...Country of origin . . Percentage Labeling etc. Section III: Packaging and Container Regulations :- It Includes the Packaging of Food should be in proper container & on Labeling of producer everything should be clearly explain & Understandable . The Information should be easy to Read . Section IV: Food Additives Regulations Section V: Pesticides and Other Contaminants Section VI: Other Regulations and Requirements We have to fulfill conditions of above sections before doing import According to Australia Government rules. Conditions on import of Rice by Australia Government :- (a) Import of Rice is Free From Granary weevil . (b) Fumigation with methyl bromide @ 32g/cu m at 21 oC and above for 24 hours under NAP and Treatment to be endorsed on phytosanitary Certificate . The above conditions have to fulfill if we want to do import of rice in Australia . TYPE OF BUSINESS:- After making our final decision about doing import of Rice . The next step is to choose method of business . If we want to start to our business what method of business we will choose? According to Australia Government there are four types of business...
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...International Market Selection Behavior of Thai Rice Exporters1 T. Chaiwun ABSTRACT This study focuses on the international market selection behaviour of firms within the Thai rice exporting firms located in metropolitan Thailand, an area that has previously attracted little academic research attention. In its broadest context, the research attempts to measure and explain the extent to which managers of exporting firms systematically evaluate their foreign market selection alternatives. The main research question to be asked and addressed is: “Can international market selection behaviour be measured on a scale and, if so, is that scale a continuous (unidimensional) one which ranges over both ‘opportunistic’ and ‘systematic’ market selection behavior?” A quantitative research methodology has been used in this study and data were collected by a questionnaire that was both researcher-administered and self-administered. The results from this study indicate that international market selection (IMS) behavior cannot be measured on a continuous scale but tends to be multidimensional and better represented by two separate sub-scales, i.e. ‘systematic’ and ‘opportunistic’ behavior. Two measurement scales were thus developed and labeled SSB (systematic market selection behavior) and OSB (opportunistic market selection behavior). The scales could be shown to be reliable and valid. INTRODUCTION When entering a new or expanded country market, an exporting firm faces a number of important strategic...
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... the old time. The direction of government to rice producer is unclear. Since that, the poverty problem could not be solved. Therefore, the discussion of the paper would focus the idea on the direction of rice producer in order to get the highest return and can maintain the competitiveness in world rice market. This paper aims to analyze the future direction of rice producer especially in North and Northeast region. The objective of the paper is focus on increasing farmer revenue in order to reduce poverty by growing a right rice’s strain that give highest return. It mainly centers on premium rice, which is Jasmine rice. Describing constraint of Jasmine rice is provided in paper. Besides, this paper will discuss the effect of Thailand competitiveness, the effect of poverty, problem related to Jasmine rice, government role to tackle the rice problem and direct the way to sustain healthy ...
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...Marketing Assignment. KOHINOOR BASMATI RICE MARKET ENTRY STRATEGY FOR TUNISIAN MARKET. Submitted By: Samik Sarkar MIB 2nd Semester. KOHINOOR BASMATI RICE MARKET ENTRY STRATEGY FOR TUNISIAN MARKET. Choice of Market: Accelerating India's export growth to the Middle East and Africa (MEA) provides an opportunity to add 1-2 percentage points of GDP growth to our economy. India's exports to MEA went up seven times over the 2004 level to about $60 billion in 2010. This was significantly faster than India's overall exports, which went up about five times to $250 billion at the same time. The share of this region in India's total exports has gone up from about 18% to almost 25%. We still have barely scratched the surface of MEA's true potential. In years when retaining the 8%+ GDP growth is such a challenge, focusing on MEA exports makes a whole lot of sense. Currently, our exports to MEA are lopsided, with about half our exports going to a single country, the UAE. This fact seems odd, considering the UAE is one of the smallest countries in MEA in terms of population, till we understand that the UAE plays a role as a trade conduit to other countries in the region. However, it also shows the enormous potential we have if we market our products and services directly to these countries. In Middle East we have countries like Iran , Iraq and Sudan. Iran, which is one of the largest markets in the region, contributes a tiny $2 billion, or 3%, to our exports to the region. Iran has...
