...Research Project – Food Safety BUS 642 Dr. Hennefer Due March 16, 2015 Free trade has created an urgency to monitor imports of many kinds, however, none more so than food products being consumed in great quantities by Americans. According to figures consumption of imported food products makes up 15% of all food consumption in the United States. Under current law countries of the foods origins must comply with existing regulations set forth by the FDA, however, they may do so according to their own methods. I find a need to conduct research into food safety for many reasons, such as, “although food safety risks from imports are similar to the kind and extent of risks from domestic producers, the United States has less food safety oversight over imports, which are increasingly from developing countries” (Hemphill, 2007, p. 156). The danger is very real to the American people whom must trust in these other countries that safety is as high a priority that it is for agencies such as the FDA. Food borne illness comes with tremendous risk, even death, surly this knowledge alone creates tremendous need for further research. (Hemphill, 2007). The biggest dilemma for any businesses management is whether to risk the sale of imported food goods given the current standards of safety. This research hopes to identify a solution presented by current food import safety rules, “business researchers identify a concern and then work to address it through research” (Landrum,...
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...Final Paper Food Safety Food Safety Food Safety is all conditions and actions necessary to ensure the safety of food at all stages. This refers to the conditions and practices to prevent contamination and food-borne illnesses. Food safety is an essential health function. Food can be contaminated and judged unsafe in many ways. Contamination can occur during the packaging process, by inadequate cooking or storage. Also, different food products may already have different microorganisms such as bacteria or parasites which may be allowed to multiply and cause disease if food is not appropriately handled. With regard to whether or not food safety is currently a problem the answer is clearly, yes. The concern is that daily, people get sick with what is interchangeably called food-borne disease or illness from the food they eat. Specifically, food-borne illness has a severe affect on infants, young children, the elderly and the sick. In both developing and developed countries, it is a strain on health care systems. Not only does food-borne illness affect physical condition, but economically, individuals, communities, businesses, and countries are affected by food safety problems. Data and Investigative Information Being that food safety is an increasingly important public health issue, it is imperative that governments intensify their efforts to improve food safety. These efforts should be in response to an increasing number of food safety problems and rising...
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...theoretical foundations of risk management. The matrix must identify the name, year, and founder of the development; the nature of the development; and its importance in the development of risk management and quality improvement. Use this table as a graphic organizer to summarize the theoretical underpinnings and historical development of risk management and quality improvement. Historical Development (Name, Year) Founder of Event Nature of Development Importance to Development of Risk Management and Quality Improvement 1. The National Health care Quality Report, 2011 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality The nature of the development is to monitor and control nationally the quality of care in the United States. These reports measure trends in effectiveness of care, patient safety, timeliness of care, patient centeredness, and efficiency of care. In the 20th century new chapters on care coordination, health system infrastructures are put into place. The reports present, in chart form, the latest available findings on quality of and access to health care. According to Priority areas for national action: Transforming health care quality (2003), the committee decided a framework would be useful in helping to identify potential candidates for the priority areas.The framework encompasses four domains of care, they are the following; Staying healthy (preventive care). Getting better (acute care). Living with illness/disability (chronic care). Coping with end of life (palliative care)...
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...FOOD SAFETY KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES OF FOOD RECOVERY AGENCY WORKERS BEFORE AND AFTER FOOD SAFETY TRAINING A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in The School of Human Ecology by Sara Katherine Waggoner B.S., Texas Christian University, 2002 May 2004 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my deep appreciation to Dr. Michael Keenan who served as one of my major professors on this project. His concern for his students and colleagues is extraordinary, and his enthusiasm regarding the field of nutrition is inspiring. A sincere expression of gratitude goes to my other major professor Dr. Elizabeth Reames. She is an excellent mentor, and it has truly been a blessing to work with such an amazing person. I would like to thank Dr. Maren Hegsted, a committee member who has been an incredible support to me during my time here at LSU. She has always been there to offer advice and to answer my endless questions. Also, I would like to show appreciation to Dr. Georgiana Tuuri, a committee member whose energy and smile were always sources of encouragement. A very special thank you is also extended to my family and friends for their patience, understanding, and support throughout this endeavor. Finally, thank you to the entire faculty, staff, and students of the School of Human Ecology for their thoughtfulness...
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...U.S. Governments Role in Consumer Protection & Advertising The United States government has continued to grow in size and influence, its effect on marketing is no exception. Consumer protection and product safety include the efforts made by government, nonprofit organizations, businesses, and individuals to create, protect, and enforce the rights of consumers who buy products or services. This may also be identified as consumerism, or the organized efforts of individuals, groups, and organizations to protect the rights of consumers (Pride102). Consumer protection was brought upon through several medians, but is primarily attributed to background legislation. The first major federal law to affect the marketing environment was the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, which prohibited contracts, combinations, and conspiracies to restrain trade, in an attempt to discourage monopolies (Pride 73). Many federal laws regarding consumer protection have since followed, such as the Wheeler-Lea Act of 1936 and the FTC Act of 1914. Such legislation is generally the work of the Federal Trade Commission, which was created in the aforementioned FTC Act of 1914, and is considered the primary consumer protection agency at the federal level. By the 1950’s the consumerism movement had a substantial following and consumers began pushing for legal protection against malicious business practices. Two of the most well known and significant consumer activists are Ralph Nader and the late John...
