...Solution to Homework 1 1. (Basic Game Theory) Time magazine and Newsweek are considering which cover story to publish next week. Both of them have two alternatives to choose from: “Impeachment” or “Financial Crisis”. Below there are three versions of game. A. (Time and Newsweek are equally matched.) This corresponds to the case when the game is symmetric. (Time and Newsweek get the same payoff when both magazines cover the same story.) Newsweek Time | | Impeachment | Financial Crisis | | Impeachment | 45, 45 | 90, 40 | | Financial Crisis | 40, 90 | 20, 20 | * Does the game have dominant strategies for both players? If yes, describe them. Can the game be solved by dominant strategies? Answer: Yes, Time’s dominant strategy is “impeachment,” and Newsweek’s dominant strategy is also “impeachment.” So the game can be solved by dominant strategies: both Time and Newsweek will choose “impeachment.” Analysis: For Time, who is the first player and the row player, we compare its rows: (45, 90) to (40, 20). 45>40, 90>20, the first row (impeachment) is always the best, so impeachment is the dominant strategy for Time. For Newsweek, who is the second player and the column player, we compare its columns: (4590) to (4020). 45>40, 90>20, the first column (impeachment) is always the best, so impeachment is the dominant strategy for Newsweek. * Determine...
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...India and the Global Financial Crisis What Have We Learnt? 1 - Duvvuri Subbarao _________________________________________________________ Thank you for inviting me to deliver the 2011 K R Narayanan Oration. It is an honour to which I attach a lot of value. President Narayanan 2. Late President Narayanan was a distinguished diplomat, a reputed parliamentarian, a capable minister and above all an erudite scholar. Born at the very bottom of India’s social pyramid, he rose on to occupy the highest office in the country with no assets other than hard work, integrity and humility. ‘A working President’, as he described himself, he never allowed dogma to overwhelm his beliefs and convictions. 3. President Narayanan was in office from 1997 to 2002, a time when globalization, as we are experiencing it in the current times, was taking root. At the banquet he hosted for the visiting US President Bill Clinton in New Delhi in March 2000, President Narayanan remarked: “Mr. President, we do recognise and welcome the fact that the world has been moving inevitably towards a one-world... But, for us, globalization does not mean the end of history and geography, and of the lively and exciting diversities of the world.” This was a thoughtful remark. As much as globalization may be inevitable, history and geography need not be destiny. If we learn the lessons of experience, we will not repeat the same mistakes. This indeed is the topic for my 1 K.R. Narayanan Oration by Dr. Duvvuri...
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...RESEARCH METHODS FOR FINANCE The IFRS measures impact on French bank securities volatility during the financial crisis In Group with Mr Duchemin and Mr Melloul Benjamin CNUDDE Introduction: The world of finance is from now global and has huge repercussions all over the planet as we could see during those last years of the recent recession. The subprime crisis triggered in the United States during the second half of 2006 has quickly turned into an international financial crisis with huge repercussions on the European financial markets. Banks and financial intermediaries were particularly affected by it because of the fair value accounting for financial instruments. As we all know, the real estate crisis in the United States has been the triggering element of the financial crisis which has initiated the international financial crisis we are facing now. Credit rarefaction and an obvious rise of market volatility were the fundamental consequences of the crisis. And to stop the proliferation of the crisis worldwide (especially provoked by the “toxic” assets owned by banks) comes the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) intervention. We will discuss if such an intervention has managed to prevent a rise of the French banks securities volatility. In the financial crisis we are passing through, many personalities criticized the installation of IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards), and notably concerning the impact on fair value. According to Christine Lagarde...
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...& Financial Crisis Alejandro Cuervo Wilmington University Abstract As we go into our research on the financial crisis of 2007, we will try to answer some questions about what actually cause of the failure of our financial system, which almost collapse the dollar. While there are plenty of faults to go around on what cause this crisis, there was never a clear path on how to reverse the demand that was cause by repealing the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933. Although there has been other regulations and acts pass since the repeal of the Act of 1933, the ability to restore and strength our dollar has been an uphill battle to take control of it. What was known within our economic system to readjust and rebuilt had not worked to establish balance playing field on the world stage or our domestic economy. As we look forward toward corrective action though the Dodd-Frank Act, Sarbanes-Oxley Act or the Global Legal Settlement of 2002 which reduced the conflict of interest as did the Sarbanes-Oakley Act. These conflicts encompass “underwriting and research in investment banks, auditing and consulting in accounting firms and credit assessment and consulting in credit rating agencies.” (Sanati, 2009) So while we have had a slow and diosmose recovery from this crisis, I will try to answer some of the questions presented to us today on our ability to fully recover and instill some preventative measures to ensure a worst and more devastating financial crisis from taking hold of our economic...
