...Ethics: Moral principles and values applied to social behavior. A reasoned set of principles of conduct. Usually has a religious underpinning, which is logical. Business Ethics: Moral principles and values applied to situations arising in a business setting. In other words, the fairness, rightness, or wrongness, if you will, of an action. If you have ever seen the movie “Wall Street” with Michael Douglass, you probably recall his character Gordon Gekko, who basically espoused that “Greed is Good.” You might question his approach to ethics. Than again, maybe you wouldn’t! Unfortunately, companies have conflicting duties: to make a profit, to work efficiently, and still stay within the law or suffer dramatic consequences. As you might imagine, it is sometimes like putting a square peg into a round circle. For example, a company can make a higher profit if it uses overseas labor or raw materials, but what about the legality and ethics of such a decision? It would seem in recent years there has been an emphasis on the bottom line, rightly or wrongly. Legal versus Ethical Questions generally asked by companies: Is the proposed action: profitable? If so, is it: Legal? Ethical? Notice the ordering. Legal Behavior: many actions are clearly legal or illegal, but many items also fall into a gray area...
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...debate about the ethics of prostitution. The controversy is revealed through different realms that exhibit different opinions on the ethics of prostitution. Is prostitution ethical from governmental or religious standpoints? How does each approach deal with prostitutes? How do these approaches affect one another? In this paper I will explain both the political approaches of three American states, and religious approaches of Christians and Buddhists on their ethical opinions regarding prostitution. I will argue in defence of the utilitarian approach. The idea of selling sexual favors for money is cause for much debate globally. Separations in ethical ideas of prostitution can partially be attributed to different religious ethics. Two religions that have contrasting beliefs in many cases are Buddhism and Christianity, and this differentiation is clear regarding the topic of prostitution. Buddhist ethics are driven by the avoidance of harm to oneself and to others: Essentially, according to Buddhist teachings, the ethical and moral principles are governed by examining whether a certain action, whether connected to body or speech is likely to be harmful to one's self or to others and thereby avoiding any actions which are likely to be harmful. In Buddhism, there is much talk of a skilled mind. A mind that is skilful avoids actions that are likely to cause suffering or remorse (Buddhist Ethics). These teachings help understand the beliefs and ethics of Buddhist followers...
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...JP Light Ethics 10/2/14 Kohlberg’s Moral Development Kohlberg’s moral development is made up of six stages. These stages include avoiding punishment, self-interest, good boy attitude, law and order morality, social contract, and principle. I would like to write on how I believe that these are viable steps of morality. Growing up is an important part of everyone’s life and knowing right from wrong is our duty. Society needs people that can interact with one another peacefully or society itself would fail. When I was growing up I was ignorant of ethics and what it was to be moral, immoral, or non-moral. For this reason I was in a lot of trouble constantly and I thought it was “stupid”. I would have liked to be a more standing citizen and maybe did more right than wrong. I avoided punishment but only in the form of trying not to get caught. I might have been mistaken when referring to self-interest and I really don’t believe I had a good boy attitude. I have a hard time believing that good boy attitude was ever properly used among boys my age. I definitely didn’t have law and order morality, because I was always getting into situation with questionable legality. The things that I did when I was younger where not based on a social contract. I didn’t understand when I was younger that things that were important then wouldn’t be important in the future. I was blinded and stifled by my own thought process. Without an understanding of society, I won’t know how to function properly...
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...identify a situation that may be objectionable on ethical grounds in an organizational perspective Business ethics (also corporate ethics) is a form of applied ethics or professional ethics that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. It applies to all aspects of business conduct and is relevant to the conduct of individuals and entire organizations. Business ethics has both normative and descriptive dimensions. As a corporate practice and a career specialization, the field is primarily normative. Academics attempting to understand business behavior employ descriptive methods. The range and quantity of business ethical issues reflects the interaction of profit-maximizing behavior with non-economic concerns. Interest in business ethics accelerated dramatically during the 1980s and 1990s, both within major corporations and within academia. For example, today most major corporations promote their commitment to non-economic values under headings such as ethics codes and social responsibility charters. Adam Smith said, "People of the same trade seldom meet together, even for merriment and diversion, but the conversation ends in a conspiracy against the public, or in some contrivance to raise prices." Governments use laws and regulations to point business behavior in what they perceive to be beneficial directions. Ethics implicitly regulates areas and details of behavior that lie beyond governmental control. The emergence of large...
