...February 2nd, 2014 Breaking confidentiality is never ethical and is also losing faith between the patient-nurse relationships or amongst healthcare providers. The minute a patient walks into a health care setting they feel a trusting bond with the providers and expect reciprocation. The U.S. department of health and human services has the office of civil rights which imposes the “Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act” (HIPAA) which protects patient information. Breaches of confidentiality are taken seriously by the office of civil rights and any breach of unsecured health information will be analyzed, and the person responsible will be prosecuted. All healthcare providers are expected to follow basic ethical principles during their practice and they are: “Respect for autonomy, Veracity, Beneficence, Non-maleficence, Fidelity, and Justice” (Maurer & Smith, 2013). These ethical principles are implemented and mandated through standards of practice and federal law in all healthcare and professional organizations. According to the American Nurses Association’s (ANA) standard of codes, the most important ethical principle is “respect for the inherent dignity and worth… of human existence and the individuality of all persons” (Maurer & Smith, pg. 12). When a patient arrives to the hospital the first task the patient goes through is to sign an informed consent form, also known as advanced directive which is done for confidentiality purposes. On Feb 24, 2000 in...
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...Ethics, Informed Consent, Confidentiality and Anonymity When undertaking research, researchers should be conscious regarding the protection of participants from harm or loss, and must implement measures to protect their psychological well-being and dignity at all times (Brooks et al., 2014). As such researchers have an obligation to minimize risk and harm, and maximise benefits, when conducting research on human participants; to this end they must take significant precautions with vulnerable populations, to ensure the burdens and benefits of research are distributed fairly (Shamoo and Resnik, 2015). In terms of research into autism, it should be acknowledged this type of research poses significant ethical challenges, as there is a likely risk...
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...Confidentiality in the Classroom RD Grand Canyon University: EDU 536 December 21, 2011 U.S. Education – Current and Future Trends Confidentiality is a hot topic – in the classroom, in business and in everyday life. Guarding personal information prior to the onslaught of identity theft was important but not to the extent that it is today. In today’s classroom protecting confidential information is a 3-fold process – protecting the student’s records, protecting personally identifiable information from the student’s record and allowing parent’s access to their child’s information. There are federal and state laws that govern confidentiality and how schools can and cannot utilize that information as outlined under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). FERPA, a federal law, applies to educational agencies or institutions that receive federal funds and protects the privacy of student educational records and assures parents the right to access those records. FERPA also allows authorized educational personnel the right to access and review student records without prior parental consent and in situations where conduct “poses a significant risk to the safety or well-being of a student, other students, or other members of the school community” allows the district to release information from a discipline record without consent to employees who have a legitimate educational interest in a student’s behavior. In Confidentiality issues: parental rights each...
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...Ethics in Information Security The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (GLBA) The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act requires financial institutions that offer consumers financial products or services like loans, financial or investment advice, or insurance to explain their information sharing practices to their customers and to safeguard sensitive data. Strengths: * Allow customers to know how confidential information will be treated. Instead of hoping a financial services company will treat their personal data as confidential, consumers will receive an explicit disclosure of how such information will be used by the firm. Weakness: * GLBA notices are confusing and limit the transparency of information practices. GLBA assumes a company will explain a complex set of legal definitions added to numerous exceptions to the law in a way that will allow for an informed choice and in transparent language. There are reservations about a company's desire to do this. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 protect the confidentiality and security of health care data by establishing and enforcing standards and by standardizing electronic data exchange. Strengths: * Allows patients the legal right to see, copy, and correct their personal medical information. Also it enabled patients with pre-existing conditions to change jobs without worrying that their conditions would not be covered under a new...
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...Introduction This report will give an overview of the aim behind collecting data, types of data collected, methods used and how the collection of the data supports the department’s practices. It will also give a brief outlook on the importance of legislation in recording, storing and accessing data. Why Organisations Need to Collect Data To satisfy legal requirement: every few months there is some request from the government sector to gather, maintain and reports lots of information back to them on how many people do we have in the organization, working hours, how much our expenses for the whole year, we should keep data stored in case information is needed to defend the company legal actions that could arise at any time To provide documentation in the event of a claim: safety legislation and health required that require that records are kept of accidents , whenever an employee make claims to employment tribunals and the employer need to defend such a case he will demands on the accuracy and comprehensive of personal records To provide the organization with information to make decision: since the computer software is developed the information is more readily available, will aid identify problems and helps in taking decision in relation to promotion and salary increases. Types of data that is collected within the organization and how each supports HR or L&D practices There are 2 types of Data that is collected by HR Functions and below is a description of...
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...Confidentiality in medicine in one definition is the ethical principle or legal right that a physician or other health professional will keep all information relating to a patient private, unless the patient gives consent for disclosure. Patients routinely share personal information with health care providers. If the confidentiality of this information were not protected, trust in the physician-patient relationship would be lessened. Patients would be less likely to share sensitive information, which could negatively impact their care. Creating a trusting environment by respecting patient privacy encourages the patient to seek care and to be as honest as possible during the health care visit (Bord, et al.). Confidentiality assures that private information will not be...
