...this wonderful new development through investment that will be a trickle down effect to community * underdvelepment countries have to provide incentive for corps to go to their country * 1940 unlimited scale and new chemicals at virtually no cost * petrochemical era grew - > pose hazard, but they were all trivial and anecotocal * a body of data starting accumulating -> synthetic chemicals -> air water, cancer, birth defects, and other toxic affects * most industries knew about it and attempted to trivialized these risks * it’s a crime to take a gun and shoot you, but its not if I expose u to chemicals that are going to kill you because it takes longer to kill you * we are in a major cancer epidemic - > industry is largely responsible for overwehleomg ep of cancer ½ men get cancer 1/3 women get caner in their life time * rbgh gien to cows since FDA decalred it safe - > heart lng idsney spleen...
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...Economics Discussion how a Epidemic can affect a country's economy The countries involved in an epidemic will immediately suffer in a population crisis where the average age of mortality decreases. More children will be born dead or carrying the TB at a very early stage. Countries that were mentioned in the context are most of them developing countries for instance India, Indonesia and South Africa. Poor average education and high unemployment are huge percent numbers in these countries and a epidemic could cause even more problems with the labor in a country if adults are dying. Result of these problems will eventually lead to a non-consumed agricultural resources since the eventual transmission of knowledge will fail in shortage of both labor and competent people. A starvation will break out due the shortage of food. The development of social and economical aspects will also decrease or stop completely. Progresses involving better healthcare and greater survival number of babies will suffer also suffer from epidemics. Possibilities of helping people will also become completely removed because of the shortage of competent staff and economical issues. The level of education will also decrease due the financial problems, schools will shut down and bad teacher salaries will not attract as many students becoming teachers because of the tough education. Regular working man and women will also have to quite their jobs to take care of their sick/infected relatives...
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...The 1967 United Kingdom foot-and-mouth outbreak was a major outbreak of foot and mouth disease in the United Kingdom. The only centre of the disease, in contrast to the three concentrated areas in the 2001 crisis, was on the Wales border with Shropshire.[1] France and other EU countries were also affected by the crisis.[ Background There were three official inquires into the foot-and-mouth epidemics and the Government’s response in the fifty years prior to the 1967 outbreak. These occurred in 1922, 1923-1924, and 1953.[2] In the 1950s, there was a substantial outbreak across the United Kingdom. Of the thirteen years leading up to the 1967 outbreak, there were only two years that there was no reported outbreak.[2] During this period, foot-and-mouth was prevalent across Europe. Outbreak In October 1967, a farmer from Bryn Farm in the county of Shropshire, concerned by the health of one of their sows, sought veterinary advice and the animal was found to have contracted foot-and-mouth disease. Bryn Farm was immediately put into quarantine and general animal movement was banned. The virus rapidly spread to the nearby Ellis Farm. Two cows from the latter had already been sent to market, leaving the farmers in a vulnerable position.[3] In the following months, over 2,364 outbreaks were detected in the United Kingdom.[4] Ninety-four percent of the cases occurred in North-West Midlands and North Wales.[2] Reports The Minister for Agriculture, Frederick Peart, appointed a committee...
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...children advertiser then began to pay attention on it too. After symbolic advertising strategy were widely used, the message of all advertising were involving distinctive or “cool”, and the children or adult were rather to choose produce base on its coolness than its characteristics. The food has already become a social tool for interrelationship development and self recognization. However, the word “cool” can be defined in a broad ways, it also can be misused in the wrong area and provide inappropriate implication to people. For example, using cool in junk food related advertisement, so younger people will misinterpret that consuming junk food is a cool way to express themselves. After eating too much high calorie food products, the global epidemic disease, obesity starts to bring extreme harm to junior people. To prevent this high risk disease spread, actions need to be performed by well studied the effectiveness of the symbolic...
