...Research proposal Gender Discrimination and the Role of Education to Overcome it A. Introduction: 1.1 Background Discrimination is a growing problem in each and every society and it is deep rooted in the culture of many societies, which affect the everyday working life in innumerable ways. Discrimination is a well established phenomenon, which poses a great threat to economies, organizations and individuals. There is a wide range of knowledge which helps us understand the basics of discrimination and which provides us with the required data to interpret different cases of discrimination. The existing research further helps us understand discrimination in management of all kinds, especially that due to gender. There is a wide range of knowledge, which confirms the continuing existence of gender discrimination and its deep impact on the lives of individuals and their employers. (Ashberner, 1991; Arnold et al.1995; Davidson and Cooper, 1993; Marshall et al., 1995). Gender Discrimination is the worst of all discriminations and it badly affects the progress of any society. As mentioned above, discrimination has its grounds in the culture of any society. The prevailing thought in the society acts as a catalyst in worsening the situation of gender discrimination. Pakistan is no exception to this main problem which exists almost everywhere around the globe, even in the developed...
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...Gender Discrimination: Abstract: Gender discrimination is a non-tradition security threat to Pakistan and it has implications for Pakistan security. Pakistani women are more than half of the total population, but women are treated inhumanly within their homes by their husbands or dominant males through different ways like Domestic Violence, Sawara, Vani, Karo Kari, Honour Killing, Acid Throwing, Forced Marriages etc. Gender discrimination is also deeply rooted in Pakistani society in education and employment sectors. The security of a state like Pakistan is connected with the security of whole population and a country cannot be considered secure until its whole population feel secure. For the progress and prosperity of a country there is needed to eliminate the discriminatory attitude of the society towards the women. There are multiple ways to improve gender balance in the country which will reduce gender discrimination. Key Words: Gender Discrimination, Education Sector, Employment Sector, Gender and Human Security. I. Introduction This study discusses gender discrimination as „non-traditional security‟ threat to the country. It argues that women are more than half of the population and the security of women is associated with state security. This is so because no country can be secure until its whole population feels secure. Pakistan needs to empower its women for the progress and prosperity of a country. Balance has been maintained by...
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...i Civil Services Academy, Lahore Pakistan Administrative Campus 36th STP Syndicate Research Topic: Gender Equality and Women Empowerment in Pakistan Dated: 6-12-2013 SYNDICATE MEMBERS: 1. Dharmoon Bhawani (Leader) 2. Amna Rafique 3. Kamal Khan 4. Nergis Shazia Chaudhary TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Title………………………………………………………………………………………1 2. Syndicate Members………………………………………………………………………2 3. Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………...3 4. Theme…………………………………………………………………………………….4 5. Preface……………………………………………………………………………………7 6. Thesis Statement…………………………………………………………………………8 7. Executive statement………………………………………………………………………9 8. Abbreviations………………………………………………………………………...….11 9. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………..12 10. Statement of Problems………………………………………………………………….13 11. Methodology……………………………………………………………………………14 12. Scope of Study………………………………………………………………………….14 13. Review of Literature…………………………………………………………………….15 SECTION 1: GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN EMPOWERMENT 1.1. Introduction …………………………………………………………………….17 1.2. Definition of Gender Equality and Women Empowerment…………………….17 1.3. Current state of Gender Equality and Women Empowerment in Pakistan……..18 1.4. Biswas’s Indicator of Women Empowerment ………………………………….19 1.5. Violence against Women………………………………………………………..19 1.6. Women Empowerment in Legislation and Judiciary…………………………...20 1.7...
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...Abstract Gender discrimination is an important issue in the workplace in today’s world. Female employees are facing gender discrimination in the form of different dimensions. This discrimination is disturbing their performance. The main aim of this study is to see the effect of these gender discrimination dimensions which include glass ceiling, salary gap and discrimination in facilities on the productivity of female employees with the mediating effect of job commitment and job satisfaction. The research is focused on the private education sector. The population frame is the female teachers in the private education institutes. A sample of 130 female teachers is collected for this study. The framework is developed for our study for checking the impact of glass ceiling, salary gap and discrimination in facilities on the productivity of female employees. The hypotheses are developed and after the data analysis some of the hypothesis are rejected and some of the hypothesis are not rejected. The hypotheses that the glass ceiling, discrimination in facilities and salary gap has negative impact on employee productivity is accepted which made us to conclude that these discrimination has a big impact on employee productivity and ultimately organizational performance. This study will give some guidelines to the managers and policy makers in any organization that how to reduce these discriminations. Key words: Gender discrimination, Glass ceiling, Employee productivity, salary gap...