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...Monday Carl, a paralegal was sitting in Mr. Howe’s office and overhears activity in the waiting room. Carl decided to the door to see what was going on. There was a couple standing there asking to see a divorce lawyer. 1 1) the time and labor required, the novelty and difficulty of the questions involved, and the skill requisite to perform the legal service properly; (a) A lawyer shall not reveal information relating to the representation of a client unless the client gives informed consent, the disclosure is impliedly authorized in order to carry out the representation or the disclosure is permitted by paragraph (b). (b) A lawyer may reveal information relating to the representation of a client to the extent the lawyer reasonably believes necessary: (1) to prevent reasonably certain death or substantial bodily harm; (2) to prevent the client from committing a crime or fraud that is reasonably certain to result in substantial injury to the financial interests or property of another and in furtherance of which the client has used or is using the lawyer's services; (3) to prevent, mitigate or rectify substantial injury to the financial interests or property of another that is reasonably certain to result or has resulted from the client's commission of a crime or fraud in furtherance of which the client has used the lawyer's services; (4) to secure legal advice about the lawyer's compliance with these Rules; (5) to establish a claim or defense on behalf of the lawyer in...
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...Confidentiality: Public Information Vanessa Martinez Kaplan University Part 1 Confidentiality: Public Information Any party of a legal team working on a case has the duty to remain silent when information about a case has been made public. “The Duty-is a personal promise made to each client” (Confidentiality Issue: Public Information) Thomas F. Goldman. Rule 1.6 of ABA model rules requires lawyers to keep any information received from a client private at all times, even if the case is made public. For instance, in the video Alesha reads a newspaper article aloud containing information to a case Judy is currently working on. Even though the case was public and Alesha read it aloud Judy was still not able to give any information to Alesha due to confidently laws that protect the client. Information made public can always be false, newspapers always want to create drama sometimes creating more of the situation when that is not the case. In the second scenario Judy did the right thing by telling Alesha she shouldn’t believe everything she reads and that it was not a good idea to talk about the case where there are so many people present. If incorrect information about a case has been made public, members of a legal team cannot correct this misinformation. If any person in a legal team decides to correct the information, it would be a violation of confidently and can result in serious consequences. Information that newspaper leaks or creates is to be ignored and attorneys are...
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...The codes complement each other in several ways: The first way in which the complement each other is through confidentiality. Both handle confidential in similar ways, the Institute of Internal Auditors code states that auditors will keep all information confidential unless there is a professional or legal obligation to otherwise disclose the information. The Association of Certified Fraud Examiners code states that examiners will not disclose confidential information without the proper authorizations to do so. A second way the codes complement each other is through competence. Both the Institute of Internal Auditors and The Association of Certified Fraud Examiners state that they will continue to increase the competency of their members. Other ways in which they complement each other, both declare their allegiance to integrity, professionalism, and to maintain both ethical and legal conduct. The codes of ethics are essentially the same for each organization, all though the wording is a bit different between the two codes. Standards are important in both fields, so that auditors and fraud examiners have a uniform and legal approach to handle the risks inherent in organizations. Standards are important for fraud examiners so that they have uniform way of obtaining documentary evidence, interviewing witnesses and potential suspects, writing investigative reports, testifying to findings, and assisting in the general detection and prevention of fraud. Standards are important...
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...CONFIDENTIALITY, PRIVILEGES, MANDATED REPORTING AND DUTY TO WARN Name of Student Institutional affiliation Abstract In this paper, I will be focusing on a brief summary of a therapy video that delves into counseling. Actors in this video are looking at real life cases involving high court ruling on issues such as confidentiality, privilege, reporting and the duty to warn. I will also look at my own findings in statures and laws as far as North Carolina is concerned. Additionally, I will give a summary of each. Finally, I will discuss my reflection and how I can put these into action in my counseling career. The presentation of this video is quite interesting. It gives room for actors to look deeper into real cases and get a deeper grasp in the areas of confidentiality, privilege, reporting and duty to warn. It also gives a more vivid picture of how the above mentioned things, though looking similar, are quite different in a myriad of ways. The very first case to be looked into was of a young boy who was taken to hospital by his foster parents. His conditions were not good at all for he had bruises on his spine and another bruise slightly below his eye. The nurse happened to questioned her about the same. She said it was as a result of being jostled in seat in the car. The nurse kind of didn’t make any note of this observation. Moreover, she happened to fail to call CPS to report the possible...
