...To what extent did women’s status improve in Nazi Germany? Hitler had a very clear idea of women’s role; she was the centre of family life, a housewife and the mother. Their job was to keep the house nice for their husband and family – their lives should revolve round the three ‘ks’, church, children and cooking. This ideal was based around Hitler wanting to achieve his long held goal of Lebensraum to increase the German Aryan population. Strasser argues that ‘National Socialism intended to restore the natural order, and states that this was to accord women the respect they deserved as mothers and housewives’, therefore improving their status. However Carey argues that women’s position did not improve and “throughout the civil war women endured horrific human rights violations...women were raped tortured, and killed.” To a greater extent, it is more credible to argue that women’s status did not improve in Nazi Germany because they were fixed with a specific role of being a housewife and breeding children and women who did not fit the German ideal were persecuted. Word count: Cumulative word count: Married women benefitted as they were rewarded with incentives, such as loans. This is evident through the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage which was passed in July 1933. This enabled ‘newlyweds to take out a loan of 1000 marks’, with the agreement that for every child they had from this point onward they would not have to pay back 25% of the loan. This meant that if...
Words: 3129 - Pages: 13
...Riefenstahl’s production of the feature films “Triumph of the Will” (Source 3) and “Olympia” (Source 1) have left a lasting imprint on history; these films established Riefenstahl’s influential career as a film director under the years of the Nazi regime. Although these films are attributed by scholars and critics to be Riefenstahl’s greatest achievements they are also considered to be her greatest fault, for the political connotation attached to their purpose. Before World War II, Riefenstahl was praised for her artistic achievements of these films, however the post-war years present a hostile reception to her work, as they have since been decontextualised and criticised for their questionable propagandist content. Riefenstahl’s impact on history has changed greatly overtime, as she is remembered for both her artistic contribution to the social and cultural life of Germany and pioneering of revolutionary cinematography and in contrast, her association with Hitler and the Nazi party. Since a young age Leni has had a passion for dance and quickly became a star pupil. Riefenstahl gained a reputation on Berlin's dance circuit and she quickly moved into films. She made a series of films for Arnold Fanck, and her fame spread to countries outside of Germany. In 1932, Riefenstahl produced her own work called "The Blue Light" (Source 2) and got a very positive response. The film attracted the attention of Hitler, and is said to have believed that the image Riefenstahl created for herself in...
Words: 645 - Pages: 3
...Antisemitism in Nazi Germany The term antisemitism has been defined in a variety of ways since its creation in 1879, but boils down to simply, the hatred of Jews. While antisemitic prejudices can be traced back long before the Holocaust, the state-sponsored mass murder of roughly six million Jews in addition to millions of other non-Jews by Nazi Germany, it is of course the most extreme example in human history. This paper will examine the invention of the word itself by Wilhelm Marr and what its invention contributed to the Nazi ideology, how the political status and long-standing hatred of the Jews influenced support for antisemitic prejudices, and the ideas that Nazism drew on for their own form of antisemitic beliefs. As previously mentioned, the term antisemitism was coined by journalist Wilhelm Marr to contrast his scientific and racial hatred of the Jews with religious forms of anti-Judaism. While Marr could have used the conventional German term, “Judenhass,” to refer to his hatred of the Jews, his new term eliminated the any religious connotation that the conventional word may have carried with it. The distinction between the hatred of the Jews for political, economic, or religious reasons and the hatred of them for racially based reasons is important to antisemitic beliefs because while in theory, the Jews could have adjusted their political, economic, and religious practices to assimilate with society, but attributing the problem to their supposed “race” left...
Words: 976 - Pages: 4
...Throughout the history, women’s roles in different countries have been very diverse, and some cultures still adhere to traditional views. Depending on historical conditions, the role of women in Germany varied according to the principles of different epochs. When the Nazi Party came to rule, it dictated its perspective on women’s rights and duties, which was based on their ideology of Nazism. At that time, the role of women was quite specific and thought-out. In the beginning of 20th century, German women demanded that they get the right to vote, and succeeded in 1919. They also began working in spheres that were previously considered as dominated by men, stepped out of fashion boundaries by shortening their hair and skirts, and were freer...
