets and triplets are avoided and effort is done to prepare draft of contract in simple & plain English. Praising the plain English Law Reform Commission of Victoria in Butt and Castle (2006) reveals that it is not deliberately complicated but effective and clear for parties. In addition to this plain language has another advantage that it ensures non-expert readers to fully understand the issue. According to Just (2008)...
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... [pic] First year English module M1 (CEF: B1) Windesheim Business School Authors: Dinand Warringa, Marianne van Vlierden, Ellen Keates August 2014, revised 1. Introduction For you, personally, the question is whether or not your English meets the requirements demanded of a student in Higher Education. In terms of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEF) this means this module aims at reaching the B1 level of proficiency in Business English. However, regardless of your previous field of study, no exemption will be granted for following the Start-Up English module as we thoroughly prepare you for all other Business English modules you may have in the future. The module consists of seven two-hour lessons in which you will be able to display your language skills: reading, writing, listening and speaking. Whether or not you have the necessary knowledge to meet the required level of proficiency will be tested in a written (multiple choice) examination during the exam period. The final grade must be at least 5.5 for you to be awarded the 2 credits available for this module. Again, this module serves as the starting point for all English courses at the Windesheim Business School, irrespective of your field of study. We believe it is of vital importance to not only acquire passive language skills but also practise and acquire active skills in English. Make sure that you actively participate in the English classes to prepare yourself for the final...
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...Level 1: Self-Assessment—Nouns Use the following self-assessment exercises to improve your knowledge of and power over English grammar, mechanics, and usage. Review all of Section 1.1 in the Handbook of Grammar, Mechanics, and Usage that appears at the end of this book. Answers to these exercises appear on page AK-1. For items 1–5, indicate which words are common nouns and which are proper nouns. 1. Give the balance sheet to Melissa. Common noun: Sheet Proper noun: Melissa 2. After three years of declining sales, the board fired the CEO and hired a replacement from Google. Common noun: years, sales, board, CEO, replacment Proper noun: Google 3. Tarnower Corporation donates a portion of its profits to charity every year. Common noun: donates, profits, year Proper noun: Tarnower Corporation 4. Which aluminum bolts are packaged? Common noun: bolts Proper noun: 5. Please send the Joneses a dozen of each of the following: stopwatches, canteens, headbands, and wristbands. Common noun: following, stopwatches, canteens, headbands, wristbands Proper noun: Joneses In items 6–10, underline the subjects and circle the objects. 6. The technician has already repaired the machine for the client. 7. An attorney will talk to the group about incorporation. 8. After her vacation, the buyer prepared a third-quarter budget. 9. More than 90 percent of the research staff has contributed to the new wiki. 10. Accuracy overrides speed in importance. For items 11–15...
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...ENGLISH ONLY COURT CASES INVOLVING THE U.S. WORKPLACE: THE MYTHS OF LANGUAGE USE AND THE HOMOGENIZATION OF BILINGUAL WORKERS’ IDENTITIES KARI GIBSON University of Hawai‘i Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act protects against discrimination in employment on the basis of race, color, sex, religion and national origin. However when the judicial system has examined English only workplace policies in light of Title VII, it has generally determined that such policies are not discriminatory if an employee is able to speak English. Although plaintiffs have argued that language is inextricably linked to national origin and cultural identity, the courts have stated that the use of a language other than English is detrimental to the morale of monolingual English speakers and a single language is necessary to ensure workplace harmony and proper management. This paper examines the court cases where English Only workplace policies have been challenged, and identifies the prevalent myths and ideologies held by businesses and the courts about language use, identity, and bilingual speakers. Through the process of homogeneism, linguistic diversity is rejected as monolingual English speakers are able to create and enforce rules that favor themselves as they construct the identity of “American” in their own image. Language is a central feature of human identity. When we hear someone speak, we immediately make guesses about gender, education level, age, profession, and place of origin....
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...English-E11-12 7/27/07 2:24 PM Page 1 Ministry of Education The Ontario Curriculum Grades 11 and 12 English Printed on recycled paper 07-003 ISBN 978-1-4249-4741-6 (Print) ISBN 978-1-4249-4742-3 (PDF) ISBN 978-1-4249-4743-0 (TXT) © Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 2007 2007 REVISED CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 Secondary Schools for the Twenty-first Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Importance of Literacy, Language, and the English Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Principles Underlying the English Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Roles and Responsibilities in English Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . THE PROGRAM IN ENGLISH 3 3 4 5 9 Overview of the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Curriculum Expectations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Strands in the English Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION OF STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT Basic Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...Introduction to Literature‐I (History of English Literature‐I) Discipline English Cr. Hrs 3 Semester I Aims: One of the objectives of this course is to inform the readers about the influence of historical and socio-cultural events upon the production of literature. Although the scope of the course is quite expansive, the readers shall focus on early 14th to 19th century Romantic Movement. Histories of literature written by some British literary historians will be consulted to form some socio-cultural and political cross connections. In its broader spectrum, the course covers a reference to the multiple factors from economic theories to religious, philosophical and metaphysical debates that overlap in these literary works of diverse nature and time periods under multiple contexts. The reading of literature in this way i.e. within the sociocultural context will help the readers become aware of the fact that literary works are basically a referential product of the practice that goes back to continuous interdisciplinary interaction. Contents: • Medieval Period • Renaissance and Reformation • Elizabethan Period • Milton, the Metaphysical, and the Cavalier Poets • The Age of Reason and Neo-Classicism • Restoration Drama • Augustan Satire • The Rise of the Novel • Romanticism Recommended Readings: 1. Long, William J.: English Literature: Its History and Significance for the life of English speaking world, enlarged edition, 2006. 2. Evans, Ifor. A Short History of English Literature. London:...