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...Eventually, these calamities led to acute famine. Numerous countries attempted to ameliorate their situations by husbandry; however, the lands were not arable on account of poor soil quality, inefficient strategies, and ineffectual grains. Although the situation seemed incorrigible, Norman Borlaug firmly believed that there was a way to engender a high yielding grain: invent a genetically modified grain by uncovering a secret of genome. In the 1940s, he started conducting research in Mexico with thousands of different crops to breed the highest yielding crop. Through Backcrossing, a crossing of hybrid which was used in his research, Norman Borlaug invented a semi-dwarf, high-yield, and disease resistant rice called the IR8. The magic rice, IR8, has countless advantages. Dwarf rice produced thick stems which was a vital agronomic quality for grain. The dwarf rice's short and strong stalks could support larger seed heads which engendered immense food production. Also, the IR8's high-yielding and disease...
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...Case study (2) Agricultural Subsidies and Development For decades the rich countries of the developed world have lavished subsidies on their farmers, typically guaranteeing them a minimum price for the products they produce. The aim has been to protect farmers in the developed world from the potentially devastating effects of low commodity prices. Although they are small in numbers, farmers tend to be politically active, and winning their support is important for many politicians. The politicians often claim that their motive is to preserve a historic rural lifestyle, and they see subsidies as a way of achieving that goal. This logic has resulted in financial support estimated to exceed $300 billion a year for farmers in rich nations. The European Union, for example, has set a minimum price for butter of 3,282 euros per ton. If the world price for butter falls below that amount, the EU will make up the difference to farmers in the form of a direct payment or subsidy. In total, EU dairy farmers receive roughly $15 billion a year in subsidies to produce milk and butter, or about $2 a day for every cow in the EU—a figure that is more than the daily income of half the world’s population. According to the OECD, overall EU farmers receive approximately $134 billion a year in subsidies. The EU is not alone in this practice. In the United States, a wide range of crop and dairy farmers receive subsidies. Typical is the guarantee that U.S. cotton farmers will receive at least $0.70 for...
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...The market for oil remained confined to lighting and lubricants until, in 1886, the internal combustion engine and demand for gasoline arrived with Karl Benz and the first Mercedes. By now the Samuel business had passed to Marcus Samuel junior and his brother Sam. They exported British machinery, textiles and tools to newly industrialising Japan and the Far East and on return imported rice, silk, china and copperware to the Middle East and Europe. In London, they traded in commodities such as sugar, flour and wheat worldwide. It was during a trip to Japan that Marcus became interested in the oil exporting business then based in Baku, Russia. The Rothschilds had invested heavily in the 1880s in rail and tunnels to overcome the transport difficulties of getting oil from this landlocked base to the Black Sea and from there to overseas markets. Shipping still posed a problem as the oil was carried in barrels, which could leak and took up much space in the ship’s hold. Revolutionising oil transportation Painting of the first bulk tanker, the 'Murex' Marcus and Sam commissioned a fleet of steamers to carry oil in bulk, using for the first time the Suez Canal. They also set up bulk oil storage at ports in the Far East and contracted with Bnito, a Russian group of producers controlled by the Rothschilds, for the long-term supply of kerosene. Their strategy was high-risk: if news of their operations got out they would be squeezed out by Rockefeller’s dominant Standard Oil...
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...Qayyum Qureshi Submitted By: Muhammad Tayyab Roll # 111405 Top Three Export Commodities of Pakistan Rice: Rice Export in 2012-13: PAKISTAN’S basmati rice exports are showing signs of an upswing after suffering a plunge in the first six months of this fiscal year because of domestic higher prices, poor marketing and lower prices of India’s basmati. In January 2013, basmati exports were up by 15 per cent, reaching 43,718 metric tonnes compared to 38,294 tonnes in January 2012. Traders are optimistic that the commodity would regain normal levels before the end of the current fiscal year as the price gap between Indian and Pakistani basmati rice has started narrowing. India has been selling rice at a price lower than Pakistan’s – at $100 per tonne against Pakistan’s $1,100-1,150 per tonne. According to Rice Exporters Association of Pakistan (Reap) Pakistan exported 21,000 metric tonnes basmati rice during the first week of March 2013. Total rice exports during July 2012 to February 2013 have already touched more than $1 billion mark, and during the July-March period, the country exported around 350,000 tonnes, and two million tonnes non-basmati rice. Meanwhile, China has become a major market for Pakistani non-basmati rice, and a record sale of 72,623 tonnes, worth $30 million, took place in January 2013 alone. Besides, another country buying Pakistani rice is Tanzania. Basmati exports, according to figures of Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS), have been on the downward...