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...1. Briefly define the disease and its natural history. Be sure to include the following: presenting symptoms and outbreak characteristics. Anthrax is an infectious disease caused by a gram positive, rod-shaped bacteria called Bacillus anthracis. It can be found naturally in soil. There are 4 types of anthrax, cutaneous, inhalation, gastrointestinal, and injection. Cutaneous anthrax develops when a person handles infected animals or animal products and is the most common form on anthrax. Inhalation anthrax develops when a person breathes in the anthrax spores. It is considered the most deadly and infection usually develops within a week after exposure. Gastrointestinal anthrax occurs when a person eats raw or undercooked meat from an infected animal. It affects the upper GI and has rarely been reported. Injection anthrax has recently been identified in heroin-injecting drug users in northern Europe but hasn’t been reported in the U.S yet. How do we get infected you ask? The Bacillus anthracis produce spores that are dormant and live in the soil. The spores get into the body of an animal (breath in or in-gest spores from contaminated soil, plants or water) or person (breath in, eat or drink the animals that are contaminated with it or drink water) and can get activated. Once acti-vated they become anthrax and spread throughout the body and cause serious illness or death. Symptoms for each of the types are as follows: Cutaneous anthrax-group of small itchy blisters...
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...Salmonella Enteritidis Without food, we could die, but unhygienic and contaminated food can also lead to death through dangerous infections. Currently, parts of the United States are facing an outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis. The outbreak is prevalent in Minnesota and the Center for Disease Surveillance, in conjunction with the Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service are doing assessments that may reveal its sources. The region has experienced at least three cases of Salmonella Enteritidis that have turned fatal. Other two cases have led to hospitalization. The people who succumbed to death because of the illness had eaten cordon bleu stuffed chicken from Antioch Farms produced by Aspen Foods (CDC, 2015). Salmonella Enteritidis is mostly transmitted through contaminated food products, especially chicken-related foods. The current outbreak is attributed to raw, stuffed, and pre-browned chicken products. Gast et al., (2014) also asserts that the illness emanates from chicken products such as contaminated eggs and commercial laying flocks. The researchers also state flock-housing systems can influence the propagation and persistence of foodborne pathogens among commercial laying flocks. Experiments show that Salmonella Enteritidis spreads horizontally across laying flocks in a manner that is similar to how they spread in an enriched. The poultry-related salmonellosis is a significant public health issue in the United States and myriad European nations...
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...Obesity Epidemic Obesity is an epidemic in the U.S and it is taking over our population. One in three adults becomes obese and obesity can cause heart disease, cancer and diabetes. However, this epidemic does not only target adults but children as well. Obesity begins with children and can be found in children as young as newborns. According to Alison Motluk, “The problem starts young. One-Third of U.S secondary-school students fail to get enough physical activity and over a tenth get none at all, according to recent figures from the Centers for Disease Control in Atlanta, Georgia”(563). The big question is how are our kids becoming obese at such a young age? They consume more calories than they burn, and do less physical activity but why? Well, let’s think about it this way, who feeds the children, who is supposed to take the children for a walk, and who takes the children out to eat? Parents have a lot of control over their children, and to a great extent they are the responsible ones for their kids being obese. Children are like a sponge they observe everything we do. They see their parents so caught up with their tablets, smart phones, lap tops, and iPods that they do the same. First, they ask for these gadgets and parents think they are doing a good thing by buying these items for children at such a young age. Parents do not think of the long term damage they are doing to their children. The children start focusing on theses gadgets and soon they are trading a basketball...
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...Irma Serrata Julie Garza-Horne ENGL-1302-3705 03/06/2016 On March 6, 2016, The New York Times published Katharine Seelye’s “Heroin Epidemic Increasingly Seeps Into Public View”. It states that finally people are finally starting to notice heroin users and they’re overdosing in public places everywhere. Police officers are routinely finding drug users — unconscious or dead — in cars, in the bathrooms of fast-food restaurants, on mass transit and in parks, hospitals and libraries (Seelye). It’s an epidemic. In Philadelphia last spring, a man riding a city bus at rush hour injected heroin into his hand, in full view of other passengers, including one who captured the scene on video (Seelye). Users need the fix as quickly as they can get it,” said Edward James Walsh, chief of police in Taunton, Mass., a city 40 miles south of here that has been plagued with heroin overdoses in recent years. “The physical and psychological need is so great for an addict that they will use it at the earliest opportunity” (Seelye). It was all over the media. You can watch the video over and over, the man shooting himself up and just falling over. Nationally, 125 people a day die from overdosing on heroin and painkillers, and many more are revived, brought back from the brink of death — often in full public view (Seelye). In Cincinnati, a woman died in January after she and her husband overdosed in their baby’s room at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center. The husband was found unconscious...
