...are involved in making gestures and how gestures carry meanings. A wide range of body parts are involved in making a gesture. According to David Mcneill, the physical movements acquire meaning by iconics, metaphorics, deictics, and beats. The project also discovers an etymological way to connect gestures to Chinese vocabulary. Based on the findings, the project further develops some guidelines to design gestures for teaching Chinese. They are making easy movements, identifying teaching content, making gestures understandable to your students, and applying gestures into teaching. In the end, the project applies the guidelines in designing activities for teaching Chinese pronunciation, vocabulary, character, and culture. Keywords: guidelines, gestures, teaching Chinese, kinesics, linguistics 1. Introduction 2.1 Background Gestures are common body movements: teachers instruct with gestures, referees in soccer game use gestures, people greet each other with gestures. Then what are gestures? Generally speaking, gestures are body movements which accompany and even sometimes replace verbal language. Because of its intimacy with language, it has attracted the people’s attention since Greek and Roman era. People back then treated gestures for the purpose of art. Not until modern times did scientific research emerge and shed lights on understanding the physical components of gestures and how gestures carry meanings. (Kennon 2004, 90) Adam Kennon and David Mcneill, two authoritative...
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...Dr. King. The basic medium of the text was an oral speech that was broadcast by both loudspeakers at the event and over radio and television. Dr. King drew on years of training as a minister and public speaker to deliver the speech. He also drew on his extensive education and the tumultuous history of racial prejudices and civil rights in the US. Audiences at the time either heard his speech in person or over radio or television broadcasts. Part of the speech near the end was improvised around the repeated phrase “I have a dream.” Author http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/625/08/ Page 1 of 9 Purdue OWL: The Rhetorical Situation 9/11/13 7:53 PM Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was the most iconic leader of the American Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s. He was an African-American Baptist minister and prominent civil rights activist who campaigned to end segregation and racial discrimi- nation. He gained inspiration from Howard Thurman and Mahatma Gandhi, and he drew extensively from a deep, rich...
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...Running head: ENGLISH-ONLY DEBATE PAPER English-Only Debate Paper Anne-Cecile Grundy Grand Canyon University ESL 523N September 26, 2010 Abstract English language learners are a very heterogeneous and complex group of children, with diverse gifts, educational needs, backgrounds, languages, and goals. They are the fastest growing section of the student population in schools and offer challenges and opportunities to the American education. In this study, the writer will explore the arguments of both sides of the English-only issue, which started decades ago and is still very active today. Emphasis will be placed on the comparison and contrast of the positions presented by advocates and opponents of the English-only debate and will be supported with state’ voter-driven initiatives and laws relating to English language learners. English-Only Debate Paper In the eighteen century, education in the United States was provided in different languages: German, Dutch, French or Swedish. After World War I, when German was a proscribed language, the American population started to think about an education solely in English. However, until 1968, the language policies were left to the discretion of the school, church, city, or state. At this time, the federal government dictated how the non-English-speaking students should be taught, and therefore, started a very controversial debate in the public education sector (Porter, 1998). “In September 1995, Representative John T. Doolittle...
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...Jacqueline Garza English 3 Mrs. Dickinson May 8, 2013 Body Language Nonverbal communication is the language expressed by all aspects of your body. Although it is not a language in the formal definition of the word, nonverbal communication takes the functional form of a language, as it allows a person to communicate large amounts of information. Physical appearance, voice and movement all belong to the category of communication known as nonverbal communication Research Paper Topics on Nonverbal Communication | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/info_8244329_research-paper-topics-nonverbal-communication.html#ixzz2Qjn6yzfO The purpose of this research paper is to explore and assess various areas of non-verbal communication which we as human beings utilize. Throughout this research paper, I shall identify and analyze various aspects of human communication, especially as understood through non-verbal communication, and/or body language. There exists many ways in which human beings may communicate. Non-verbal communication may be understood as the transfer of information between persons without the use of words. Non-verbal communication takes place by means of facial expres- sions, head movements, body positions and acts, tones of voice, clothing, and even odor. People need not be conscious of sending a message in order to communicate non-verbally, although some people, such as actors, politicians, and sales persons, make deliberate use of non-verbal communication...
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...present throughout the movie as Todd, works through the language barrier and is introduced to a new culture, values and rituals. In this paper, nonverbal communication demonstrated in the movie is analyzed and discussed as it relates the research of Argyle (1988), Archer (1997), et al. Adler (2011) defines nonverbal communication as messages expressed through non-linguistic means. Research has shown that in communication, the verbal content only is only responsible for 7% of the message, while vocal cues such as pitch and intonation account for 38%, and facial expression an overwhelming 55% (Mehrabian, 1968). Nonverbal communication can be performed through facial expressions, proximity, and body movements. Argyle (1988) describes the five primary functions of Nonverbal Behavior – 1) Expression of Emotion, 2) Communication of Interpersonal Attitudes, 3) Accompany and Support Speech, 4) Self-Presentation, 5) Rituals. In the movie Outsourced (2006), examples of each of these functions of nonverbal behavior are observed. The face plays a particularly important role in showing emotion. Ekman (1982) classified facial expressions of emotion into six categories: happiness, surprise, fear, sadness, anger, and disgust/contempt. Throughout the movie Outsourced (2006) emotions were expressed by the characters through their facial expressions, body movements, and voice. Early in the movie, Todd visits the Indian...
