...Example 1 1. Data collection methods For Data Collection and Analysis Grid Qualitative: The study used 25 focus groups with nursing staff on medical-surgical units in 2 hospitals in southern and northern regions of the USA. The data collection method utilized was a focus group interview. Quantitative: The study used 46 women in two study groups (21 in the intervention group and 25 in the comparison group). The data collection method used was examining written text. 2. Data collection instruments Qualitative for Data Collection and Analysis Grid : The study used semi structured design focus groups interviews with nursing staff that lasted from 90 up to 120 minutes. Quantitative: The study used individual behavioral counseling sessions: five for intervention group and only on e for comparison group. A pretest/posttest comparison design was used. 3. Accuracy and reliability of instruments used Qualitative: The members of the focus groups were divided by job title in order to maximize the communication. All interviews were carefully tape-recorded, transcribed and fully analyzed. Quantitative: All behavioral counseling (BC) sessions had been conducted by an advanced practice nurse. She managed to provide to provide an established frequency (five BC sessions versus one BC session in 12 weeks), intensity (face-to-face interaction), and duration (30 minutes of BC). 4. Statistical or analytic methods Qualitative- The author of the study analyzed the interview transcripts using...
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...customers. It is critical to give customers the opportunity to provide feedback about their overall satisfaction level and specific likes and dislikes. A company will lose business, miss growth opportunities, and put itself at a competitive disadvantage without an effective customer satisfaction research program in place. Therefore, it is very important to the success of the business to know right away if they are doing something that frustrates or dissatisfies the customers. According to Evans & Lindsey (2009) in Managing Quality, “To create satisfied customers, the organization needs to identify customers’ needs, design the production and service systems to meet those needs, and measure the results as the basis for improvement” (pg. 190). A customer satisfaction program is essential in finding out what those customer needs are, and assuring those needs are met through design and production. Measuring and analyzing customer satisfaction data will help a business not only maintain its existing customer base but provide valuable insight into how to attract a new customer base. Companies have several means to measure customer...
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...EFFECTIVE_CLASSROOM_PRACTICE_A_MIXED-METHOD_STUDY_OF_INFLUENCES_AND_OUTCOMES 1.0 DESIGNING A MIXED-METHOD STUDY This symposium reflects on a the two-year (2006-2008), ESRC-funded, multi-disciplinarystudy which used an integrated mixed-method design. The project investigated variations in teachers‟ classroom practice, and relationships with professional life phase, identity and school context (using value-added pupil attainment scores as indicators of schools‟ overall academic effectiveness) , which builds on and extends a four-year longitudinal research study (Day et al, 2006). The study sought to identify key factors that contribute to effective teaching and pupil outcomes in primary and secondary phases of schooling in a sample of 83 effective teachers (45 primary and 38 secondary), 39 school leaders, and approximately 3000 pupils from 39 schools in England. The project had three main aims: (1) To describe, analyse and explain the variation in primary and secondary school teachers‟ classroom behaviours and practice using two different observational instruments, detailed field notes and pupil and teachers‟ perceptions, focusing on English and mathematics teaching; (2) To explore typical and more effective classroom practice of teachers in Years 2, 6 and 9, across different school contexts, professional life phases and ages in relation to observation of practice and professional, situated and/or personal factors which are perceived to affect observed practice over time; and...
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...with a product or service and therefore rate the product or service highly in a survey and yet same customer may buy another product. CUSTOMER SATISFACTION • Similarly customer’s view about a product or service are useless if customer’s view about competitors products are not understood. CUSTOMER SATISFACTION • The value customers places on the product compared to another may be a better indication of customer loyalty. TYPES OF CUSTOMER External Customer Internal Customer CUSTOMER PERCEPTION OF QUALITY ASQ SURVEY SHOWS THAT IMPORTANT FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE PURCHASING ARE PERFORMANCE FEATURES SERVICE WARRANTY PRICE REPUTATION 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. FEEDBACK • • • • • • • • • Comment Card. Customer Questionnaire. Focus Groups. Toll Free Telephone No. Customer Visits. Report Card. Internet & Computer. Employee Feedback. Customer complaints COMMENT CARD • COMMENT CARD CAN BE ATTACHED TO THE WARRANTY CARD & INCLUDED WITH THE PRODUCT AT THE TIME OF THE PURCHASE • INTENT OF THIS CARD IS TO GET SIMPLE INFORMATION SUCH AS NAME , AGE, ADDRESS, OCCUPATION & WHAT MADE THE CUSTOMER BUY THAT PRODUCT COMMENT CARD • FOR CUSTOMER THERE IS LITTLE OR NO INCENTIVE TO COMMENT • CUSTOMERS DO RESPOND WHEN THERE IS SOMETHING VERY GOOD OR VERY BAD • USED IN...
