...better after the fact. Aggressive communicators have a selfish approach to interaction, generally having little regard for the opinions or feelings of others. They use criticism and ridicule and achieve goals at the expense of others. They tend to blame anyone but themselves for things that don't suit them. Assertive communicators display self-confidence, show a genuine interest in problem-solving and have the ability to listen to all sides of a story. They have the ability to confront conflict in a positive and mutually beneficial manner. They can say the right thing at the right time and are direct and honest. The two type of communications are formal and informal communication. Formal communication is prefined by the organization’s reporting structure and chain of command. There are three types of formal communications: upward, downward, and horizontal. The upward communication provides feedback from nomanagement employees to management . Downward communication generally moves from...
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...Types of Teams P5 – Describe the different types of teams that operate within a selected public service TERM: Formal | Meaning or explanation: A formal team is one that has been created to carry out a certain role or achieve a certain goal. It will also have a clearly structured ranking system. | | Example from Public Service: An example of this in the public services is the Uk Riot Police. These specially trained officers are put in a team to maintain public order during riots they have a clear ranking system as a senior officer is often in control of several teams at one time. | TERM: Informal | Meaning or explanation: A informal team is one that works without a hierarchy but will still try to achieve a common goal. In this type of group everyone has equal input and equal say. | | Example from Public Service: An example of this in the public services is Patrol officers this is a team of around two officers who will move around an area in order to prevent crimes. Whilst on patrol both officers are equals and will listen to each other when responding to emergencies. | TERM: Temporary | Meaning or explanation: A temporary team is one that is set up to achieve a one off goal or set up an event but once the task has been completed the team is then disbanded. | Photo | Example from Public Service : | TERM: Project | Meaning or explanation: This is a team whose members are usually from various organizations who are assigned to the group by these organizations...
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...The opening sections of these novels differ greatly because of a number of factors about the story and the books production in general. The start of the Lady in the Lake uses very simple lexis 'I went past him through an arcade' and also chatty language is used. ' You might say I'm from Lieutenant M'Gee ' This shows that this is an informal text. This conincides with the attitudes to formality in the era that the book is set (1940's) The lexis is also foreign which gives us the nationality of the character and the intial setting of the story ' The sidewalk in front of it'. The Woman in White differs from this by having much more complex and archeic lexis 'The quiet twilight was still trembling on the topmost ridges of the heath'. This gives us the setting which in this case is Victorian England, a time when formaility and social class were very important. This contrasts with the much more informal Lady in the Lake. Phonological features are present in the Lady in the Lake 'Cream of the crop'. This shows that the text has been crafted and therefore to entertain readers. The Woman in White has a lot more phonological features, some however flow in a single sentance which makes it seem almost poetic ' seemed to be sinking in unison, languidly and more languidly, with the sinking sun'. This text has definately been much more finely crafted which paints a fine mental picture of the sceneary and of the feelings and emotions of the idividual in this section. Graphology is greatly...
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...departments- limited information network; centralization – decision making is concentrated at the top of the organization; chain of command – few subordinates reporting to one supervisor; specialization – dividing work to be done in very small parts. On the other hand, the organic or amorphous boundary less model is a structure that is flat and uses cross-hierarchical and cross-functional teams – communication and interaction are free flowing; low formalization – less written rules; possesses a comprehensive information network – communication is done via electronic mail; wide spans of control – many subordinates report to one supervisor; low specialization – knowledge resides where it is most useful; decentralization – great deal of formal and informal participation in decision-making. In assessing my organization which is a government secondary school, I would characterize my organization as organic. Within the secondary institution, teachers lecture according to specialized subject areas. The plant is managed by the Principal who receives directives from his/her immediate supervisors within the Ministry of Education; assisted by the Deputy Principal. There is a clear chain of command as to the flow of information within the organization as it relates to...