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...Chapter 1: Questions for Discussion 1. Discuss why ethics is important in business. • Business Ethics paves the way for a common understanding of the fundamental idea of what is good and what is bad in our human conduct. Without ethics, people will set their own moral standards which would result into a kind of subjective morality. 2. Refute the businessman’s myth that “ethics has no place at all in business.” • Business is a social activity thus, being a social activity it should conform to the norms, rules and principles of this society. These standards are embedded in ethics. 3. Explain the phrase: “Not all that is legal is moral, but what is moral is worth legalizing.” • An action may be legal but not necessarily moral. Ethics provides a clear distinction between morality and legality. Consider abortion- in some countries abortion is legal but in the Christian faith abortion is an immoral act. 4. Define Business Ethics. What is your own personal definition of Business Ethics? • Business Ethics is the study of what is the right and wrong human behavior and conduct in business. • For me, business ethics is putting a conscience in the science of profit making. 5. Explain the phrase: “Ethics is the unwritten law written in the hearts of men.” • I interpret that as ethics has been a tried and tested guide of men in ages that have been handed down from one generation to another. These are actions that society consider as the proper action given a particular circumstance...
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...Unit 1 - Ethics, Morality and Legalities: Questions and Answers By Mark Cain AIU Online June 6, 2010 Unit 1 - Ethics, Morality and Legalities: Questions and Answers 1. What is the difference between lobbying and bribery? To understand the difference of lobbying and bribery, I need to know what they are first. Bribery is giving money or something of value to influence the conduct of someone in a position of trust, usually a public official (Rodriguez, n.d.). Lobbying is the act of attempting to influence the mindset of public officials, politicians, or legislators to serve a particular cause (Rodriguez, n.d.). In definition, they sound like the same thing. Lobbying is most often used to influence the laws that are made. Lobbyists usually approach legislators with some convincing argument that supports why they think a law should be changed. This is perfectly legal. However when money or special favors is involved, lobbying becomes bribery. Lobbying sounds ok, but is it? “Bribery gets all the bad press, but lobbying is the real danger, because it affects everybody--whether they want it to or not (Maiello, 2009).” 2. What argument could the SLOC members make that the payments made do not fit the definition of an illegal bribe (under the FCPA)? An illegal bribe is money or special favors granted to someone in a position of trust to make a decision in favor of the one offering it. This is murky water here. Are there arguments that support the claim that the...
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...focus on is corrections. This is because in my opinion the corrections field is one of the hardest in which to work. The reason is that being a corrections officer can be very hazardous as other criminal justice positions. In the corrections field the officer must have many important qualities that are necessary for survival within the system. Ethics, morality, and virtue are three traits that could only benefit a corrections officer. It is often believed that these characteristics may be used interchangeably but as we have learned in class this is not the case. For the purpose of this paper, ethics is considered to be the rules of conduct recognized in respect to a particular class of human actions or a particular group, culture, etc.: criminal justice ethics, medical ethics (Dictionary.com, 2012). Morality is conforming to the rules of right conduct rather than on legalities, enactment, or custom: moral obligations(Dictionary.com, 2012). Lastly, virtue is classified as moral superiority. Ethically speaking, correction officers should act as fair as possible. They should always keep society and the population (inmates) in mind. Ethics applies to professional responsibilities. Morally, officers should always want to do the right thing. Correction officers are not supposed to be...
