...was your “Stress Test” score? ____39________ • Do you think that such a test accurately captures your experience? What other stressors should be included? I think it give you a general idea of the amount of stress your under, also adding something about your children should be included. Stress, Stressors, and Coping • Psychologists differentiate stressors, strain, and stress. What does each of these terms mean? A stressor is an externalsituation or event that triggers coping adjustments in a person. Stress is the process in which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors that we believe to be threatening or challenging, and coping is the cognitive, behavioural, and emotional ways that people handle stressful situations. The General Adaptation Syndrome • Describe Selye’s general adaptation syndrome. Selye argued that every organism has a state of internal balance called homeostasis. External stressors disturb this balance, producing an immediate general physiological aarousal. The organism adjusts to the stress in stages, first mobilizing its resources, then using them to cope with the stresss, and eventually depleting its energy resources. Selye called this sequence of body reactions the general adaptation syndrome. When the stressor occurs...
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...• Do you think that such a test accurately captures your experience? What other stressors should be included? No, because I think its normal to get stressed because of my high expectations, that doesn’t mean I have problems because of it. Stress, Stressors, and Coping • Psychologists differentiate stressors, strain, and stress. What does each of these terms mean? • Stressors: prediction of someone’s health based of on stress levels. • Strain: The resulting damage of object • Stress: process of coping with environmental factors that threaten you’re life. The General Adaptation Syndrome • Describe Selye’s general adaptation syndrome. The depleting energy to overcome the stress and harms of environmental aspects that limit someone’s ability to progress. The Biology of Stress • Although both men and women experience the fight-or-flight syndrome, some scientists argue that women also can experience stress differently (tend-and-befriend). Briefly explain this hypothesis. This because natural selection developed stress relieves differently as they grow of different ways and situations. • Can you think of why this alleged gender difference in fight-or-flight and tend-and-befriend may “make sense” from an evolutionary perspective? Because natural selectionwas developed in ways that the fittest was more successful than the weaker people....
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...that most of the physiological diseases are due to psychological factors. Stress in one such physiological factor which affects health. Psychologists define stress as the response to events that are challenging or threatening. All of us face stress in our lives. In daily life, we come across a series of such threatening or challenging events, and adapting to such events happens due to our instincts and occurs naturally. Yet, in cases of where stress is severe, the adaptation requires more effort, and probably lead to health issues. Some of such health issues are headache, heart ailments, high blood pressure, weakening of immune system and skin rashes. In psychology, such health issues are known as psychopysiological disorders. Therefore, stress is no more a minor issue that should be neglected. So, this report will be giving a brief explanation on coping stress, preceded by a description on adapting stress as well as its effects through the General Adaptation syndrome. General Adaptation Syndrome This is a model devised by a pioneering stress therapist named Hans Selye. This suggests that a person's response to stress consists of three stages: • Alarm and mobilization • Resistance • Exhaustion In the alarm and mobilization stage, occurs when the person first come to know about the stressor. For example, when a student gets to know that he has obtained low grades for midterms, he becomes alarmed. By being afraid that he would fail the subject because of the low marks he...
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...Running head: STRESS DISTRESS OF PARENTS OF CHILDREN ADMITTED TO This should be your name and course info Stress distress of parents of children admitted to intensive care unit This paper will examine stress experienced by parents of children who are admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). It will then identify the potential causes of stress in the PICU and nursing interventions that would reduce parental stress level in the PICU hence improving patient outcome as well as enabling parents to continue in their family roles to be effective and therapeutic to their children. Approximately 150,000 to 250,000 children are admitted to the PICU each year (Board & Ryan-Wagner, 2002). Admission to an intensive care unit usually comes with no warning, creating an uneasy situation for the families in which uncertainty, shock, helplessness, and confusion are some of the immediate responses (Lam & Beaulieu, 2004). Health care providers are often so focused on the patient who is severely ill or injured that the needs of the family are overlooked. Research has shown that having a child in the pediatric intensive care unit is a stressful experience for parents (Board, 1994; Board &Ryan-Wagner, 2002; Curley, 1988; Curley & Wallace, 1992; Miles et al., 1989). Miles, Carter, and colleagues studied 37 parents who recently had a child discharged from the PICU. Findings indicated that both mothers and fathers experience a high level...