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...Department, Fatemeh (P.B.U.H) College of Nursing & Midwifery Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand BlvD, Shiraz, Iran 2English Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Published 9 November 2005 [pic] Abstract Background Nursing student's experiences of their clinical practice provide greater insight to develop an effective clinical teaching strategy in nursing education. The main objective of this study was to investigate student nurses' experience about their clinical practice. Methods Focus groups were used to obtain students' opinion and experiences about their clinical practice. 90 baccalaureate nursing students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery) were selected randomly from two hundred students and were arranged in 9 groups of ten students. To analyze the data the method used to code and categories focus group data were adapted from approaches to qualitative data analysis. Results Four themes emerged from the focus group data. From the students' point of view," initial clinical anxiety", "theory-practice gap"," clinical supervision", professional role", were considered as important factors in clinical experience. Conclusion The result of this study showed that nursing students were not satisfied with the clinical component of their education. They experienced anxiety as a result of feeling incompetent and lack of professional nursing skills and knowledge to take care of various patients in the clinical setting. ...
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...Packaging and purchase decisions ABSTRACT - The importance of packaging design as a vehicle for communication and branding is growing in competitive markets for packaged food products. This research utilized a focus group methodology to understand consumer behaviour toward such products and how packaging elements can affect buying decisions. Visual package elements play a major role, representing the product for many consumers, especially in low involvement, and when they are rushed. Most focus group participants say they use label information, but they would like it if simplified. The challenge for researchers is to integrate packaging into an effective purchasing decision model, by understanding packaging elements as important marketing communications tools. Propositions for future research are proposed which will help in developing better understanding of consumer response to packaging elements. Introduction: packaging at the point of sale Packaging seems to be one of the most important factors in purchase decisions made at the point of sale (Prendergast and Pitt, 1996), where it becomes an essential part of the selling process (Rettie and Brewer, 2000). Packaged food products are moving into ever larger supermarkets and hypermarkets, and there is a proliferation of products, offering consumers vast choice. The competitive context is ever more intense, both in the retail store and household. With the move to self-service retail formats, packaging increases its key characteristic...
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...share of the athletic shoe market. Define the management decision problem. Ans 1. The management decision problems are: What should Nike do to increase its share of the athletic shoe market? Q2. Define an appropriate marketing research problem corresponding to the management decision problem you have identified. Ans 2. Market Research Problems are: 1. Which market to focus more (soccer, golf or any other) 2. How to maintain its brand equity 3. How to change the perception among the consumer about its image of being a smaller innovative company. 4. What demographic, psychographic, and product usage characteristics differentiate Nike loyalists from consumers loyal to other brands Q3. Develop a graphical model explaining consumers’ selection of a brand of athletic shoes. Ans 3. 1. Deciding kind of athletic shoe. 2. Compare different brands for comfort, design and price. Choose the best brand according to above criteria. Q4. How can qualitative research be used to strengthen Nike’s image? Which qualitative research technique(s) should be used and why? Ans 4: Focus groups with consumers in the target market would be very helpful to identify the salient image characteristics and the general perceptions of Nike’s image. Depth interviews with top athletes would be useful to identify how athletes define performance in sport shoes and what emotions, attitudes, and beliefs are associated with CASE STUDY: MAYO CLINIC Q1. The Mayo clinic...