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...Unit 1 Assignment 2 Kohlberg’s Moral Development Kohlberg’s moral development is made up of six stages. These stages include avoiding punishment, self-interest, good boy attitude, law and order morality, social contract, and principle. I would like to write on how I believe that these are viable steps of morality. Growing up is an important part of everyone’s life and knowing right from wrong is our duty. Society needs people that can interact with one another peacefully or society itself would fail. When I was growing up I was ignorant of ethics and what it was to be moral, immoral, or non-moral. For this reason I was in a lot of trouble constantly and I thought it was “stupid”. I would have liked to be a more standing citizen and maybe did more right than wrong. I avoided punishment but only in the form of trying not to get caught. I might have been mistaken when referring to self-interest and I really don’t believe I had a good boy attitude. I have a hard time believing that good boy attitude was ever properly used among boys my age. I definitely didn’t have law and order morality, because I was always getting into situation with questionable legality. The things that I did when I was younger where not based on a social contract. I didn’t understand when I was younger that things that were important then wouldn’t be important in the future. I was blinded and stifled by my own thought process. Without an understanding of society, I won’t know how to function properly...
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...qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwer...
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...Assignment: u10a1 Final Health Care Organizational Ethics Plan Project Due Date: 12/14/2012 Ethnic is based on the rules and guidelines an individual uses to govern his life, as well as the manner in which he interacts with others. A personal code of ethics is a necessary ingredient to achieve success or overcome adversity. In the absence of rules, it's difficult to hold oneself accountable for poor decision-making or bad behavior. On the other hand, organizational ethics are the principals and standards by which businesses operate. They are best demonstrated through acts of fairness, compassion, integrity, honor and responsibility. The key for business owners and executives is ensuring that all employees understand these ethics. One of the best ways to communicate organizational ethics is by training employees on company standards. While ethical behavior in medical practice has been demonstrated to be beneficial to patients and medical staffs, unethical behavior has caused significant injury to them. Performing ethical behavior in healthcare by, for example, preserving patient confidentiality, medical staffs should respect patients’ autonomy, abide by their obligation to reciprocate patients’ trust, and preserve public confidence in the staff-patient relationship in healthcare. In a long run, patients who trust their medical providers to safeguard their secrets are more likely to seek prompt care for stigmatized health conditions and to disclose sensitive information...
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...22/03/2014 Lecture outline Teaching and Learning in COMM101 What is a Corporation? The Business of Business Sources of Morality The Importance of Moral Principles Past Cohort Performances HD Autumn 2013 (607) Spring 2012 (440) Autumn 2012 (674) Spring 2011 (528) 15% 6% 13% 13% D 31% 25% 28% 22% C 32% 34% 29% 25% P 12% 19% 18% 25% F 8% 10% 7% 9% TF 2% 5% 3% 6% Avg. 69.75 65.36 69.02 65.88 Autumn 2011 (701) 10% 24% 26% 25% 7% 6% 65.38 1 22/03/2014 Critical elements in a teaching episode people learning processes context learning outcomes Adapted from Biggs and Tang, 2007 T & L Challenges in COMM101 Interdisciplinary subject Based on ethics Subjective Multiple perspectives A feeder subject for other faculty subjects Questions for teachers... 1. How do we know whether learning is occurring in the subject? 2. What is my (implicit) theory of learning? 2 22/03/2014 Students’ developmental journey Developmental Level Reliance on external [Foundations] Student traits Knowledge viewed as certain references Reliance on authorities (e.g. professors, parents) as source of knowledge Externally defined value system and identity Act in relationships to acquire approval At the crossroads Evolving awareness of multiple perspectives [Intermediate Learning] and uncertainty Evolving awareness of own values and identity and of limitations of dependent relationships Self-authorship [Capstone] Awareness of knowledge...