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...any fine lines between bigotry and sexism and highlights the consequences that follows a practicing sexist bigot. Through analyzing various crimes and deviances, we will try to figure the connection between prejudice and discrimination. What is Bigotry and Sexism? Bigotry is intolerance towards those who hold different opinions from oneself.(Google, 2016).It is also stated that the word "bigot" refers to a prejudiced, closed-minded person who is intolerant or hateful toward people of a different group, especially racial or religious.(Wikipedia, 2016).Words like ‘prejudice’, ‘biasness’ etc. come under the domains of Bigotry. The fact that they are intolerant towards people of different groups brings...
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...July-December 2012, pp.439-458 Role of Civil Society in Empowering Pakistani Women Shehzadi Zamurrad Awan F.C College University ABSTRACT Civil society in Pakistan has been playing its role in social, economic and political empowerment of women. Unfortunately, despite of the emergence of vibrant print/electronic media, wide-spread network of women related non-governmental organizations and the focus of political parties on women related issues; a large segment of female population is still struggling hard for the equal status. However, it is pertinent to state that the notion of women empowerment is deeply linked with an over-all change in patriarchal structure of the society, on one side and the truthful understanding of religion (Islam) on the other. We cannot neglect this reality that the growing trend to provide equal opportunities of education and employment to women has contributed to their welfare, but not effective through to make a dent in their over-all well-being. In spite of the fact that more representation is given to the women in legislatures, neither have they suggested remedies for the grievances and dismal plight of women, nor they could suggest the broad framework to improve the role of female socio-economic and political in Pakistan. KEY WORDS: Civil Society, Pakistan, Woman, Welfare, Gender, NGO Introduction This paper intends to establish a linkage between the issues of women empowerment and the contribution of the civil society, to achieve a respectable...
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...Because of this action an organizations fate is decided either to failure or to success. Also aligning these resources with the vision, mission, goals and objectives all depends upon the right kind of people at the right place. Also the decision of hiring externally or internally is very critical as every organization uses different methods and techniques to acquire the best fit for their human resources. As per telenor, hiring had remained very critical. Telenor Pakistan are facing too many challenges, in which the hiring of the people is very important still from the date of their establishment for the reason of its excessive growth phase of its product development, as with the establishment of the its network they tend to employ more and more workers/executives and managers for the increasing ongoing activities. Different methods that Telenor Pakistan are using for hiring their employees are as follows Internal recruitments Internal recruitment stands for the recruitment within the organization, Telenor Pakistan believes that internal recruitment campaign is a successful move in attracting potentials employees of teams to the organization as it plays a critical factor in the success and hence creates a loyalty factor towards the employees for the organization. In order to continue this achievement rewarding the existing employees for their loyalty and effort has been the fundamental part of the organization. External recruitment External recruitment as per the name...
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...------------------------------------------------- ethical AND UNETHICAL practices of pepsi Class: BBA Hon’s Semester: 6th Topic: Ethical and unethical conduct of pepsi in different countries Submitted to: Madam Mehwish Name of Participant: Mubashir Irshad Safeer Hashim Usama Fiyyaz Shahriyar Shahid ACKNOWLEDGMENT Alhamdulillah first and foremost, we would like to thank God as finally we were able to finish our assignment. Secondly we would like to thank to our supervisor of this assignment, Sir Mehwish for the valuable guidance and advice. He inspired us greatly to work in this assignment. His willingness to motivate us contributed tremendously to our assignment. We also would like to thank him for showing us some example that related to the topic of our assignment. This research assignment would not have been possible without the support of many people especially group members; Mubashir, Safeer, Usama and Shahriyar for sharing the literature and invaluable assistance. Without helps of the particular that mentioned above, we would face many difficulties while doing this Introduction of Pepsi Co. International: Mr. Caleb Bradham a young pharmacist from New Bern, North Carolina City. In January 1898, this was the starting period of Pepsi-cola. Caleb Bradham created a drink, which is call "the Brad Drink". In 1903 Brad index the name drink Pepsi. At Marco level he ongoing his own produced and build his own organization. The trade extended and this drink...