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...Formal and Informal Networks Within the System Kara Cook-Tate Walden University There are so many resources available for the human service worker and their clients. Having the knowledge about these resources is the determining factor of whether it’s going to make you or break you. You have to have set goals in mind. Dedicate the time it takes to research and network. Figure out what will and won’t work for each individual client. Some of the resources available will work for some but not necessarily for everyone. As I read through Chapter 8 in our text, I started to finally see a much bigger picture than what I was expecting. I know the job is going to be difficult within itself, but that’s exactly what I’m hoping for. When I’m not really interested in something, I get bored and lazy and start to procrastinate and not give it my all. School is a prime example. It’s tedious and I loathe it. I achieve the minimum just to get by. With this job, there are so many avenues to explore and discover. I’m also a busy body and love to stick my nose in other peoples’ business. This is why this is the perfect job for me. According to the CASA case study there are a lot of formal networks being utilized. Since CASA is a non-profit agency, let’s take a look at the top of the list for the formal networks. The agency has to get its funding from somewhere. So where should we turn to for that? There is state or federal funding, and then charity as in donations, fund-raising...
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...Quezon City Polytechnic University 673 Brgy. San Bartolome, Quirino Highway Novaliches, Quezon City The Effects of Social Networking Sites on the Students in Writing Skills A library paper presented to the Faculty of Department of Languages in Partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the course (Writing in Discipline) Submitted to: Ms. Meldred O. Avila Submitted by: Caparas, John Carlo A. Cayanan, Emilinda Gatdula, John Paul B. Legazpi, John Jayson Oseo, Emma Tesorero, Mark Lester Madiam, Erika Malto, Domingo III B March 30,2012 Acknowledgement We are heartily thankful to our Professor, Ms. Meldred O. Avila, whose encouragement, guidance and support from the initial to the final level enabled me to develop an understanding of the subject. Our grateful thanks also go to our friends and classmates of BSIT-1I who give us idea about this program. A big contribution and hard worked from all of you during the four weeks is very great indeed. All projects during the program would be nothing the enthusiasm and imagination from all of you. Besides, this program makes us realized the value of working together as a team and as a new experience in working environment, which challenges us every minute. The whole library paper really brought us together to appreciate the true value of friendship and respect of each other. Also we want to thank www.google.com for giving us resources and information. Lastly, We offer our...
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...Functional Areas of Business 14 TARMAC Assessment Task 1 Functional Areas of Business 14 TARMAC Assessment Task 1 Contents Contents Contents 1 Introduction 2 Findings 3 Sources of Information 5 Introduction Within this report it will be explained what factors have affected the structure of tarmac and how, how tarmac takes account of its functional areas, the advantages and disadvantages that their structure has upon the activities of tarmac, tarmac's interaction with its environment and hoe they are able to meet their goals, internal and external stakeholders and the influence that they can have on the formal and informal organization in terms of power, authority and responsibility. Findings Q.1. Tarmac have 5 very clear goals and like to make sure that they are clearly defined and easily remembered, they do this by using a mnemonic 'Dream', this stands for Develop markets, Reduce costs, Engage employees, Act responsibly and Manage assets. They work toward meeting these goals by focusing on each goal differently, they work towards developing the markets by working closely with their key customers to ensure that they can do this right they split up the organization into three businesses, this will allow them to develop each area separately with the right people with the right skills in each area which will help them towards achieving their goals. Q.2. Tarmac has chosen a matrix structure with the focus being on functional areas and customers...
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...business details on the front and the personal contact details on the back 2. Shaking hands Shaking hands is a common form of greeting • A handshake is standard for business occasions and when visiting a home. • Women do not always shake hands. • In business, a light handshake is standard. • When visiting a home, a handshake is proper; however, a handshake is not always correct at social occasions. Observe what others do. • In the UK it is usually a single right hand that does the shaking. Very few people shake with their left hand and it is deemed rude to offer your hand without taking your glove off first. 3. Bowing 4. Kissing 5. Being formal or informal 6. Punctuality • Punctuality is paramount. You should always arrive for an appointment/meeting on time, maybe even five minutes early. If you are going to be late, telephone and give a time when you expect you will arrive. 7. Humor • Do not make jokes about the royal family. 8. Eye contact • The British often...