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...Arousal, Behavior, Stress, and Affect Paper Lauretha Morris PSY 355 January 24, 2012 It is necessary to understand the difference between physiological and psychological needs due to the changing in our environment. There is a close behavior pattern between the brain structure and motivation behavior that is very helpful in understanding the habits which are formed to be unhealthy to individuals. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs postulates that the needs of a person are organized into an ascending structure, going from lower physiological needs to the needs of safety, belongingness, esteem, and self- actualization (Deckers, 2005). The difference between physiological and psychological needs is that physiological is physical and it tends to deal with our thought processes and the way that the brain works. A cognitive neuroscience and focuses on the branch of biology dealing with functions and the activities of living organisms and their parts which include all the physical and chemical processes are what physiological psychology is known as. Something such as a drug, a physiological reaction would often refer to how the body physically reacts. Organisms, organ systems, organs, cell and bio molecules carry...
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...Emotional Disturbance Excerpt from The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Instruction, by M.A. Mastropieri, T.E. Scruggs, 2007 edition, p. 64-69. © ______ 2007, Merrill, an imprint of Pearson Education Inc. Used by permission. All rights reserved. The reproduction, duplication, or distribution of this material by any means including but not limited to email and blogs is strictly prohibited without the explicit permission of the publisher. Prevalence and Definitions Individuals classified as having emotional disturbance (or behavioral disorders) represent 8.1% of all students ages 6–21 served under IDEA, or .72% of the school population (U.S. Department of Education, 2002a). However, prevalence studies have suggested that the actual percentage may be much higher. Boys outnumber girls in this category by about 3.5 to 1 (Oswald, Best, Coutinho, & Nagle, 2003). Emotional disturbance refers to a number of different, but related, social-emotional disabilities. Individuals classified as emotionally disturbed meet several criteria established under IDEA, including the following: * An inability to exhibit appropriate behavior under ordinary circumstances * An inability to maintain relationships with peers or teachers * An inappropriate affect such as depression or anxiety * An inappropriate manifestation of physical symptoms or fears in response to school or personal difficulties These characteristics must be manifested over an extended...
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...The Wellbeing Programme To what extent is a well-being programme a good investment for an organisation to make? Psychology at Work 09677358 CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………… 3 STRESS AND WELLBEING……………………………………………......... 4 - 9 MEASURING AND COPING WITH STRESS………………………………. 10- 11 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………… 12 RECOMMENDATIONS………………………………………………….......... 13 REFERENCES ……………………………………………………………….… 14-16 INTRODUCTION BGL Group has grown to be one of the UK’s leading financial services, specialising mainly in vehicle and home insurance, as well as a range of supplementary products such as breakdown cover, legal protection and personal accident cover. It employs more than 3,000 people in several different locations. Despite the organisations continued success through increased profits, they remain focused on employee engagement and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). In 2010, BGL have introduced the ‘My Wellbeing’ programme, which consisted of four main pillars; My Health, My Fitness, My Happiness and My Relaxation and Energy. BGL states that the programme is of ‘central importance to their CSR focused strategy’. CSR is rapidly gaining recognition all over the world, where the organisations are expected not only fulfil their legal obligations but to voluntarily take further steps to improve the quality of life for the employees and their families as...
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...The Wellbeing Programme To what extent is a well-being programme a good investment for an organisation to make? Psychology at Work 09677358 CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………… 3 STRESS AND WELLBEING……………………………………………......... 4 - 9 MEASURING AND COPING WITH STRESS………………………………. 10- 11 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………… 12 RECOMMENDATIONS………………………………………………….......... 13 REFERENCES ……………………………………………………………….… 14-16 INTRODUCTION BGL Group has grown to be one of the UK’s leading financial services, specialising mainly in vehicle and home insurance, as well as a range of supplementary products such as breakdown cover, legal protection and personal accident cover. It employs more than 3,000 people in several different locations. Despite the organisations continued success through increased profits, they remain focused on employee engagement and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). In 2010, BGL have introduced the ‘My Wellbeing’ programme, which consisted of four main pillars; My Health, My Fitness, My Happiness and My Relaxation and Energy. BGL states that the programme is of ‘central importance to their CSR focused strategy’. CSR is rapidly gaining recognition all over the world, where the organisations are expected not only fulfil their legal obligations but to voluntarily take further steps to improve the quality of life for the employees and their families as...