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...First of all, I think that education is the best opportunity for people with an immigrant background to learn English and to integrate into the American society. Speaking the language of the country is the first step to integrate foreigners, and by consequence, immigrants. I chose the Hispanic community because it is one of the largest community living in the United States; the other one is the African-American community. Besides, in terms of bilingualism it is interested to study the relationship between Spanish and English as they involved in the same environment and how both Americans and Hispanics interact with those two languages. At least, I chose California not only because I had to restrain the geographical limits of my subject but...
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...Press 1 for English…. Press 2 for Spanish… Why English Should Be Declared the Official Language of the Unites States of America Declaring English as the official language of the United States is a very controversial issue. We have one flag, one government, however no official language. Making English the official language would unite all Americans, no matter the race, creed, culture, heritage or ancestry. In 1907, US President Theodore Roosevelt wrote, “We have room for but one language in this country, and that is the English language, for we intend to see that the crucible turns our people out as Americans, of American nationally and not dwellers in a polyglot boarding house” (English-only movement/Wikipedia). There were as many as twenty different languages that could be heard around the time of our founding fathers. Today, there are presently three hundred twenty nine languages in the United States (US Census 2010). Immigrants of many nationalities have built our nation. Just look our nations motto, E pluribus Unum, (Latin meaning – out of many, one) which was adapted by the committee of Congress on July 4, 1776 to design “a seal for the United States of America”, which is carried by the American eagle. The nation has but one flag which we “pledge our allegiance to the flag of the United States of America and to the republic for which it stands, one nation, under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all” (MacAuthur). However, 236 years later the...
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...English I Brodsky Holocaust Research Paper For this assignment you will select a research topic from the list below, create a thesis and write a 2-4 page paper, that explains how indifference inspired the journey or impacted the life of the person or group you are researching. Research Procedure: 1. Choose your topic from the list provided. 2. Research your topic, creating source cards for all sources consulted and note cards (total of 50). We will have 3 days in the library, but you will need to do some research on your own as well. 3. Write a strong working thesis statement to be submitted. 4. Create a sentence outline for your paper, following the format provided. 5. Write the rough draft of your paper, following the outline and using note cards. 6. Peer edit the rough draft with a classmate 7. Turn in final paper to turnitin.com and submit all research work Requirements: -At least 4 different sources, 2 databases, 1 book and 1 other. -An annotated source card for every source consulted -At least 50 note cards with notes from your research. At least 20 of those note cards should have direct quotes -A working thesis statement -A sentence outline -A 2-4 page research paper -A formal MLA works cited page (using the main sources from your source cards) Library Dates: Period 4- 11/18, 11/20, 11/26 Period 5- 11/18, 11/19, 11/25 Topic Ideas Survivors of Genocide Righteous Gentiles Danish Boat Resuce Chambon sur Lignon- Village in France Jewish Resistance...
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...Schwartz Final Paper - Draft 7/16/12 Professor Hoge English 1020 Animal Rights Activism: A Domestic Terror Threat Throughout the past two decades, extreme animal rights groups have claimed responsibility for hundreds of crimes and acts of terrorism, including arson, bombings, vandalism, burglary, animal release, and harassment. These crimes have caused damage costing more than one hundred million dollars. While some activists have been captured, animal rights terrorism cells, are extremely difficult to identify and most of the attacks remain unsolved. Although it has been overshadowed by Islamic terrorist threats since September 11, animal rights terrorism still remains one of the United State’s most active terrorist movements. This paper intends to explore the Animal Rights terrorist movement and prove that Animal Rights activists pose a significant domestic terror threat. An increasing number of terrorist activity in the United States has been carried out in the name of animal protection. Although no one has been killed in an attack, the increasingly violent nature of attacks suggests that someone will be proclaimed dead before long. Beginning in the 1970s, hundreds of groups in the United States have advocated for much stricter legal protection for animals. Change has been slow but incremental. Some activists have become frustrated by the pace of legislation, and have become violent. This violence has created an underground terrorist movement to combat...
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...Teaching English to Young Learners: How They Learn and the Pedagogical Implication Rojab Siti Rodliyah (rojab.siti@gmail.com) UPI Bandung There is now a growing tendency among Indonesian people to introduce English to children starting from the early age, through either formal or informal education. This can be seen from the mushrooming of bilingual and international schools where English is used as the language of instruction as well as the increasing number of English courses aimed especially for children. Sometimes people hold a misconception regarding teaching English for young learners, in which they believe that the earlier the kids learn a foreign language, the better it will be. As a matter of fact, this assumption is not completely true. Only when handled with care will the teaching of foreign language to young learners succeed as expected. Otherwise, this will not gain a significant effect on children’s language development. This paper will elaborate some principles on how young learners learn a foreign language, which should be the foundation of the way the teaching English to young learners is conducted. Some theories on how children learn will be drawn on, followed by a discussion on the pedagogical implications. This paper is expected to give insights to English teachers in general and teachers of English for young learners in particular, about the importance of taking into account the aspects related to the way young learners learn in designing their teaching...