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...side) = ee-mo 이모 16 Uncle (mom's side) = ee-mo-boo 이모부 17 Uncle/Close, Much Older Male (both sides) = sam-chon 삼촌 18 Aunt (dad's side) = gho-mo 고모 19 Uncle (dad's side) = gho-mo-bo 고모부 20 Taxi = tek-shi 택시 21 School = hak-gyo 학교 22 Friend = Chingu 친구 23 Stupid / Fool = Pabo / Babo 바보 24 Fantastic/Great = Deebak Conversational Phrases 1 My name is ____= je ireumeun 제 이세요 or joo seh yo (please give me something) 2 The food was delicious (I ate well) = jal-mug-ut-seum-ni-da 잘먹었습니다 3 I like you (I like it) = joh wah heh yo 좋아해요 4 I love you (formal) = naneun dangshineul saranghamnida 나는 당신을 사랑합니다 5 I love you (informal) = saranghaeyo 사랑해요 6 Turn around = dwi-ro-dora 뒤로돌아 7 Hi or Bye (informal) = annyeong 안녕 (add Haseyo for formal) 8 Thank you = kam-sa-ham-ni-da (thank you very much) / go-map-seum-ni-dah (thanks) 감사합니다, 고맙습니다 9 I'm hungry = beh go-pah-yo (use yo when talking to adults) 배고파요 انا 10 Where is the restroom? = hwa-jang-shi-lee-eo-di-eh-i-sseo-yo? 화장실화 어디에 있어요? 11 Are you OK? = gwen-chahn-ah-yo? 괜찮아요? 12 How much does it cost? =...
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...FORMAL AND INFORMAL LETTERS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | FORMAL | | INFORMAL | | | | | | | Name | | Dear Mr/Mrs/Ms DupuisDear Mary | | Hi/Hello MaryMary,....(or no name at all) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Previous contact | | Thank you for your e-mail of...Further to your last e-mail,...I apologise for not getting in contact with you before now. | | Thanks for your e-mail.Re your e-mail,...Sorry, I haven't written for ages, but I've been really busy. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Reason for writing | | I am writing in connection with...I am writing with regard to...In reply to your e-mail, here are...Your name was given to me by...We would like to point out that... | | Just a short note about...I'm writing about...Here's the...you wanted. I got your name from...Please note that... | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Giving information | | I'm writing to let you know that...We are able to confirm that...I am delighted to tell you that...We regret to inform you that... | | Just a note to say...We can confirm that...Good news!Unfortunately,... | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Attachments | | Please find attached my report.I'm sending you ... as a pdf file. | | I've attached...Here is the...you...
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...The Art of Writing Business Letters Write letter in a manner such as to secure the respect and consideration of the person with whom you correspond. The rules for the mechanical execution of a letter are few; understanding and observing the rules already considered for composition, the writer has only to study perfect naturalness of expression, to write a letter well. [pic][pic] Variously missing from their letters are headings, dates, inside addresses, salutations and complimentary closings. And the forms are disheveled. Frankly, in terms of form, often I am unable to distinguish any discernible differences between letters written by students, their teachers and by many other professionals. Apparently, for many, the art of writing a standard business letter has been lost. What are considered essential elements for a standard business letter. Know the format. Whatever the content of your letter, visually it should resemble the picture below. Note that business letters are composed in common fonts such as Arial or Times New Roman, and that they are justified to the left. Most employ block paragraphing - i.e., to start a new paragraph, hit "return" twice and don't use an indent. [pic] [pic] Letterhead. Include the sender's company and the company address; if you're self-employed or an independent contractor, add your name either in place of the company name or on top of it. If your company has pre-designed letterhead, use this; otherwise, simply typing the...
