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Facebook Social Media Marketing

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Sara Corben
Sara Corben

Facebook’s Business Model
Case Study 1
Facebook’s Business Model
Case Study 1

Software | Marketing Strategy / Business Model | Consumer Behavior | Mobile Ad Formats Revamped mobile-ad offerings | Up to 153 million from zero a year ago. Mobile ads are more selectively seen, so the company can provide more powerful ads. Ads can be tailored to the user’s location. More information can be gathered from mobile user. Advertising Model | Clicking on advertisements. More likely to take mobile ads into consideration. More likely to look up products on Facebook when they are at the purchasing location. | Messaging and Photo-Sharing Application called Poke (like Snapchat) | Advertising Model | Download the app and share photos. Can share photos which promote businesses. Photos disappear immediately, so users are likely to be more liberal in their use. The users will likely be younger than the Facebook population on the whole. | Mobile Facebook App Mobile rewrite of App – “Wilde” for iOS and Android | Switching from HTML5 to IOs and Android | Use Facebook as they would on the web—see sponsored stories rather than banner advertisements on the app. | Facebook Messenger App | Facebook is able to provide more specialized advertising based on those messages sent through the Messenger app because people are more likely to share sensitive information through messages than through wall posts. | Consumers see no advertisements on messenger, but with Facebook messenger, as well as the Facebook phone app, the company can track location and use it to provide directed advertisements. | Sponsored Stories linking back to brand’s mobile page | Facebook had to make sure marketers had vibrant pages to promoteMarketers had to think about actively managing their pagesOn the Web, you can create an ad even if you don’t have a page, but with mobile companies need to have a page. Advertising Model / Infomediary | Users click on sponsored stories and are more likely to read them because they are tailored to the user and are presented on the timeline rather than banner ads. | Mobile Games | Previously, Facebook expected to make profit from the sale of virtual goods in mobile games (Merchant Model)Found that many mobile game developers were reaching consumers directly with their stand-alone apps and didn’t need the social network to host gamesAgreed to promote games through FB (Advertising Model) | Consumers play games through Facebook and compare achievements to those of friends. | New ad program so developers could pay FB to promote mobile installations of their games | Advertising Model / Affiliate ModelFacebook provides links to games to Facebook users and makes money off clicks. | Consumers will link games to Facebook to compare achievements with those of their Facebook friends. People will learn about games through Facebook and the site will profit from sales generated by Facebook. | Facebook Storefronts | Brokerage Model Companies sell products through Facebook and Facebook gets a commission or fee from the sale of these products. | Consumers shop using Facebook. |