Words: 665 - Pages: 3
...Account for the Progressive Radicalization of the Nazi Regime. The power structure of the Nazi regime lacked a legitimate and stable democratic order, being ruled over by a charismatic figure, Hitler, who offered through his propaganda a new and better future for the people. In 1919 Hitler joined the German Workers Party, an extreme right wing national party that played on the Germans hatred of the Treaty of Versailles. In 1920 the party changed its name to the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP) and Hyperinflation in 1923 with the Weimer Government ruined the middle class and furthered the dissatisfaction of the German people with the current Government. This presented the NSDAP an opportunity to present a policy that would benefit Germany. The regime offered opportunities to the population with security across the community and a direction of supremacy for their race. Policies of the Nazis did not include involving the broader population in the more brutal and violent parts of their rule, thus the people’s communities were forged through genocide. Hitler was obsessed with having a pure racial community in Germany and an extension of land for Germany eventuating in world domination and he pursued these objectives with ruthlessness and inhuman brutality. Progressive radicalization was inevitable due to the chaotic anti-Semitism beliefs and competitive nature of an elite ruler and a few devout followers. The propaganda campaigns are what paved the way to anti-Semitism...
Words: 2223 - Pages: 9
...Ashes to Ashes by Sabina Berman and Harold Pinter, respectively, were great plays however I only thoroughly enjoyed the Mustache because of its humorous nature. The Mustache started out as a very comedic play but transitioned into a serious gender based play. Both actors were acting his/her false sexual orientation when together but deep down each character was homosexual. Ashes to Ashes was just a very confusing play to be however I progressively began to understand the allusions to massive killings, perhaps in the case of Nazi Germany. However, each play consisted of its own values and ulterior meanings, and I was able to understand each play’s message. The Mustache was a very interesting play with a married couple starting their morning as such of a typical relationship. However, the couple progressively turned from sunshine into a bickering mess. The wife was at first angry because the husband had been wearing her mustache at the party they had attended. I didn’t expect this at first because a mustache is usually what is grown on men as a sign of both masculinity and age. They then started talking back about the party and the husband’s encounter with an archetype of a woman. This started to make me realize that there was a gender and sexuality message within the play as soon as the husband started listing out what his girl had possessed. Words such as young, beautiful, skinny, etc. were used to describe what the husband, and most men in society look for when they see...
Words: 921 - Pages: 4
... From time to time, Jewish population has experienced deliberate attacks (pogroms) yet have managed to survive as a group and as a religion. * Nazi policy towards the Jews was the most brutal and horrific example of anti-Semitic behaviour in history * Nazis developed a deliberate policy to kill the Hews who lived in Germany — In 1922, 60% of the worl’d’s population of Jews occupied land in German and its area. By 1945, 2/3 of the Jewish population had been killed * By the 19th Century: German-Jews had won greater acceptance in that they made very important contributions to the intellectual, financial, educational and cultural life of the nation. * During WW1, 100 000 Jewish soldiers died during the conflict. * In the Weimar Republic, Jews enjoyed equal rights with all other Germans and some even rose to high positions in the civil service and the government. * Late 19th Century: Jews represented a challenge to the concept of the nationalism, especially when there was a development of the Volkisch movement. * Bt the start of the 20th Century, ideology of the racially pure was being embraced by all, and the Jews were not part of it. * German Historian Heinrich von Treitschke in the 1880’s said that ‘The Jews are our misfortune’ — A quote which was quickly adapted by the Nazis in the 1930s * Hitlers hatred of the Jews was at the heart of his view of the world — an ‘obsession’ that never waned * In Hitlers view, civilisation...