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...International Economics BEQM607 "Agricultural Subsidies & Development" Completed by: John Williams - Rosita Tran - Shrey Sharma- 11739401 Word Count: Viraj Bhatti - Introduction Agriculture accounts for 9% of world trade as is therefore not surprisingly top of the list for government policy for many countries, with agriculture industry still being the largest employer in many developing and third world countries. Currently there are many global issues regarding agricultural policies which include subsidies and tariffs, with continues debate whether they are economically beneficial or in fact detrimental to the agriculture trade market. The world is in a current face off involving developed countries such USA and EU and rising developing countries such as Brazil and India. International efforts have been made to solve issues through trade negotiations such as The Doha Round, a current round of trade negotiations among the World Trade Organization members, which have been going on since 2001 due to the complexity of the issues surrounding agricultural industry. The aim of this essay to critically analyse the effects of removing tariffs and subsidies on the average consumer and average farmer in developed countries as well as how it will effect developing countries. Removing Tariffs and Subsidies “The current subsidies distort incentives for the global trade of agricultural commodities in which other countries may have a comparative advantage. Allowing...
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...2. LITERATURE REVIEW. In the context of India’s tea export, there exists vast literatures .But for this study we have included some of the important empirical works which are matched with our objectives. Chand and Tiwari,(1991),analyzead growth and instability of India’s export and import of agricultural commodities. Jaganathan , (1992) , in his paper examined the instabilities of export earnings of selected groups and selected commodities and all the commodities from the period 1974-75 to 1989-1990. Pal , (1992) , analyzed the magnitude , causes and effects of instability of agricultural export earnings of India for the period 1979 to 1989.Subramaniam , (1995) , analyzed the impact of fluctuations in tea production and exports on international tea trade .He articulated that India plays a significant role in world tea trade , being the world’s largest producer , consumer , and exporter . Therefore , fluctuations in India’s tea production , consumption and exports are enough to disturb international tea trade . Aiello , (1999) , analyzed that the effects of export earnings instability on economic growth of developing countries has long interested economists for several reasons . Reddy , (2001) , examined global demand for and supply of tea by estimating semi – log trends separately using data of the recent past , 1974 to 1988 , on the area under cultivation of tea , production , export and retention of tea for domestic consumption . Debraj , (2003) , in a column...
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...7/24/2011 Group | Aquamarine | EAST WEST UNIVERSITY MKT 101 Term Paper | [Square consumer products] | Submitted To: Mashruha Zabeen Dept. of Business Administration Submitted By: Salma Parvin Mahim (2010-2-10-) Aninda ( Adiba( Sumaiya ( Zubair ( Shatil Hasan (2010-3-10-166) Executive Summery Square Group is one of the largest groups of Bangladesh who provides a large range of product & service to its customers. Square group has been founded in 1991 and competing in the international market since 2002 and it is still developing day by day. They have been producing quality product in cheaper price and they have a variety of products. The Square group has been living to their name and improving the image of Bangladesh in front of the world. They provide authentic information for their customers and are devoted towards customer satisfaction. We have learnt a lot of things from them and wish them good luck for their journey to prosperity. Table of Contents Title Page 04 05 10 12 15 15 17 19 20 12 22 23 1.0 Introduction 2.1 Objectives 2.0 Company Profile 3.0 SWOT Analysis of Square Consumer goods (Radhuni) 4.0 Competition Analysis 4.1 Identifying Competitors 4.2 Assessing Competitors 5.0 Marketing Mix 5.1Product 5.2 Product Quality 5.3 Price 5.4 Place 5.5 Promotion 6.0 Success Factor of Radhuni 7.0 End Note 1.0 Introduction SQUARE...