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...UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA Please print clearly and attach to the front cover of your assignment Student Name UniSA ID SCE ID Kwok_Yuk Ming 110023488 09614648 Tsang_Tsz Nga, Raye 110023493 09614672 Course Name Course Code / Abbreviation Auditing Theory & Practice ACCT 3005 Lecturer’s Name Semester Susan Lambert__ Mar, 2011_____ Assignment Number 1 Due Date 11th April, 2011 I declare the following to be my own work and that to the best of my knowledge and belief does not contain any material published or written by another person except where due reference is made in the text. I authorise the University to test any work submitted by me, using text comparison software, for instances of plagiarism. I understand this will involve the University or its contractor copying my work and storing it on a database to be used in future to test work submitted by others. I understand that I can obtain further information on this matter at: http://www.unisanet.unisa.edu.au/learningconnection/student/studying/integrity.asp Note: The attachment of this statement on any electronically submitted assignments will be deemed to have the same authority as a signed statement. Signed: KWOK YUK MING Dated: 9th April, 2011 Signed: TSANG TSZ NGA, RAYE Dated: 9th April, 2011 Signed: Dated: 9th April, 2011 HSBC Group The HSBC Group is one of the...
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...Ditto Inc. Code of Ethics Tanner Hammontree (Quality of Service, Protecting the Environment, Safe Workplace, Confidential Information, Intellectual Property, The Network, and Use of Ditto’s Equipment and Facilities) Titus Hayden (Integrity, Usefulness, Privacy and Security, Preserving the Community, and Equal Opportunity Employment) Jaren Holt (Drugs and Alcohol, Inventions, Accepting Gifts, Entertainment and Other Business Courtesies, and Use of Ditto Products and Services) Derrick Meyers (Values of the company, Services our company offers, Simply who are you and what do you stand for, Ensure Financial Integrity and Responsibility, Anti-Bribery Laws, Competition Laws, Obey the Law, Signing a Contract, Spending Dittos Money, and Ensure Financial Integrity and Responsibility) English 3606-003 Ms. Adams February 11, 2015 Who Must Follow Our Code? What If I Have a Code-Related Question or Concern? No Retaliation. We at Ditto want to say that “You are the Key to the Future” and expects all of our employees, Stockholders, and Board members to know and comply with the Code of Ethics. If you can not uphold the code of ethics and Failure to do so can result in disciplinary action, including termination of employment and subject to...
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...psychologist or have a talk with school principal and a senior school counsellor. Then, I would tell them I will have to seek for John’s permission for disclosing some information about him. If I would have make a decision whether to tell or not to tell the teachers on the spot, I would keep most of the information about the John, and answer only a general question asked by them. When required to disclose confidential information without a client’s permission, school counsellors are to reveal only “essential” information (ACA, 1995). According to Phillips (2007), this ethical dilemma is “nearly a constant struggle for school counsellors and can create a dynamic tension within the educational environment, where the students’ right to confidentiality needs to be weighed against others’ needs to know”. As a school counsellor, students will always be my priority in any situations. I would have to make sure my decision will not bring any harm to my student client. Next, as mentioned in the case study, I am sitting in the cafeteria at the moment when the four teachers are asking about John. According to ethical codes of counsellor, counsellor is not allowed to share client’s information to third...
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...confidential. If an accountant discloses confidential client information to a third party, such an accountant would be deemed to have violated Rule 301. The said rule, in simple terms, states that “a member CPA shall not disclose any confidential information without the specific consent of the client” (Perkins, 2004). In that regard, therefore, an accountant must obtain the consent of the client before disclosing information which could be regarded confidential. The said consent could be in writing. It should, however, be noted that an accountant cannot be deemed to have violated Rule 301 if the information disclosed already happens to be in the public domain. Similarly, an accountant cannot be held liable for the violation of client confidentiality if disclosures of client information are made pursuant to proceedings of a legal nature. Yet another critical responsibility of accountants to their clients has got to do with exercise of due professional care. This essentially means that should an accountant neglect professional standards in the execution of his or her duties, i.e. by failing to detect fraud that ought to have been easily detected, the affected client can claim negligence. Responsibility to Third Parties In basic terms, third parties include all those outside parties an accountant is familiar with...
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...Assignment System Evaluation Paper As before when I wrote a paper for this assignment, thye company that I talked about was Walmart. At this time I going to talk about a company that I worked many years back when I was younger. The company is Wendy's, as you know that Wendy's is a restaurant instead of a shoppingg center, so in some ways, job ethics and responsibilities is going to be different. BUSINESS CONDUCT AND CONTACTS As employees of Wendy's, you represent the Company. Your interactions with stockholders, franchisees, customers, suppliers, vendors and all other persons or entities must reflect the values and ethics of Wendy's. In all such contacts, it is important to observe certain standards of conduct. You should treat each person you encounter with respect and professionalism. Earn Franchisee, Supplier and Customer Trust. The Company's reputation for integrity is tested every day by the way you treat the people with whom you do business. Honesty, fairness and keeping commitments must be hallmarks of the way you do business. Present the Company Truthfully. Communications should reinforce a sense of trust in the Company. Whether statements are channeled through franchisees, customers, stockholders, the analyst community, suppliers, trade groups, the mass media or made in private conversation, "honesty is the best policy." Public statements should be sufficiently candid, clear and complete so that they neither mislead nor lend themselves...
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