Words: 3042 - Pages: 13
...5. Why did the Franco regime seek to reverse gains made by Spanish women in the early twentieth century? Indisputably, General F. Franco’s dictatorship in a “Nationalist Spain” truncated both social and political progress made by women throughout the period of the early 1900s. In order to discuss the crucial motives for the totalitarian regime’s reversal of such developments, a brief historical background of European stances on the roles of women must firstly be examined. As established by H. Graham, attempts at preserving socio-cultural conservatism to uphold political ideologies during this era were geared primarily towards the reiteration of traditional gender roles in society. The influence of existent policies in a Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany at this time were, undoubtedly, of great influence on Franco’s regime. Earlier legislation enforcing this conservative perspective in Spain confirms such views, in that under these laws women could only conduct certain economic affairs, make purchases and sign contracts under supervision of a dominant husband - “el permiso marital” being required. This concept of subordination to men permeated Spanish society, restricting women to lives of exclusive domesticity. As ‘queen of the home’, the majority of middle and lower class women were uneducated illiterates, generally ignorant and uninvolved in political affairs and indoctrinated by traditions of Catholicism supremacy. However, several feminist organisations formed in the early...
Words: 2547 - Pages: 11
...Short Essay on Race and Racism Racism occurs when one ethnic group or people as a whole controls, excludes, or tries to exclude another on the idea of the differences that it believes are genetic and cannot be changed. A belief base for racism came to a realization in the Americas during the modern period. No clear and explicit evidence of racism has been found in other cultures or in Europe before the modern period. The identification of the Jews with the devil and witchcraft in the general public of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries was perhaps the first sign of a racist view of the world. Real support for such attitudes came in sixteenth century Spain when Jews who had converted to Christianity and their descendants became the victims of a regular pattern of discrimination and segregation. The period of the Renaissance and Reformation was also the time when Europeans were coming into increasing contact with people of darker skin-color in Africa, Asia, and the Americas and were making conclusions about them. The reasoning for enslaving Africans was that they were unconverted and unbelievers of God, associated between darkness and evil but slave traders and slave owners sometimes took a passage from the book of Genesis as their justification. Ham, derives from the Hebrew Ch’m, associated with being black and burnt. The story was subsequently used to underpin theories of the origin of Africans and to justify their enslavement. (Rattansi p.17) When the state...
Words: 1485 - Pages: 6
...Wiki Loves Africa: share African cultural fashion and adornment pictures with the world! Fascism From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For the original version of the ideology developed in Italy, see Italian Fascism. For the book edited by Roger Griffin, see Fascism (book). "Fascist" redirects here. For the insult, see Fascist (insult). Part of a series on | Fascism | | Core tenets[show] | Topics[show] | Ideas[show] | People[show] | Literature[show] | Organizations[show] | History[show] | Lists[show] | Variants[show] | Related topics[show] | * Fascism portal * Politics portal | * v * t * e | Fascism /ˈfæʃɪzəm/ is a form of radical authoritarian nationalism[1][2] that came to prominence in early 20th-century Europe. Influenced by national syndicalism, fascism originated in Italy during World War I, in opposition to liberalism, Marxism, and anarchism. Fascism is usually placed on the far-right within the traditional left–right spectrum.[3][4] Fascists saw World War I as a revolution. It brought revolutionary changes in the nature of war, society, the state, and technology. The advent of total war and total mass mobilization of society had broken down the distinction between civilian and combatant. A "military citizenship" arose in which all citizens were involved with the military in some manner during the war.[5][6] The war had resulted in the rise of a powerful state capable of mobilizing millions of people to serve on the front lines or provide economic...
Words: 17730 - Pages: 71
...Depression on Germany? [25 marks] German artist Lea Gruding recalls in her autobiography that the unemployed suffered massively during the great depression not only financially but mentally, having no job to go to anymore. This source was published in 1964, 35 years after the Great Depression making it a secondary source. Some may argue that due to it being a secondary source it is less reliable as it wasn’t written primarily at the time and could differ from the actual events that happened during the Depression. It also maybe exaggerated. Despite this however Gruding doesn’t use statistical evidence which means even though this source could be exaggerated it is not numerically exaggerated. This source on the other hand from historical knowledge is fairly accurate and so is useful because what happened in Germany during the time is represented accurately. It’s true the Weimar Republic was devastated by the Wall Street Crash of October 1929 and the Great Depression that followed. The Crash had a devastating impact on the American economy but because America had propped up the Weimar Republic with huge loans in 1924 (the Dawes Plan) and in 1929 (the Young Plan), what happened to the American economy impacted the Weimar Republic’s economy and society due to them being so dependent on American loans (the USA was also Germany’s biggest trading partner which affected Germany massively). America now needed those loans back to assist her faltering economy. America gave Germany 90 days to...