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...AP History addell Unit 1 8000 BCE-600 BCE Environment: Humans and their environment In Mesopotamia, new land was opened to agriculture by building and maintaining irrigation networks: canals brought water from river to field, drainage ditches carried water back to river, partial dams raised water level of river, and dikes protected against floods. States: Building, Expansion, Conflict Conquest gave some Mesopotamian city-states access to vital resources. Trade offered an alternative and long-distance commerce flourished. Social Structures: Development and Transformation The Law Code of Hammurabi, a Babylonian law code, reflects social divisions. It identifies three classes- 1) free land-owning class (royals, high-ranking officers, etc.) 2) dependent farmers and artisans 3) slaves employed for domestic service. The lower orders received the most severe punishments. Slaves were made out of POW. Cultures: Development and Interaction Ziggurats, a multistory, mud-brick, pyramid-shaped tower was built, yet scholars still wonder its function and symbolic meaning. Economic Systems: Creation, Expansion, Interaction Evidence of seagoing vessels that carried wood, metals, stone from foreign lands were exchanged with wool. cloth, barley, and vegetable oil. This trade helped boom the economy of Mesopotamia and other nearby countries such as Lebannon, Syria, Egypt, and Anatolia. Unit 2 600 BCE-600 CE Cultures: Development and Interaction The...
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...EDUCATION FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (SPECIAL), OYO AN ASSIGNMENT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION COURSE CODE: AGE 121 COURSE TITLE: ARABLE CROP PRODUCTION QUESTION: DISCUSS THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION BY ABDUL-RASHEED MUHAMM DEPARTMENT: SHI/AGE DR. S. O. AGBATO AND MRS. SALAMI LECTURER IN CHARGE Climate change induced by increasing greenhouse gases is likely to affect crops differently from region to region. For example, average crop yield is expected to drop down to 50% in Pakistan according to the UKMO scenario whereas corn production in Europe is expected to grow up to 25% in optimum hydrologic conditions. More favourable effects on yield tend to depend to a large extent on realization of the potentially beneficial effects of carbon dioxide on crop growth and increase of efficiency in water use. Decrease in potential yields is likely to be caused by shortening of the growing period, decrease in water availability and poor vernalization. The overall effect of climate change on agriculture will depend on the balance of these effects. Assessment of the effects of global climate changes on agriculture might help to properly anticipate and adapt farming to maximize agricultural production. At the same time, agriculture has been shown to produce significant effects...
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...An Insight Report on TESCO Plc. By Aanca Georgiana Table of Contents I. II. III. Executive Summary .................................................................... Page 3 Trade Barriers ............................................................................. Page 4 Technological Advances .............................................................Page 4 a. Information Technology ......................................................... Page 4 b. Retailing Technology ............................................................. Page 5 c. Operation Systems Technology ............................................. Page 5 d. Recommendations ................................................................ Page 6 IV. Adapting to Local Markets ........................................................... Page 6 a. Retailing Services ..................................................................Page 6 b. Marketing Strategies .............................................................. Page 8 V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. X. XI. XII. XIII. XIV. XV. Mistakes of Tesco......................................................................... Page 8 Fixed Costs ..................................................................................Page 9 International Trade & Comparative Advantage ........................... Page 10 Political Factors .......................................................................... Page 11 Operation Pressures......................................
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...Overview Printable Version (PDF) Tell a Friend Genetically-modified foods (GM foods) have made a big splash in the news lately. European environmental organizations and public interest groups have been actively protesting against GM foods for months, and recent controversial studies about the effects of genetically-modified corn pollen on monarch butterfly caterpillars1, 2 have brought the issue of genetic engineering to the forefront of the public consciousness in the U.S. In response to the upswelling of public concern, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) held three open meetings in Chicago, Washington, D.C., and Oakland, California to solicit public opinions and begin the process of establishing a new regulatory procedure for government approval of GM foods3. I attended the FDA meeting held in November 1999 in Washington, D.C., and here I will attempt to summarize the issues involved and explain the U.S. government's present role in regulating GM food. What are genetically-modified foods? The term GM foods or GMOs (genetically-modified organisms) is most commonly used to refer to crop plants created for human or animal consumption using the latest molecular biology techniques. These plants have been modified in the laboratory to enhance desired traits such as increased resistance to herbicides or improved nutritional content. The enhancement of desired traits has traditionally been undertaken through breeding, but conventional plant breeding methods can...
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