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...THE ORIGINS AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE This page intentionally left blank THE ORIGINS AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE SIXTH EDITION ± ± John Algeo ± ± ± ± ± Based on the original work of ± ± ± ± ± Thomas Pyles Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States The Origins and Development of the English Language: Sixth Edition John Algeo Publisher: Michael Rosenberg Development Editor: Joan Flaherty Assistant Editor: Megan Garvey Editorial Assistant: Rebekah Matthews Senior Media Editor: Cara Douglass-Graff Marketing Manager: Christina Shea Marketing Communications Manager: Beth Rodio Content Project Manager: Corinna Dibble Senior Art Director: Cate Rickard Barr Production Technology Analyst: Jamie MacLachlan Senior Print Buyer: Betsy Donaghey Rights Acquisitions Manager Text: Tim Sisler Production Service: Pre-Press PMG Rights Acquisitions Manager Image: Mandy Groszko Cover Designer: Susan Shapiro Cover Image: Kobal Collection Art Archive collection Dagli Orti Prayer with illuminated border, from c. 1480 Flemish manuscript Book of Hours of Philippe de Conrault, The Art Archive/ Bodleian Library Oxford © 2010, 2005 Wadsworth, Cengage Learning ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including...
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...Memorandum To: Professor Sandra Moses From: Business Communication Team 1 Date: September 22, 2014 Subject: Asian Business Culture Please review this memo to prepare yourself for interaction with business partners in China, Thailand and Japan. Introduction Engaging in any business transaction such as meetings, striking a deal or even just exchanging contact information is to be done with a great deal of tolerance for the Asian culture. It is important to remember to be aware and follow some simple guidelines that will be outlined first. It is significant that these rules be followed use simple English, speaking slowly and enunciate, check frequently for their comprehension, observe eye messages, and accept blame if there is a misunderstanding. Practice etiquette by listening without interruption, smile when appropriate, and follow up every meeting in writing to ensure understanding and show appreciation. Asian Culture Chinese business partners will present themselves much like Japanese and Thailand partners. They will have a quiet demeanor that lacks little emotion. Expect the asian business partners to move slowly compared to our pace. Chinese and Japanese business meetings are conducted with patience and will often have long pauses. In Japan business is male dominated and should be conducted very diplomatically. All three countries have a strong sense of hierarchy. It is important to address individuals with their full name and title in both China and Japan,...
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...Seeing the finish line just in my reach has made me look back on the things I have learned. In addition to learning new techniques, I have learned different methods. Though I will miss this class I feel it would be a waste if didn’t continue to perfect my writing style. First, I will like to reflect upon my first week in English. After contracting a nasty cold and didn’t want to do anything but stay in bed; I decided if I missed one assignment who will care. You gave me multiple chances to turn the assignment in and that is when I realized I needed to suck it up. Now I see a zero for that assignment and it reminds me how you reached out and I should not have taken that for granted. Furthermore, this will be something I will take with...
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...Webb Mullin Mrs. Nugent English II September 18, 2012 Contents of a Dead Man’s Pocket Jack Finney starts off the story with Tom Benecke sitting at a desk in the living room of his eleventh floor apartment, typing a memo for work. His wife Clare is preparing to go to the movies alone. With difficulty, Tom opens a stubborn window, and a gust of wind blows his paper out of the window onto a ledge. We see how Finney casually introduces that his apartment is on the eleventh floor of the building, in the great city of New York. Before you even begin reading the story, you get an eerie feeling just from the title of the short story. Then when you begin to read the story, and he introduces the setting and the 11th floor apartment so nonchalantly, you begin to get a feeling of suspense. Finney continues on with Tom seeing Clare off, and him explaining he must work rather than go with her, in the hopes of bettering himself at work. While the door to the apartment is open for Clare to leave, a current of air from the hallway enters the apartment. It blows a sheet of paper out the window, landing it on a ledge below, out of his reach. The paper contains all the data Tom needs for his memo proposing a new grocery-store display method. ]He reasons it would be simple to retrieve the sheet of paper from the ledge, compared to all the work he has put into it. At this point in the story, things begin to pick up, building the sense of suspense. Now that we know he is going to go out onto...
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...Case Study 3 (Memo Form) Date: 10/17/2011 Sender: Will Shih Recipient: VPHR Subject: Employee Profile on Mark Chan Personal: Family Member (close-knit): 1. Spouse—Linda Chan (married for almost 8 years, home maker, previously a private banker) 2. Children—2 (ages from pre-school to elementary school) 3. Pet—an Old English sheepdog (large breed, requires big space for exercise) Living Condition: 1. Fairly wealthy 2. Less than 1 hour away from the workplace 3. Good relationships in the local community (Implied) Personality/Values: 1. Achievement-orientated 2. Challenge-driven 3. Family-focused 4. High interest of different cultures 5. Great analytical & communicative skills Religion: Christianity Personal Hobby: Cars (currently own 2 cars—a Jaguar & a Triumph) Parents: the mother-in-law in Singapore needs to be taken care of Career: Year - 6 – Year 0 (Prior to Energem) Employer: A Japanese consulting company at the Singapore branch Countries traveled: Japan, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam & Malaysia Job description: 1. Helped foreign companies scout/evaluate M&A opportunity in Asia. 2. Negotiated and closed various M&A deals. Year 1 (in Energem, Singapore branch) Job Title: Marketing Manager in Specialty Chemical Division (Level 4) Region Covered: South-East Asian Year 2 – Year 3 Job Title: M&A Manager & Analyst (Group...
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