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...FACTORS AFFECTING DIVERSITY IN THE WORKPLACE Arslan Ayub1, Muhammad Salman Aslam2, Adeel Razzaq3, Hanan Iftekhar4, Sabiha Hafeez5 1234 MS Scholar, Iqra University Islamabad, Pakistan National College of Business Administration & Economics Bahawalpur, Pakistan 5 Abstract The purpose of the study is to examine various organizational factors that influence diversity in the workplace. The factors incorporate organizational policies, management practices, and perceived inequity. The current paper is a conceptual paper solely based on literature review. The findings are reliable with consideration view of these organizational variables to be the factual obstacles in employing and heading workplace diversity issue on. The current study throws light on the significance of managing workplace diversity. Keywords: Organizational Policies, Workforce Diversity, Management, Management Practices, Staffing INTRODUCTION The "business case for diversity" curtails from the development of the replica of diversity within the workplace since 1960's. The inventive model for diversity was positioned around affirmative action drawing strength from the law and a need to act in accordance with equal employment opportunity objectives. This observance based model conferred to the thought that tokenism was the reason; an individual was hired into a company when they differed from the dominant group. This primarily included race, ethnicity, and gender. The social justice model evolved...
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...EMBEDDING EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES IN THE CURRICULUM 1 Rights and Responsibilities Curriculum of Inclusion Inclusive Learning Responding To Diversity Discrimination, Harassment and Bullying Celebrating the diversity of achievement Learning Support Needs and interests of communities Respecting Diversity Beyond Europe – Encompassing World knowledge in Teaching & Learning Learner Support Skills and Knowledge for Work in the Multicultural World Differentiation of Teaching and Learning Citizenship Legal Compliance Ofsted Inspection EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES IN THE VOCATIONAL CURRICULUM ©Gordon Ffrench Associates Depending on the nature of the subject and the learners, it includes some or all of the following ingredients: Inclusive teaching which takes account of the diverse learning needs, styles and preferences of learners. Responsive teaching which aims to manage the learning experience in a way which empowers and validates the diverse perspectives of learners. ©Gordon Ffrench Associates 3 Anti-discriminatory teaching which teaches learners about their rights and responsibilities to each other in the classroom, the workplace and the wider society. Attitudinal teaching which fosters understanding of how stereotyped attitudes and prejudiced thinking damage relationships, hinder communication and are therefore bad for education and bad for business. Diversity teaching which acknowledges and celebrates the contributions of men and women of all backgrounds, ages...
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...Diversity in Workplace: A study on Multinational Clothing Retail Brands Diversity in Workplace: A study on Multinational Clothing Retail Brands Course: BUS 520 Management & Organizational Behavior Section: 3 Prepared For: Dr. Muhammad Shariat Ullah North South University Prepared by: Sarah Binte Mohiuddin ID # 1512983660 Md. Farhan Khan ID # 1512984660 Tasnim Siddiqa ID # 1430824060 Md. Salauddin ID # 1513300660 Date of Submission: 03rd August, 2015 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL 03rd August, 2015 To Dr. Muhammad Shariat Ullah Associate Professor, Department of Management, University of Dhaka Subject: Submission of Project Report. Dear Sir, It is our great honor to submit our project report on “Diversity in Workplace: A study on Multinational Clothing Retail Brands.” In this endeavor, this report seeks to identify and analyze the diversity and its effects among employees in two clothing brands. The report contains statistical analysis and some findings and recommendations. It would be our enormous pleasure if you find this report useful and informative to have an apparent perspective on the issue. Thank you, 1. Sarah Binte Mohiuddin 2. Md. Farhan Khan 3. Nazifa Tasnim Siddiqa 4. Md. Salauddin ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...
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...Gender roles in the 21st century Introduction Gender roles are a set of social and behavioral norms that are generally considered appropriate for men or women in a social or interpersonal relationship. We are not sure when this practice started but pink and blue begins this lifelong process in the 21st century (Lindsey, 2005). As my research evolves, I plan to examine gender roles in various aspects of 21st century life: workplace, relationships, parenting, voting, consumer behavior, etc. Since this is such a broad topic, my research will likely lead to a paper with a more narrow focus. For now, I've chosen references which are established articles on this broader topic. This research will likely become more focused as I develop the paper. Origin of Gender Roles The gender roles have evolved a great deal from the onset of the human civilization which started as hunter gathers. The males were primarily responsible to provide food, shelter and protection while the women looked after the offspring and took care of the tribe. The Functionalist perspective explains this fairly non-overlapping segregation of gender roles in the pre-industrial society. Evolution of Gender Roles For a considerable period of time there was little or no interaction between the different civilizations and therefore each society developed its own distinct culture and the socialization process. The local socio-economic factors, religious beliefs, legal and political factors had huge impact of the...