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...Kayla Shelton Professor Lodge UNIV 200 14 April 2011 Ensuring Consumer Safety: Toward Redefining the U.S. Food and Drug Administration The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. The FDA is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the regulation and supervision of foods, medical devices, and prescription and over-the-counter pharmaceutical drugs (medications). The FDA regulates and supervises medical devices and drugs throughout their development, manufacturing, process of approval, marketing, and post marketing stages. When a drug or medical device is granted approval by the FDA, it will shortly become marketed in the United States and available for public use. The FDA responsibility during this post marketing stage consists of ensuring product safety and efficacy through continued research and testing of the product. If the FDA discovers safety or efficacy problems with the medical device or drug, they are also responsible for removing the product off the market and informing the public of their findings. The FDA is a very powerful United States government agency, who plays a crucial role in American citizen’s health and well-being. Through their legal authority established by the United States government, the FDA is chiefly responsible for ensuring the American public’s health and safety in the foods we eat, to the medicines we take to cure a common cold, to the treatment choices...
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...The issue of cleaning up food production spiked in the early 20th century, when factories and other means of mass producing the food came up. Upton Sinclair wrote “The Jungle”, detailing the horrid conditions in the factories; feces were found in much of the factory’s food and the workers had no sanitation training whatsoever. The factory was just a pile of filth. This is when the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) really cracked down on its policies, like the Pure Food and Drug Act. Since then, the FDA, along with other branches of the government have heightened the standards that food is held to. Many people blame the government when it is actually the companies who are producing the food who are to be held responsible. Even though companies do not always hold high standards for their quality of food, the government makes food quality one of their biggest concerns, and holds a high standard for it. Concerns of food safety includes many things like assuring the quality of packaging and the sanitary policies of company, but by far the most focused on and possessing the potential to do the most harm, is the issue of food-borne illness. “Food borne illness remains a huge public health challenge in the United States, causing an estimated 48 million illness episodes and 3000 deaths annually (Stewart).” The government is the one that is ultimately held responsible for these deaths and episodes, even if the companies slip up and cause one of these. Bashing the government is the logical...
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...The Threat of Foodborne Infections The Threat of Foodborne Infections Foodborne infections pose a threat to everyone. Although the United States has one of the safest food supplies in the world, foodborne infections are relatively prominent in this nation. For example, there has recently been some contaminated produce, such as spinach and lettuce, which was distributed to numerous states that has caused a variety of unwanted symptoms and even resulted in death. This was widely reported in the news and had many individuals worried about what they were eating. Although the United States has many ways to combat the contamination of our food supply, it is still a threat to the nation. Foodborne infections can result from unsafe handling of food in the home, at the grocery store, at restaurants, as well as in many other places. Because foodborne infections are so easily transmitted, we need to be aware of how to protect ourselves and others from their harmful effects. Foodborne infections result from many different pathogens in our foods. These pathogens include bacteria, viruses, and parasites. It is estimated that there are 76 million illnesses, 325,000 hospitalizations, and 5,000 deaths in the United States each year due to foodborne infections. Montana statistics from 2005 reveal that there were 16 incidents and 693 cases of foodborne infections. (Mead et al., 2000). It is suspected that many cases of foodborne infections are not reported, either due to severity...
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...longer lives as well as aiding infertile couples with creating children that otherwise would not have been born. Perhaps the biggest problem that humans face in their lives is how to quickly produce enough food to support a growing population. “The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization estimate that the world will have to grow 70 percent more food by 2050 just to keep up with population growth. Climate change will make much of the world's land more difficult to farm” (Freedman, 2013). In addition to feeding the American people, farmers in the United States are also supplying food to the rest of the world. While Americans tend to over consume and waste much of the blessing that they have been given, there are thousands of people all over the world struggling to get enough food to keep themselves alive. While America has plenty of struggling citizens who find themselves homeless and in need of assistance in order to feed themselves, other countries have their population declining because the citizens in those countries have nowhere to turn for the help they need. “The United States is the world’s largest supplier of food aid, reaching fifty-five million people in forty-six countries last year” (Baragona, 2011). Genetically modified foods are foods derived from organisms whose genetic material has been modified in a way that does not naturally occur (World Health Organization, 2014). It allows individual genes to be transferred from one organism to another...
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...Recommendations………………………………………………………………………………………………..Page 13 Abstract At the heart of the issues of corruption in the FDA and USDA are the appointees to the departments. Many are former employees of Monsanto. A former director of Monsanto made the statement Monsanto should not have to vouchsafe the safety of biotech food that is the job of the FDA. The FDA says that food manufactures should be responsible for what they produce. Ironically, the FDA is controlled largely by Monsanto, and Monsanto is regulated by the United States Government, with neither side willing to take ownership of the issue. The first Monsanto appointees in the FDA were placed under the first Bush administration. In each subsequent administration more appointees were taken from Monsanto. President Obama is responsible for the largest number of appointments with the greatest conflict of interests. Corruption in the FDA and USDA Corruption in government is nothing new, no matter what country, state, city or province. Governmental corruption has been a problem for every civilization since civilizations began. The United States government is certainly no exception to this problem, but two agencies in particular, the Food...