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...Introduction Global financial crisis started when sub prime mortgage market of United States collapsed. Since the global financial crisis took place, many developed and developing countries have been going through recession. It was believed that ongoing global financial crisis will not affect Bangladesh economy as badly as it can to other developed economy because economy of Bangladesh is not so dependent on international capital or foreign investment. But, still there are and will be some shocks of ongoing global financial crisis available for Bangladesh economy. So, Bangladesh economy will be affected by global financial crisis. Global financial crisis might reduce overseas job opportunities and export earnings. Global financial crisis may turn into a recession. Economy of developing countries including Bangladesh is already going through recession. Bangladesh is a low income country. If global financial crisis continuous then economy of Bangladesh will be suffering. Negative impacts of global financial crisis are beginning to show on the increasingly globalizing economy of Bangladesh. Export growth rate of Bangladesh has turned negative. Export of non-apparels items is being reduced. Depreciation of currencies by competing countries caused erosion of Bangladesh’s competitive strength in the global market. Remittance earnings could be badly affected in near future because number of job seekers going abroad halved as some countries either revoked or have stopped issuing...
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...FACING THE ECONOMIC CRISIS IN THE UNITED STATES: THE CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS Prepared for Kaplan University GB512 Business Communication Dr. Sue Pettine Prepared by Katherine M. Moore Student September 22, 2011 Contents Executive Summary……………………………………………………… 3 Introduction …………………………………………………………………. 3 Background……………………………………………………………………. 3 Potential Problems and Solutions ………………………………………………. 5 Conclusion and Recommendation ……………………………………………… 7 References ……………………………………………………………………. 7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The purpose of this research proposal is to take a look at the economic crisis in the United States. Our country is currently facing one of the worst crises since the Great Depression. Because of this financial crisis many people are facing many anxieties today. In order to work on a solution for this dilemma, we must first admit that we are in a dreadful predicament. This is not the time to disregard the economic setback. We must take a look at our financial situation not only in the United States but globally as well. When a nation is in a crisis there is a tendency to shift the responsibility on just one person. In this research proposal we will look at the economy as a whole. We will tackle the many hard questions that arise when a crisis hit. Some of the hard questions that we will...
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...The Subprime Mortgage Crisis and What to Do about It A Review of the Literature The fuse for the subprime financial shock was set early in this decade, following the tech-stock bust, September 11th, and the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. The subprime mortgage crisis is a historic turning point in our economy and our culture. The disruption in our credit markets is already of historic proportions and will have important economic impacts. More importantly, this crisis has set in motion fundamental societal changes – changes that affect our consumer habits, our values, our confidence to the future, and our psychological status. After this financial crisis, our economic went downturns and worsen now. When we talk about or hear about the subprime mortgage crisis, to fully understand the crisis help us to avoid the crisis happening again in the future. This literature review considers different opinions of the subprime mortgage crisis by responding to the following questions: 1. What are subprime mortgages? 2. How did the subprime mortgage crisis happen? 3. What are the causes of the subprime mortgage crisis? 4. Was the subprime mortgage crisis in the U.S. totally unexpected? 5. What to do to avoid it happening again in the future? By answering these questions, we can have understandings of the subprime mortgage crisis and find out the solutions to the crisis. When Americans taking advantage of the easy credit conditions, we take for granted the problems behind the credit...
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...IT and International Real-Time Media: Amplifier for a Crisis or Instrument of Rational Decision-Taking Narelle Gomes, Christian Piechorowski 09.01.2014 Table of contents: 1.1 Information technology’s impact in the development of the stock exchange 1.2 Algorithmic trading 1.3 High frequency trading 1.4 High frequency; trading beneficial or harmful for the economy? 1.5 Final Remarks 2.1 The Influential Role of Mass Media - The Pervasiveness of the information disseminated on the people 2.2 Financial Crisis- A media spectacle? 2.3 The mishaps of European Media during the current Euro crisis 2.3.1 The alternative view of the media; Citizens mistrust towards the media 2.3.2 The wavering power of mainstream amidst its pervasiveness 3. Conclusion Introduction Problem Description: The world financial crisis started in the US with the burst of the housing bubble in 2007. However, it was not just limited to the US border, but it rapidly spread all over the world. Consequently, many banks went bankrupt and some countries were even pushed into a financial downturn. Target of Study: This essay will not provide a general outlook on the financial crisis but instead examines the impact of the Real time media and IT on this economic crisis of historic scale. How important...