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...Sexism is the discrimination by members of one sex against the other. It has always been a major issue for women which also applies to men, but it is less common. Sexism is one of the five major forms of discrimination. Discrimination in gender is indicated in jobs, sports, advertising, etc. Although, it has decreased compared to before, it is still alive and around. Women struggle to get the same rights as men, especially in the work place. For example, my parents both work as nurses, however, my dad gets paid more when they both do the same exact thing. So where does sexism come from? In the old days, sexism is learned from your parents or the people around you. However, we don’t live in the old days anymore. Children, nowadays, pick up things from the media. The media plays a huge role in kids and teenagers lives. They don’t entirely shape us as the person that we are today but they are a big reason for the way we think, act, and speak. In the media, women are displayed as objects instead of actual human beings. Take a Carl’s Jr. commercial for example, most of it includes a half naked woman advertising their food which I find very disrespectful, demeaning, and very insulting to women. How can we be taken seriously if we can’t be treated with respect. How would guys feel if the roles were switched, if instead of the women, we have men making a fool of themselves on commercials. I understand that discrimination does not only apply to females, however, we do have it worse. ...
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...racial and sexual job discrimination. Which of these seem to you to be the strongest? The weakest? Can you think of different kinds of arguments not discussed in the text? Are there important differences between racial discrimination and sexual discrimination?” The three main kinds of arguments against racial and sexual job discrimination are Civil * Rights Act of 1964, Executive Order 11246 and Equal Employment Opportunity 1972. Civil Rights Act of 1964 The federal Civil:- Rights Act of 1964, Title VII, prohibits employers from discriminating against job seekers and employees on the basis of race, religion, sex, pregnancy, and national origin. Private employers with less than 15 employees are not subject to the Act. However, some states do not set numerical limits. California, for example, prohibits racial or sexual discrimination no matter how few workers the company employs. * Executive Order 11246:- Executive Order requires companies doing business with the federal government to take steps to redress racial imbalance in workforce. It emphasizes on the equality given on all the aspects of employment given to someone. * Equal Employment Opportunity 1972:- Equal Employment Opportunity urge employers not to adversely single out employees or applicants on the basis of age, race, gender, sex, sexual orientation, national origin, disability, religion, or various other reasons. Federal and state statutes make up most of the employment discrimination laws. Prohibited...
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...Strengthening Democracy and Democratic Institutions in Pakistan UNDERSTANDING LABOUR ISSUES IN PAKISTAN PILDAT is an independent, non-partisan and not-for-profit indigenous research and training institution with the mission to strengthen democracy and democratic institutions in Pakistan. PILDAT is a registered non-profit entity under the Societies Registration Act XXI of 1860, Pakistan. ©Pakistan Institute of Legislative Development And Transparency - PILDAT All rights Reserved Revised Edition: December 2009 First Published: June 2005 Second Published: November 2006 ISBN: 978-969-558-147-6 978-969-558-021-1 978-969-558-021-9 Any part of this publication can be used or cited with a clear reference of this publication and PILDAT Published by Pakistan Institute of Legislative Development And Transparency No. 7, 9th Avenue, F-8/1, Islamabad, Pakistan Tel: (+92-51) 111-123-345; Fax: (+92-51) 226-3078 E-mail: info@pildat.org; URL: www.pildat.org P I L D AT BRIEFING PAPER FOR PARLIAMENTARIANS UNDERSTANDING LABOUR ISSUES IN PAKISTAN CONTENTS Foreword Profile of the Author Overview Labour in the Informal Economy Wages and Workers Finance Bill 2006 and Anti Labour Legislation Finance Bill 2008 and Labour Legislation Industrial Relations Act 2008 Strengths Weaknesses State of Trade Unionism in Pakistan Impact of globalization and economic growth on labour in Pakistan State Institutions State Tripartite Institutional Arrangements Pakistan Tripartite Labour Conference Provincial Minimum...
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