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...the five steps in the marketing research process. Step 1-Locating and Defining issues or problems: This step focus on uncovering the nature and boundaries of a situation or question related to marketing strategy or implementation. In defining the issues or problems, the researcher should take into account the purpose of the study, the relevant background information is needed, and how it will be used in decision making. Step 2-Designing the Research Project: This step is focused on created a research plan or overall approach on how you are going to solve the issue or problem identified. A research plan or approach is a framework or blueprint for conducting the marketing research project. It details the procedures necessary for obtaining the required information, and its purpose is to design a study that will test the hypothesis of interest, determine possible answers to the research questions, and provide the information needed for decision making. Research Design Involves the Following steps : [2] Secondary data analysis Qualitative research Methods of collecting quantitative data {survey, observation, and experimentation}. Definition of the information needed Measurement and scaling procedure Questionnaire design Sample process and sample size Plan of data analysis Step 3. Collecting Data: This step revolved around obtaining...
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...lost by the way side if they don’t pay attention. 3. The marketing research problem is that in the size of the customers are growing it is difficult for Bank of America to focus on a target customer. 4. Descriptive research design can be used for the problem that has been identified here. It is undertake to describe answers to questions who, what, where, when, and how. 5. In the Austin Market, Wells Fargo is #1 with $6.6 billion and 21% market share. Bank of American is #2 with over $5 billion and 16.8% market share. JP MorganChase is #3 with 4.7 billion and 15.7% market share. 6. A good type of syndicated data would be scanner panel data. It collects household’s purchases and locates brand loyalty, consumption rates, and variety. 7. For a focus group, the benefit is you get a lot of participants brainstorming. They can really think about a question a feed off of another. Interviews are good because they can be conducted over the phone. The other benefit is that the client will feel safe and personal with an interview. 8. A questionnaire is the best type of survey to get the appropriate information we are looking for. 9. Pre-experiments are the simplest form of research design. In a pre-experiment either a single group or multiple groups are observed subsequent to some agent or treatment presumed to cause change. 10. Constant Sum provides participants a way to enter numeric data. For example, participants...
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... quality and quantity. Qualitative research data is the opinions of a certain group. This research also captures the why, would, and how the target audience react to certain issues, situations, and/or products. The data is really useful and in-depth and used primarily by focus groups and interviews. Quantitative research data is truly about numbers, statistics. Therefore, the researchers have to make an effort to contact as many people as they can to get a realistic conclusion of what the surveyors are attempting to convey to the researchers. The researchers need to know who, when, how many, and how often, etc.? The data is collected through telephone, postal, face-to-face, back of the receipt, and online surveys. Researchers will have to understand that conducting qualitative and quantitative data simultaneously is an option to gather adequate data to obtain the necessary information for a productive solution. Chapter 7: 5. Assume you are a manufacturer of small kitchen electrics, like Hamilton Beach/Proctor Silex, and you want to determine if some innovative designs with unusual shapes and colors developed for the European market could be successfully marketed in the U.S. market. What qualitative research would you recommend, and why? The US market is very complex and extremely different than the European markets. I would employ a combination of interviews and focus groups. The interviews would allow the researches the opportunity to go deeper in the...
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...Research Design: The research design process which we will undertake for this project would mainly consist of exploratory research and descriptive market research. In the first step, we will use exploratory research to determine the problem or issue. It will consist of qualitative analysis of secondary data where we will try to find out the main issues that McDonald’s is facing. Secondary qualitative Research would also be used to find out what McDonald’s is serving now in terms of beverages, and what other premium beverage restaurants (such as CCD, Starbucks) offer. We will be using direct qualitative research (focus group and depth interviews) to better define and understand the problem. We will then try to compare seemingly different companies like McDonald’s and coffeehouses such as CCD and Starbucks. The focus would be on determining what customers’ value in their favourite coffeehouses so that we could translate that experience into the experience of buying beverages at McDonald’s. In second step, we will be performing a descriptive market research. We will conduct a survey focussing on the topics which will come out of the exploratory research. We will be using a screener question first to find whether the respondent is qualified for the survey and to check if the participants of the survey can compare local coffeehouses and their experience at McDonald’s. Finally in order to analyze the data, we will be using the quantitative analysis (e.g., statistics and regression...