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...The Conflict of Morality and Egoism, in Daily Life and Business The most basic distinction to make between morality and egoism is that morality demands that, at sometimes, you are obligated to do what is not in your self-interest to do. If morality never made these demands, then it would not be anything additional to the doctrine of ethical egoism (always do what is in your self-interest to do). In daily life, people are generally expected to act within moral constraints. Most people would claim that it would be wrong for me to kill an innocent stranger, even if it was in my self-interest to do so. One variable in these types of cases is the law, which is basically an instrument to make moral constrains more self-interested. So, when considering whether or not to kill someone for their money, the threat of lifetime imprisonment or death may make not killing in my self-interest. However, the key in these cases: is there any constraint on me not to kill the person if I could get away with it? Morality would say yes, there is a genuine constraint on my actions that obligates me not to kill the person even if I could get away with it. There are also other ways that morality can stretch beyond legality. There are plenty of things that people would consider immoral, but are not illegal. Cheating on your significant other, for example, is considered immoral even though is not illegal (though it is actually illegal to cheat on your spouse in some states). Where I’m going with this:...
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...Business leaders frequently face dilemmas, circumstances where whatever course of action they choose, something of important value will be offended. How can an organisation prepare its decision makers for such situations? This article presents a pedagogical approach to dilemma training for business leaders and managers. It has evolved through ten years of experience with human resource development, where ethics has been an integral part of programs designed to help individuals to become excellent in their professional roles. The core element in our approach is The Navigation Wheel, a figure used to keep track of relevant decision factors. Feedback from participants indicates that dilemma training has helped them to recognise the ethical dimension of leadership. They respond that the tools and concepts are highly relevant in relation to the challenges that occur in the working environment they return to after leadership training. Keywords: business ethics, leadership training, dilemma Introduction The purpose of this article is to present a pedagogical approach to dilemma training for business managers and leaders. In the past ten years we have been responsible for ethical training sessions in programs designed to help individuals develop their leadership skills. We have used elements from moral philosophy in attempts to cultivate the participants’ theoretical understanding of the morally challenging situations they can encounter in their practice as managers and...
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...The Difference between ethics, morals and values Dictionary Meaning (Ethics) 1. a. A set of principles of right conduct. b. A theory or a system of moral values noun. the study of standards of conduct and moral judgment; moral philosophy; a treatise on this study; the system or code of morals of a particular person, religion, group, profession Dictionary Meaning (Morals) 1. involving right and wrong: relating to issues of right and wrong and to how individual people should behave 2. derived from personal conscience: based on what somebody's conscience suggests is right or wrong, rather than on what rules or the law says should be done 3. according to common standard of justice: regarded in terms of what is known to be right or just, as opposed to what is officially or outwardly declared to be right or just Dictionary Meaning (Values) In general, important and enduring beliefs or ideals shared by the members of a culture about what is good or desirable and what is not. Values exert major influence on the behavior of an individual and serve as broad guidelines in all situations. When one look at the dictionary meanings of each of the words, you can derive that each words has some similarity rather that difference. These three words go hand in hand in determining how an individual should conduct himself or herself in a modern society. Definitions by an independent group Ethics: [pic]Define moral rights and wrongs. [pic]Transcend culture, ethnicity...
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...legal positivism is justice the same as legality. legal positivism affirms positive law as the basis for decision making when a business manager is confronted with a moral problem. Rejects the view that law can be measured against any objective universal true moral standard. the question as to whether a low is moral or immoral can not ethically determined. Law itself supplies the standard for morality which is an admittedly relative standard derived from the positive law prevailing at a particular time and place. the law certainly is more facile, apparent convenient standard to adopt. da low also possesses the advantage of being an enforceable norm, what is moral is determined by the examination of the law, by complying with the law. This simplifies moral matters. the law is too easy to embrace as normal emblem a person can refute an accusation of morality merely by demonstrating that no law was broken. they realized that life without rules is not a human life. they seek to create some type of entity that can defend them from the injuries they inflict on one another. They enter into a mutual agreement or social contract , to appoint or elect a sovereign or assembly with absolute authority to lay down the law and to enforce it. morality therefore depends on law assuming that the law is enforced effectively, rules achieve validity only when a government official with the power to command and impose sanctions for non-compliance declares the rules as law. in this case of...
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