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...Outbreaks? Allen Leckband Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University MGMT 533 Abstract Foodborne illnesses pose a significant risk to public safety and every year millions of Americans are sickened and many die because of improper food handling, preparation, and storage. Government agencies that are responsible for food safety are tasked with regulation and inspections are often ineffective because corporations that fail inspections are not concerned about penalties imposed on them by the USDA and FDA. Civil suits by victims of foodborne illnesses are often difficult to win and do not affect larger corporations. The Department of Justice is attempting to prosecute individuals from corporations that are responsible for foodborne illness outbreaks but there is currently no legislation holds individuals from corporations responsible for foodborne illness outbreaks to be held criminally liable. Should Corporations Be Criminally Liable for Foodborne Illness Outbreaks? Introduction Foodborne illness represents a serious threat to everyone in the United States and according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 1 in 6 or 48 million Americans are sickened each year by consuming contaminated foods or beverages resulting in an estimated 128,000 hospitalizations and 3,000 deaths. (“Foodborne Illness”, 2014). Foodborne illness or food poisoning as it is sometimes referred to, is most often caused when bacteria, viruses, molds, and parasites enter the human gastrointestinal...
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...Did you know that in the United States each year… Wash hands, utensils, and surfaces often. Don’t cross-contaminate. Use a food thermometer. Chill food promptly. Clean. Separate. Cook. Chill. United States Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service Food handling safety risks are more common than most people think. …76 million cases of foodborne illness occur. …more than 325,000 people are hospitalized for foodborne illness. …5,000 people will die from foodborne illness. To find out more about food safety, visit befoodsafe.gov. Questions? Click on Ask Karen or call 1-888-MPHotline. Harmful Bacteria Can Make People Sick. Four Easy Lessons The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720–2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C....
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...United States v. Rutherford Unites States - Defendant vs. Glen L Rutherford on behalf of Terminally Ill Cancer Patients: Plaintiffs No. 78-605 Supreme Court of the United States 442 U.S. 544 Argued: April 25th, 1979; Decided: June 18th, 1979 Facts of the Case: In 1975, terminally ill cancer patients filed suit urging the government to stop interfering with the marketing and distribution of the cancer drug, Laetrile. Laetrile at the time was available outside the US and was believed to be an effective cancer treatment. It was derived from an extract of apricot pits and almonds. These terminally ill patients felt this drug was their last option. The FDA blocked approval under the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act because it was waiting on further clinical research for efficacy and safety of this drug. The district court ordered the government to permit purchases of the drug by a plaintiff when it was found that Laetrile was nontoxic at normal doses. The Court of Appeals had the District Court ask the FDA to determine if Laetrile was considered a “new drug” in addition to determining if it was exempt from the Food Drug and Cosmetic Act’s two grandfather clauses on premarketing approvals. The Commissioner of the FDA determined Laetrile was a new drug by definition and was not exempt under either of the grandfather clauses. The District Court concluded that Laetrile was considered a new drug but was allowed exemption from the 1962 grandfather clause. The district court also...
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...“Food Safety- noun- the issues surrounding the production, handling, storage and cooking of food that determine whether or not it is safe to eat.”(Agriculture Dictionary.com) Have you ever wondered if what you are buying from the grocery store or market is safe to eat? Or if the Burger you ordered is fresh? Well, in the U.S. you can obtain a deadly bacterium by just eating a single under cooked burger or even grabbing a fresh healthy salad, which contains E.Coli from unwashed produce. Your daily food consumption needs to be a constant concern to every member of your family. The Food and Drug Administration is attempting to keep things in control but every year there are over 1,000 incidences reported and hundreds of deaths from contaminated food. Until the agencies that are in charge of food safety which include the FDA and also the Department of Agriculture and World Trade Organization. Recently they added the Food Safety Modernization Act, but even with this department’s food safety is still a major global issue. In order to improve food safety and quality the Food and Drug administration needs more power to mandate inspections more frequently and to increase the severity of the requirements to prevent deadly pathogens that cause thousands of illnesses and deaths each year. There is major concern for the safety of our food in the United States. According to Hosansky, “an estimated 5,000 people die yearly and some 76 million are sickened because of food borne pathogens like...
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...he United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is a regulatory body vetted by the US Federal Government. It is responsible for securing the safety of its citizens and livestock in the realm of consumables like food, medicines, chemicals and all of their biological delivery methods. The FDA charter, by default, makes it intimately tied to various industrial and economic entities within the United States. Since the United States is the principal world leader in economics, the FDA is often viewed as the most efficient, thorough, and authoritative food and drug organization in the world. While the US FDA oversees the majority of food and medical innovation internationally, it is not the only world class regulatory department actively engaged in the safety of the world’s population. Comparable government committees throughout the industrialized world have matching, if not higher, standards than the US FDA. Without the “red tape” associated with...
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