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...QBE Financial Risk Management Report Date: 18/04/2012 Team of Financial Risk Management Content Executive summary 2 Company background 2 Global Financial Crisis influence 2 Risk Exposures 3 Foreign Exchange Exposure 4 Transaction Exposures 4 Translation Exposures: 5 Interest Risk Exposure 5 Borrowing exposure 5 Investment exposure 6 Gross Profit exposure 6 Recommendations for Two Risk Exposures 6 Foreign exchange risk 7 Interest rate risk 7 Appendices 8 Reference list 11 Executive summary Company background Global Financial Crisis influence The impact from the global financial crisis(GFC) on us is complex. Compared to our competitors, the situation showed that little was the overall operation of our company negatively affected. It was both the positive and negative effects of GFC that contribute to this. From the downside, we do experienced significant loss in several areas. Our share price has going down from $22.4 to $16 per share during the financial year 2008-2009. Our equity decreased 28.5% on its value, and apparently, stroked the worst record in years. In addition to the impaired equity value, GFC also challenged us with a lower investment yield, a decreased risk margin, as well as increasing claims of large individual risk. First, due to the fall in equity market, lower interest rates and the loss on our property (account 29.5% of our portfolio), we keep a low yield from our investment. Only 2...
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...Kelsey Moore Monday-Wednesday 11:00 Financial Meltdown It was only a few short years ago that Wall Street came to a halting stop. The world paused and watched as one of the greatest financial crisis of our time took place in front of our very own eyes. While some of us may have not seen this crisis upon us, but downfalls such as the one we experienced aren't built in a day. So we may ask, what could have caused this financial meltdown. According to frontline, "It all started one sunny afternoon in Florida while the employees of JPMorgan conducted meetings on how they can manage and lower risk. They concluded that separating the risk from the loan by credit default swaps would ultimately make the financial system safer for not only them but for everyone involved ("Money, Power and Wall Street")." JPMorgan was the first to execute this plan when the infamous Exxon crisis took place a few short years back. They decided to take Exxon under their wing and help them out of the crisis but instead of setting aside the capital needed they went and found a company in London to take on the risk of Exxon's loan. This event allowed companies to create more credit and allowed them to give out more and more loans. This marks only the beginning of the downfall to our financial system that occurred in 2008. While JPMorgan was the spark and brains behind the start of our crisis, who is really to blame in this situation? The bankers and regulators who lent out subprime mortgages to the American...
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...AHAMED Timothy Geithner took over as Treasury Secretary in the middle of the greatest financial crisis since the Great Depression. In four years, he helped design the largest government stimulus package in history, and contended with a weak recovery, millions of Americans losing their homes, obstinately high unemployment and complicated budget negotiations. To his fans, he is the figure most responsible for stabilizing the banking system and preventing a catastrophic economic collapse. To his critics, he was excessively generous to bankers and failed to change a system where some banks remained “too big to fail.” In a wide-ranging interview during his last days at Treasury, he kept returning to what has become one of his signature themes—the importance of putting “policy ahead of politics.” All too often, in his view, the best economic policies have enormous up-front political costs. We began by talking about the financial crisis of 2008. MARCH 8, 2013 NATE COHN OTHER STORIES FROM LA: Your predecessor Hank Paulson in his book describes how at the height of the crisis he would have sleepless nights, worrying that a giant financial collapse was going to occur on his watch and that he would go down in history as the Herbert Hoover of the current era. Your colleagues all say you are remarkably calm, even in the middle of a crisis. TG: Well I was very worried throughout that period of time. Starting in August of ’07 I Could North Korea Nuke Washington? MIKE MADDEN Adios...