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...CULTURE Talking about the work culture of the FMCG sector is that the culture is dynamic which is something hard to develop and easy to lose. Five organizations namely Hindustan Liver, Colgate, Palmolive,P&G,Nestle and Britannia is often stratified as having a good culture. The mode of communication is informal and in fact the dress code is also informal for work and formal for meetings. If we talk about the weak points of the sector, then probably it would be the work load that the employees have to bear with in terms of the work pressure, timings, regular performance and the exhaustive field work and the excess work pressure at times results in creating a lot of stress for the people,but as they say there is no substitute for hard work. Talking about the general insight is that people value colleagues as individuals and believe in maintaining relationships with each other. The important aspects of the FMCG Sector culture are: 1. The way an employee approaches his office every morning 2. The kind of relationships developed amongst employees 3. The level of performance from each of the employees Talking about HUL as an organization: High ethical standards in terms of people and environment are maintained Informal behavior and dressing is functional Equal opportunities are given The basic underlying Moto is: “Doing well by doing good” P&G They have flexible working hours so it is basically performance oriented. Around 40 hrs a week Creativity and passion...
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...the student will explain the differences between groups and teams, examine the importance of workplace diversity in an organization, and how it relates to team dynamics in the workplace. A work group is a collection of people working in similar areas and placed together to complete a task. Groups performance is the outcome of people coming together to share information views and insights. Members of groups have a mutual purpose. As members gather together, each brings a different personal perspective and style to the table. As the members share information, they begin the decision-making processes that help each member perform his or her particular responsibility. The two main types of groups are formal groups and informal groups. A formal group is designed around an organizations formal structure. An informal group is not structured and is normally formed out of a social need (Schermerhorn Jr, Hunt, & Osborn, 2008). (Good ) Teams are groups, but teams are a distinct separation of groups. A team is a reduced number of people with corresponding skills and committed to a common purpose, a set of performance goals and an approach for which they hold themselves accountable. (Good) Teams start out as groups; (Always???) they share some of the same beginning aspects of the group then evolve into something different. Teams can have high performance if the members have the right mix of skills. Teams with members who have excellent technical, problem-solving, decision-making, and interpersonal...
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...Influencing Group Communication Your name XBCOM/230 University of Phoenix Influencing Group Communication In any organization today, one will be able to see the five basis of power at work. Some of these powers will be evident in some individuals and it may take longer to see them in other within the organization. The five basis of power that we will discuss are, coercive, reward, legitimate, expert, and referent. These five basis of power are broken down into two separate groups, one being formal and the other being informal. The formal group will consist of three of the five basis of power and they are: coercive, reward and legitimate. Obvious this leaves expert and referent as the two that will be referred to as the informal basis of power. After taking the time to look into and study each individual basis of power, I feel that the informal basis of power would be the most efficient way of leading. The three formal basis of power being coercive, reward and legitimate are the powers that I will begin to discuss. Although most people tend to have some sort of fear towards their supervisor, it takes a turn for the worst when you have a supervisor that uses coercive power on any worker. Coercive power or authority is the utilization of fear to get an employee to do what the supervisor is asking. In this day and time, with jobs being harder and harder to come by, supervisor will use the fear of an employee losing their job to the supervisor’s advantage. Both employee and...
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...along with changes of the world’s societies, have created new layers and augmented old layers within the formal communication networks of business. Formal communication networks are a flow of information and ideas through the command hierarchy of a business. On the other hand, informal communication networks also exist and ironically have become major sources of business communication. This happened with the advent of social media, increased reliance on technology and the inherent limitations of the formal communication networks. Within these communication networks are the actual flow of the ideas and information. Successful business is based on healthy communication and a large part of that is the flow of info and ideas between the top of the food chain down, then back up. This flow has many directions, with the main flows being upward-flowing and downward-flowing. Upward-flowing communication flows from employees to executives, providing insight into problems, trends, opportunities, grievances, and performance- thus allowing executives to solve problems and make intelligent decisions (pg.8). The upward flow can exist within formal or informal communication networks. In the current business world, a savvy group of executives should be aware of this dual existence. To better their business performance, executives should monitor informal communication and welcome formal communication. Just as feedback from customers is vital to the success of a business, so is the upward...
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