Words: 860 - Pages: 4
...in China; mainly Manchuria. The Empire of Japan was aimed at taking over East Asia. As tensions arose between Japan and China the United States under the leadership of Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt (in the beginning) decided that they did not have any stake siding with either country. Up to this point the United States policy in China was based on the principle known as the Open Door Policy in which any and all countries were free to trade and make investments with and within China. The United States felt that if they sanctioned Japan and China, both economically and with military assistance, it would be enough for Japan and China to stop the fighting, but it didn’t. At that point Japan decided to accept Germany as an ally and began to take over lands governed by the French. The United States responded to these actions by restricting Japan from buying materials from them altogether. Japan relied on the United States for 80% of its oil. Not being able to purchase oil from the United States would absolutely force Japan to give up its efforts to take over Chinese lands. It was at this point that Japan made...
Words: 2263 - Pages: 10
...the developed world have either peaked or declined. However, they continue to climb in the developing world. Smoking is the most common method of consuming tobacco, and tobacco is the most common substance smoked. The agricultural product is often mixed with additives and then combusted. The resulting smoke is then inhaled and the active substances absorbed through the alveoli in the lungs. The active substances trigger chemical reactions in nerve endings, which heighten heart rate, alertness, and reaction time. Dopamine and endorphins are released, which are often associated with pleasure. As of 2008 to 2010, tobacco is used by about 3 billion people (about 49% of men and 11% of women) with about 80% of this usage in the form of smoking. The gender gap tends to...
Words: 3714 - Pages: 15
...February 9, 2016 Jacques Godbout is a Quebecois historian, author, and filmmaker as well as the great-nephew of Adelard Godbout. He sets out to create a documentary to explore the work of his great-uncle who was once the Premier of Quebec, who has somehow been lost in the history books. This documentary is titled “Patriot or Traitor”, because Jacques openly provides the information on his great-uncle that allows the viewer to ultimately make the decision on how we wish to view this great Canadian. With slight bias, Jacques realizes his fascination with Adelard’s politics may be caused because his childhood was influenced by him, since he and his family were framed as outcasts due to the connection. This documentary covers the important role Adelard played in World War II, mainly concerning conscription and Canada’s relationship with Britain, the Nazi’s, and the political conflicts within Canada caused by diversity. It is evident that regardless of Canada’s view of Adelard, he should be more prominent in the teaching of our history. Firstly, most evidence points to why Adelard is not a traitor, and is only seen that way by some. Adelard did what was best for Canada, in his opinion. Ultimately every politician does what is best in their opinion, but the problem arises when their opinion differs from the rest of the country. Adelard had to balance his beliefs between; what was best for his relationship with Mackenzie King, what was best for Quebec’s relationship with the rest...
Words: 1118 - Pages: 5
...and indirect effects on the family. E.g. child benefits would have a direct effect on the family. Social policy, also called social execution when pertaining to executive government policy, primarily refers to guidelines, principles, legislation and activities that affect the living conditions conducive to human welfare. There are extreme policies, which have mostly been abandoned now which were the Chinas one child policy, Nazi Germany policy and abolishing the family act in Russia. Chinas one child policy was where all women in China were only allowed one child per family. This way they would get even more benefits and money. If the women had more than one baby, if the government didn’t realize she would get less money if any at all, but if the government did find out then they would make her have an abortion. Women have to apply for their babies, and had to go on a waiting list until it was their turn to have a baby. This was very inconvenient to Chinese women; however, population there was growing meaning they were trying to reduce it. The Nazi Germany view was that...
Words: 1373 - Pages: 6