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...Keynes, ‘love of money’ and the current crisis Paolo Paesani1 This version 1 October 2010 Preliminary version ABSTRACT Keynes saw ‘love of money’, love for the unlimited accumulation of liquidity as mark of personal success and shield against uncertainty, as a defining element of capitalism. This paper investigates connections between ‘love of money’ and the current crisis establishing two main linkages: bonus-based compensation mechanisms and hedge funds. Closer scrutiny and regulation both of bonuses and hedge funds can help prevent future crises. Permanent solutions to the problems posed by ‘love of money’ however will come only from new models of education and persuasion. Keywords: Causes of the financial crisis JEL: 1 University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, e-mail paolo.paesani@uniroma2.it. A previous significantly different version of this paper has been published in Italian in Il Ritorno dell’Economia Politica , G. Bonifati and A. Simonazzi (Eds.) Donzelli Editore, 2010, Roma. I would like to thank Annalisa Rosselli and Matteo Formenti for their helpful suggestions and comments. The usual disclaimer applies. “Whereas modern theory serves as a simulacrum of the economy – stylised and abstract to be sure – Keynes theory is a diagnostic instrument in the service of Doctor Keynes, consulting economic physician” (Hoover 2006, p. 78) “I also want to emphasise strongly the point about economics being a moral science. [A science that]…deals with introspection and with values...
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...questions, literature review, conceptual framework, methodology used and justification, research methods and ethical considerations. Having an understanding of the food and beverage sector within Novotel Hotels in the Sydney Metropolitan area and the challenges it faces is important, in this selected case study it not only is effected by the Hospitality industry but also the tourism industry as well. Both these industries have felt hard and negative impacts from the global financial crisis and have definitely had an impact on our case study. This business research report identifies the need to evaluate the relationship between a decline in international tourist, the change in food and dining trends and the revenue of Novotel in the Metropolitan area. The research follows the deductive research method. For the purpose of this report the hypothesis is Novotel food and beverage sector in Sydney metropolitan areas is making a loss and losing customers because of the global financial crisis. The research was conducted through a mixture of qualitative and quantitative research methods including; the report samples the primary research methods such as sample questionnaires, observational research and interviews. The secondary research methods mainly included personal communication and researching the hospitality databases, tourism and Australian Bureau of Statistics Website. Table of Contents Executive Summary 1. Research Questions 4 2. Literature...
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...600030. The main business for CITIC Securities is securities brokerage, securities investment consulting, securities underwriting and sponsorship, securities dealers, asset management, margin, securities investment fund sales and financial product consignment. In 2014, the company's business ranks very well among the Chinese securities industry. At the same year, the Group Equity transaction amount is 9.8 trillion Yuan, ranking the second; stock selling amount is 95.919 billion Yuan, ranking first; bond-selling amount is RMB 3,347.57 billion Yuan, ranking first. There is a significant increase in the scale of business capital. In 2014, inter-bank bond trading volume is 4.1 trillion Yuan, ranking first amount the industry. By the end of 2014, stock mortgage repurchases is 42.4 billion Yuan, ranking first; we achieve a great improvement in progress stock return swaps and commodity business. At the end of December 31, 2014, CITIC Securities shareholders hold more than 5% of China CITIC Limited (20.30% stake). Companies rely on the largest shareholder - China CITIC Limited. With CITIC Securities, CITIC Bank, CITIC Trust, Prudential Life Insurance and other companies jointly set up an integrated business model of CITIC Holdings and CITIC International Financial Holdings to provide customers with...
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...India too has been impacted by the crisis – and by much more than it was suspected earlier. The four major questions that have been raised are: * Why has India been hit by the crisis? * How has India been hit by the crisis? * How have we responded to the challenge? * What is the outlook for India? Why Has India Been Hit By the Crisis? There is, at least in some quarters, dismay that India has been hit by the crisis. This dismay stems from two arguments. The first argument goes as follows. The Indian banking system has had no direct exposure to the sub-prime mortgage assets or to the failed institutions. It has very limited off-balance sheet activities or securitized assets. In fact, our banks continue to remain safe and healthy. So, the enigma is how can India be caught up in a crisis when it has nothing much to do with any of the maladies that are at the core of the crisis. The second reason for dismay is that India's recent growth has been driven predominantly by domestic consumption and domestic investment. External demand, as measured by merchandize exports, accounts for less than 15 per cent of our GDP. The question then is, even if there is a global downturn, why should India be affected when its dependence on external demand is so limited? The answer to both the above frequently-asked questions lies in globalization. First, India's integration into the world economy over the last decade has been remarkably rapid. Integration into the world implies...
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