2. Why Must Facebook Transition to Mobile?
Why is mobile so important? As of September 2013, 91% of American adults reported owning a cell phone. Of these, 55% owned a smart phone, 32% owned an e-reader, and 42% owned a tablet computer (Brenner). This represents a market of at least 157 million adults who are using smart phones to communicate with others and access online content. Thirty-four percent of cell internet users state that they go only mostly using their phones, rather than using another device, such as a desktop or laptop computer. Forty-four percent of cell owners sleep with their phone next to their bed because they don’t want to miss any calls, texts, or other updates, while 29% of cell owners describe their phone as “something they can’t imagine living without”(Brenner). This data reveals that mobile represents not only a gigantic (and growing) market, but it represents what is quickly becoming a lifestyle. People do not simply own cell phones; they rely on them for everything from making calls to getting directions to reading e-mail and connecting over social networks.
Facebook, as a social network, relies on a basic human need for community and relationships with others. Because the social network is so dependent on man’s desire to communicate with and relate to others, it must adapt to the ways in which man communicates, and its transition to mobile shows the company’s willingness to make changes society changes. Facebook is reaching a point where mobile usage and revenues will soon be outweighing that of desktop use. CEO Mark Zuckerberg stated in late October that on any given day, around 48% of users are accessing the website solely from mobile devices (Lunden). Zuckerberg also noted that mobile accounts for nearly half (49%) of the company’s advertising revenues and mobile ads represent the company’s key advertising driver (Lunden). When figures about Facebook’s properties (such as Instagram) are included in market research, Facebook counts for one of every five minutes spent on mobile in the United States, noted COO Sheryl Sandberg. When this number is compared to other sites, Facebook (and Instagram) accounts for more mobile minutes in the United States than “Youtube, Pandora, Yahoo, Twitter, Pinterest, Tumblr, AOL, Snapchat and LinkedIn – combined.”(Lunden)
Works Cited
Brenner, Joanna. "Pew Research Center's Internet & American Life Project." Pew Internet: Mobile. N.p., 18 Sept. 2013. Web. 08 Feb. 2014. <http://pewinternet.org/Commentary/2012/February/Pew-Internet-Mobile.aspx>.
Lunden, Ingrid. "Facebook’s Mobile Tipping Point: 48% Of Daily Users Are Now Mobile-Only (But No Mention Of BlackBerry)." TechCrunch. N.p., 30 Oct. 2013. Web. 09 Feb. 2014. <http://techcrunch.com/2013/10/30/nearly-half-48-of-daily-users-of-facebook-are-now-mobile-only-says-ceo-zuckerberg/>.
3. Briefly describe the various strategies and action items that Facebook had to implement to transition to a mobile environment.
In order to transition to a mobile environment, Facebook needed to make a number of changes ranging from software changes to conceptual changes. Software developments included creating mobile apps built to work with the top operating systems, such as Android and iOS. The company had to strategically decide which mobile format provided the best speed and optimization. However, the software changes were likely simpler than the conceptual changes demanded by the transition to mobile. Primarily, the company had to redefine the target market which would be served by the mobile app. Mobile users tend to span a younger age range than desktop users. Additionally, the needs of this audience are somewhat different. While desktop users tend to use Facebook as a source for everything, mobile users are looking for sharply focused apps delivering solid value at a moment’s notice. Facebook’s primary challenge included determining those specific needs which it could best meet and developing concepts for apps which would provide the most value. Some of the apps developed by the company include Messenger (a messaging app), Poke (a photo-sharing app in the vein of Snapchat), and Paper (a news / story app). Facebook’s actions are most useful in terms of developing and understanding very specific needs which it can meet and developing individual apps to meet each need.
4. From a marketing perspective, what are the implications of Facebook's transition into mobile? Similarly, has Facebook's business model changed, also?
There are a number of marketing implications which arise from Facebook’s transition into mobile. Primarily, Facebook can more accurately tailor advertising using mobile. This is true for a number of reasons. Primarily, Facebook’s foray into mobile more directly connects the company to a group of consumers which is somewhat different from those accessing the site from traditional computers. This population tends to be both younger and wealthier than those accessing the site from desktops. This provides opportunities for the company to target advertising more accurately to these users. Additionally, Facebook’s mobile apps enable location services which allow the company to geographically tailor adds to the consumer. Finally, mobile allows for more tailored advertising in that the company must adapt ads for each mobile app. Those ads appearing on its Facebook app might differ from the ads appearing on its Paper app or its Poke app based on the uses of these apps.
Facebook’s primary business model tends to be an advertising model, but it is slowly branching into new business models to meet the needs of its individual apps. For example, Facebook’s newest app, Paper, follows an Infomediary Model in which the company gathers and organizes large amounts of data and acts as an intermediary between those who want the information and those who supply it. The app will exist as a competitor to other news apps. Facebook is also working its way towards Facebook storefronts, which will allow the company to engage in a brokerage business model. While the desktop format of Facebook exists as a catch-all for a number of needs—communication, game-play, news, advertising—mobile developments allow for extreme specialization which broadens the company’s range of business models. The company will likely continue to exist primarily as an advertiser, but will need to explore additional business models in order to adapt to the needs of its target market.

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