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...An American Epidemic Every time I turn my television or computer on I am always looking at an advertisement about weight loss. All of the diet pills, crash diet regimens, and exercise equipment have had my head spinning and it really got me to thinking. America has an obesity epidemic. No diet pills or crash diets are going to help this epidemic; sure some of the exercise equipment will if you use it regularly and correctly. The only way we can stop the obesity is by educating ourselves and learning how to eat healthy and maintain a healthy lifestyle for a healthier life. America has an obesity epidemic, and the only way we can cease the obesity across the nation is by learning to eat healthy and learning how to maintain the habits to live a healthy lifestyle. Obesity is no longer a weight problem it is a health problem. Several diseases are now linked to obesity: diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol and stroke. (American Heart Association 2008) Obesity is due to the intake of too many calories and lack of exercise. Body fat determines obesity and if the Body Mass Index is greater than 30.0 then it is considered an obese weight. Body Mass Index is determined by multiplying your weight by 703, divide by height in inches, and then divide by height again in inches.(American Heart Association 2008) When eating you should always remember to eat enough calories for your specific age, weight, and height...
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...Epidemics in America Since the proclamation by John Winthrop, the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, that America should view herself as a "city upon a hill", Americans have strived to create a utopian society (Brinkley, 40). Winthrop viewed America as God's country, a place where the troubles of Europe and the rest of the world would not be repeated. This ideal is still valued by American society, yet it has prevented Americans from accepting the notion that an epidemic could strike their own country. Epidemics in the Modern World by Joann P. Krieg examines American society's reaction to the outbreak of epidemics in this country. Krieg threads the theme of American Romanticism throughout her work, as she explores the reactions of politicians, literary figures, and society in general to the outbreak of disease. Krieg also gives some biological information on the diseases that have haunted the American utopia. While this potpourri of information creates a valuable source for one studying the social effects of disease, its extensive discussion on literary topics becomes long-winded and irrelevant. Krieg explores the outbreak of five American epidemics: smallpox, cholera, yellow fever, TB, and AIDS. While reactions to each were different, Krieg shows that American Romanticism, the notion that "it couldn't happen to us", was prevalent in each of society's reactions to these epidemics. American Romanticism limited the swiftness to which the government, as well...
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...In 80s and 90s the crack epidemic took over the ghetto world and played a big role in developing hip hop music. Black Americans even sung about it in their songs. Drug dealers distributed crack in black neighborhoods and got them involved into that business. For African Americans it was a way to earn money and get out of ghetto. Especially back then when they were discriminated. So, the crack epidemic and hip hop back in 80s and 90s went hand in hand. It was very interesting to read the "Dark Alliance". I found out a lot of interesting staff of which I didn't know before. Of course, not every black american was involved in drug distribution and consumption. There were the ones who worked hard to pursue their dreams; however, there were more people who consumed and distributed than those who didn't. Rappers raped about it in their songs. The song "White Lines" describes how at parties MC and other party people consumed it. MC also tells us about his feelings and illusions he had. Once, people get involved into the crack epidemic, it is hard to stop. Also in the song, MC tells that every time you want it more and more. So, the dosage increases and money decreases. Some still suffer from the crack epidemic. People who used to party and play cool are now addicts who just think about getting drugs. The Crack Epidemic brought violence and sickness. People on crack are not stable and can think straight. As a consequence they are more violent and uncontrollable. People also become sick...