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...Dexter Mickens HCA500 Research Paper Introduction In the world today many of the medical issues that exist are met through the implementation of the Health Care System. This research paper will explore the topic of stuttering and its influence on individuals, and also how Health Care affects those with this speech disorder. “Stuttering is a communication disorder in which individuals have involuntary disruption to the fluency of their speech”. Research Problem/Statement The goal of this research paper is to gain insight as to both the causes and possible treatments for speech disorders like stuttering. Also to determine how other individuals who may speak other languages may be influenced by speech disorders. The research that will be conducted will also analyze the social side effects of stuttering like bullying and social anxiety. Literature Review The literature review that was conducted by utilizing the several databases and journal articles found through Kings College EBSO Host database along with other full text databases. Stuttering is a speech disorder that usually is noticed when an individual is still a child. Signs of stuttering in most individuals tend to disappear as the individual ages. Stuttering “occurs most often in children between the ages of 2 and 5… Most children outgrow stuttering. About 1 percent or less of adults stutters”. Stuttering usually develops while an individual is learning to develop their language skills, but can also develop through...
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...Basic HTML view dpw2094@email.vccs.edu De-Andria Woodberry Mail COMPOSE Labels Inbox Starred Important Sent Mail Drafts (1) More -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Collapse Hangouts Something's not right. We're having trouble connecting to Google. We'll keep trying... More 2 of 107 Not starred Not starred Attachment Not starred Not starred ...
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...number and simple in form. Nevertheless, they have a great many senses. SP is not only applied to describe the spatial relationship, but also applied to organize other grammar structure. Therefore, at the initial stage of learning English, SP is always the vital category of words that English learners have to comprehend. However, these limited and simple words are used (use) in the expression of foundational spatial meaning and abstract meaning. Learners can easily understand the meaning of up in get up but not in time is up. This is because the common and normal way learners used (use) to comprehend English is to find the “semantic equivalent”. A Chinese learner can understand the former one while they find a semantic equivalent “qi” in their mother language, but the latter one’s (one) is empty. According to the “semantic equivalence hypothesis” by Ijaz (1986), learners always intend to copy all grammar and communication function, except for pronunciation and spelling. From the linguistics aspect, learner can hardly find a precise substitute in their mother language. Therefore, how to master the use of SP efficiently becomes a challenge for English learners. In the view of traditional schools of linguists, the mean of words are arbitrary (Saussure,**), that is to say, the various meanings of SP and their various collocations with other classes of words are ruleless and idiomatic. Thus, English classroom teachers merely regard SP as a class of polysemous words and list the meanings...
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...Communication Theory Paper Kumoia Dorsey HCS/230 February 13, 2012 Terri DeWess Volunteering at Sebring Radiation Center in Sebring, Florida has showed me many different communication types. Working here you will experience different cultures, colors, backgrounds, ages, genders, and beliefs. There are many different types of communication and sometimes it would cause problems within the building. I have found out that formal communication, informal communication, verbal, and nonverbal communication play a big part in communication at Sebring Radiation Center. Communication involves a sender that is sending a message to a receiver that will get a message in return. Verbal communication is used the most at Sebring Radiation Center through face to face talking. Face to face communication is the way many people communicate with one another. When using verbal communication it allows contact between patients and office staff (nurses, physicians, front desk workers, etc). Verbal communication doesn’t only come throughout the mouth but also through reactions, sounds, and movements. Using language communication with the patients is the key throughout your business life. The patients age range from babies to people entering their late 90’s. As I walk into this building daily, I see people talking face to face. Sometimes seeing family members have a conversation, coworkers talking among themselves or patients talking to the employees bring joy to my heart. Language communication...
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...The private roots of public participation: Women’s engagement in democratic politics in Pakistan Dissertation – MA Gender and Development Marion R. Mueller, September 2004 Abstract This paper contributes to the discussion about the involvement of women as decision-makers in democratic political processes. It questions the conditions that are necessary to promote such involvement and that open up spaces for the translation of women’s representation into political influence. The context of the devolution of power process in Pakistan shows that it is not enough to only set up democratic institutions to achieve women’s political effectiveness. Instead there is need for significant support through the state, political parties and civil society. To personalise the political is necessary for successfully being able to achieve policy outcomes that reflect women’s interests. Table of contents Abbreviations & Foreign Words 4 List of Figures and Tables 5 Acknowledgements 6 1. Introduction 7 Choice of case study 8/ Methodology 9/ Dissertation structure 10 2. Locating women’s engagement in democratisation 11 3. Imagining the political: women and the nature of the state 16 The framework of the state 16/ Defining access: affirmative action policies in Pakistan 16/ Devolving power to the grassroots 18/ Personalising the political: the presence of women councillors 20 4. Institutionalising the political:...
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