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...Whirlpool Whirlpool’s design team used their customer’s preferences as the basis of the company’s criteria. Whirlpool premised that to discover the preferences of their customers would make for a much more grandiose idea over the traditional area of focus, which is would be the “bottom- line”. The observance of the “bottom- line” is an intrinsic portion of measuring the stability and health of a company’s core structure; however, what Wwhirlpool’s Cchief Ddesigner Chuck Jones needed was a system that could forecast return on investment (Robbins & Coulter 2009). After significant considerable investigation of the indusindustry’s tries leading competitorsprospects that would be considered “design centric” companies, what Chuck discovered is that many of the organizations, including those the ones that operate on a global scale, many faced the same or similar situation as he did; they were all in need of a system that could forecast profitability based on design. This system would require a “metric-based approach” designedd , to capture “objective evidence” that would support and provide insight into future investment decisions for the company. Chuck and his design team “created a standardized company-wide process that puts s design prototypes in front of customer focus groups and obtainsthen gets detailed measurements of their preferences about aesthetics, craftsmanship, technical performance, ergonomics, and usability (Robbins & Coulter 2009).” ...
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...Whirlpool’s design team used their customer’s preferences as the basis of the company’s criteria. Whirlpool premised that to discover the preferences of their customers would make for a much more grandiose idea over the traditional area of focus, which is would be the “bottom- line”. The observance of the “bottom- line” is an intrinsic portion of measuring the stability and health of a company’s core structure; however, what Wwhirlpool’s Cchief Ddesigner Chuck Jones needed was a system that could forecast return on investment (Robbins & Coulter 2009). After significant considerable investigation of the indusindustry’s tries leading competitorsprospects that would be considered “design centric” companies, what Chuck discovered is that many of the organizations, including those the ones that operate on a global scale, many faced the same or similar situation as he did; they were all in need of a system that could forecast profitability based on design. This system would require a “metric-based approach” designedd , to capture “objective evidence” that would support and provide insight into future investment decisions for the company. Chuck and his design team “created a standardized company-wide process that puts s design prototypes in front of customer focus groups and obtainsthen gets detailed measurements of their preferences about aesthetics, craftsmanship, technical performance, ergonomics, and usability (Robbins & Coulter 2009).” This approach...
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...market research before entering a new market. With the globalisation of the travel books markets, marketing research that conducted in international level is highly required. Marketing research can be defined as the use of information to define marketing problems and opportunities, evaluate marketing actions and monitor the performance (American Marketing Association 2004). According to Naresh (1992), marketing research process consists of six steps, which are problem definition, developing an approach, research design formulation, data collection, data analysis and report presentation. There are several research techniques that could be applied when conducting a marketing research, such as interview, observation, survey and focus group. Focus group is an effective qualitative technique in marketing research that has been used by many marketing research firms since 1950s (Cox, Higginbotham & Burton 1976). According to Gallagher (2009), Lonely Planet used focus groups to figure out how individuals travel around regions. Since regional travellers were most likely to be aged 26 to 34 or more than 50 years old, Lonely Planet decided to change their strategy on how to penetrate the demographic market. With an attractive image on the front covers and full colour section at the beginning of each book, which are appealing to the older demographic, it aims to help individuals on “doing trip”. The books also include information on markets, festivals, culture, food and drinks, itineraries...
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...603 Business Research Methods Assignment 1 Submission date: 16/05/2015 Submitted By: Rajinder Singh Student Id: 1502A487 Answer no . (1.1) In this scenario, owner of an Italian restaurant wants to introduce a new pasta dish. James, a business research executive hired by the restaurant owner Pablo has to conduct a research with the customers to find out reaction about the dish. James has proposed a face to face interview technique to Pablo for this research work. Face to face interview is a one on one interview, where both interviewer and interviewee sits together to get some useful information. There are many types of interviews like telephonic interview, using internet chat etc. but according to me best suitable type of interview that can help Pablo to get his needed information is Face to Face interview. Below are some key attributes of a Face to Face interview those are best suitable to get information that Pablo is looking for. 1) Time and Place – Time and place of the interview is very important. To conduct an effective interview it is very important that you should aware about, what time and date is the best to conduct an interview. For example in this case, by conducting interview on weekends you might get better results as compared to weekdays like Monday where there are less people visiting the restaurant or they can be busy in their work. On the other side the place you are going to choose for the interview is also very important. For example in this...
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