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...property must not become overemphasized at the expense of human life. There is a delicate balance between the human rights of HIV/AIDS sufferers and the economic, political, and human rights of corporate citizens to protect intellectual property within the pharmaceutical industry. This essay intends to answer the six questions related to the In-Depth Integrative Case 1.2 and highlight the global rights conflict of between a developing country’s fight to confront the AIDS epidemic and intellectual property protection. Delicate Balance Of Intellectual Property And Access To Medication Introduction When the South African Medicines Act was introduced it quickly resulted in battle lines being drawn between patent rights and public health. While all parties acknowledged the scope of the AIDS crisis, how to go about solving the problem became the subject of significant moral and legal debate (Halbert, 2012). Case Study Review In the case study Pharmaceutical companies, intellectual property, and the global AIDS epidemic, there are a number of questions to review. First, do pharmaceutical companies have responsibility to distribute drugs for free or at low cost in developing countries? What are the arguments for and against such an approach? There are socio-economic responsibilities of businesses and pharmaceutical companies have responsibility to distribute drugs for free or at low cost to developing countries. The products pharmaceutical companies make help save people lives. For that...
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...Abstract Throughout the United States, there is a growing epidemic occurring affecting all genders, races and socio-economical groups, which is the abuse of prescription pain medication and heroin. Per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the number of overdose deaths due to prescription pain medication has quadrupled from 1999 to 2013, with more than 16,000 deaths in 2013 alone (The White House, Office of the Press Secretary, 2015). Also disturbing are the statistics for heroin overdose, which have increased 286 percent from 2002 to 2013, with the rate of addiction doubling as well (Cook, 2015). The abuse of heroin and prescription pain medications are tied together since individuals abusing pain medication are 40 times more likely to become addicted to heroin and half of those addicted to heroin are also addicted to pain medication (Cook, 2015). As this epidemic of drug abuse continues to grow and affect communities across the United States, it becomes apparent that federal and local government bodies need to become involved. One such way is the introduction and passing of new legislation to help cope and deal with the growing issues at hand. On June 17, 2015, one such bill was introduced to a congressional committee, H.R. 2805: Heroin and Prescription Opioid Abuse Prevention, Education, and Enforcement Act of 2015 (S. H.R. 2805, 2015). H.R. 2805 is a bill, which addresses prescription opioid abuse and heroin use, and methods of managing such...
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...Epidemic Paper “Stroke” There are a lot of different things that are harmful to us, but stokes can happen to anyone at any age. Finding out how it is transmitted, how our body can protect us from these conditions, also the symptoms and duration of the condition. Talking about this condition is something I can relate to due to my mother, but it happens all over the world. There are many risk factors that make these conditions hard for the risk factors to be controlled. There are ways to change the factors that you can to improve your health and wellness. Strokes aren’t so much as transmitted but they can be passed down through history of the family. Strokes are a very big deal, if you are older you have a very higher risk at having strokes. Strokes are the fifth leading causes of deaths in the United States, mainly due to people not taking care of themselves and their health. Although, strokes are not a communicable disease but can be common if it runs in your family. Strokes are a mental thing and can be caused by a lot of things, a stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is blocked or when the vessel is ruptured causing the brain tissue to die. According to (CDC) the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that (“over 800,000 people have a stroke each year, and one American dies from a stroke every 4 minutes on average”). This is unbelievable I couldn’t believe how common strokes were in America. Things can always be changed to better prevent the...
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...Epidemic Paper name SCI/163 date teacher Epidemic Paper Sometimes families take that dream vacation without even thinking about what diseases or illnesses are present in that area or region. Sometimes the symptoms for those illnesses are basic ones that will not raise a flag, until is too late. Before we visit a new area or region, we need to make sure we check everything that is going on, from politics to weather to epidemics and diseases, I am writing about an epidemic that is currently happening in the island of Hispaniola, Chikungunya virus. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or CDC, this virus is transmitted to people by two species of mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. These species of mosquitoes are found in the tropical and subtropical of the world and are found in the southeastern part of the United States as well. The disease was discover in East Africa in the early 1950s and so far, it was found in Asia, Europe and other areas. In 2013, the first cases of the virus were confirm in the Americas, on Islands in the Caribbean. Since that date, there has been more than 570,000 confirm or suspected cases throughout the Americas. There has been cases with local infections in Florida. In 2015, chikungunya virus disease became a nationally notifiable condition and as of December 8, 2015, a total of 629 cases have been reported from 43 states. All reported cases occurred in travelers returning from affected areas. There was not...
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