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...Answer any five of the following questions. 2. What is the General Adaptation Syndrome, explain with an example. Scientist Hans Selye (1907-1982) introduced the General Adaptation Syndrome model in 1936 showing in three phases what the alleged effects of stress has on the body. In his work, Selye - 'the father of stress research,' developed the theory that stress is a major cause of disease because chronic stress causes long-term chemical changes. He observed that the body would respond to any external biological source of stress with a predictable biological pattern in an attempt to restore the body’s internal homeostasis. This initial hormonal reaction is your fight or flight stress response - and its purpose is for handling stress very quickly! The process of the body’s struggle to maintain balance is what Selye termed, the General Adaptation Syndrome. Pressures, tensions, and other stressors can greatly influence your normal metabolism. Selye determined that there is a limited supply of adaptive energy to deal with stress. That amount declines with continuous exposure. Going through a series of steps, your body consistently works to regain stability. With the general adaptation syndrome, a human’s adaptive response to stress has three distinct phases: ALARM STAGE - Your first reaction to stress recognizes there’s a danger and prepares to deal with the threat, a.k.a. the fight or flight response. Activation of the HPA axis, the nervous system (SNS) and the adrenal glands...
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...Table of Contents Identification……………………………………………………………………….3 Problem Statement…………………………………………………………..........3 Key Facts…………………………………………………………………………..3 List of Symptoms………………………………………………………………….3 Analysis……………………………………………………………………………4 Alternatives……..…………………………………………………………………4 Action Plan………………………………………………………………………..5 Bibliography………………………………………………………………………6 Identification Anna was known as the “star performer” in her position as a consulting manager for Global Consulting (GC) in Toronto. Anna is finding it difficult to balance working part time and being a first time mother, she was a high performer and knew how to share her time between her busy job, her husband and friends. She is finding it stressful to do all of this with her new family addition. Problem Statement Anna is in a stressful situation which is becoming a threatening factor to her physical and emotional health. Anna is producing unwanted stress by working more hours than she should. Anna is still expecting to be that high performer and working long hours without coming to terms that her life is changing with her 18 month old daughter. She currently doesn’t have a balance between work and personal life. Key Facts * Management staffs are very accommodating to Anna’s part time work situation because they are fond of her; however they are still expecting the same work load as if she was fulltime and constantly add more duties to her. * Anna’s current workload is at 60% but it demands...
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...problems and has been exhibiting moodiness, sleep deprivation, weight loss and lack of energy. Along with alcoholism, John is suffering from stress due to the possibility of his wife leaving him and his job being on the line. Evaluation of models behavior According to the case study John has multiple health issues that the doctor cannot explain from a physical point of view. His medical problems can be explored by understanding what psychosomatic medicine (the mind body relationship) is. According to Friedman (2002) “a significant proportion of patient complaints (at least 25 percent) made to physicians are psychological in nature and have no significant physical counterpart.”(pg. 80) Patients, like John, exhibit symptoms from tension (caused by an unhappy marriage) such as headaches, pain, or weakness and no physical explanation can be found because the problems are somatization. (Friedman, 2002) Somatization is symptoms that have no known medical explanation and are affected by psychological processes. (Friedman, 2002) John’s stressors at the moment consist of his failing marriage, debt and the possible loss of his job. The first type of behavior model is the illness behavior (sick role) model. Friedman (2002) describes this model as someone who responds to...
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...Dispositional, Biological and Evolutionary Theory Newspaper Article Jamie Ragland PSY/ 405 Professor Robert Irizarry October 12, 2015 University of Phoenix Abstract Why are dispositional, biological and evolutionary theories important? What are the differences between the three styles of theories? What are the strengths and limitations of each of these theories? Dispositional theory assumes that there are a finite number of personality traits that can be measured, evaluated and observed. Biological theory suggests that genetics are responsible for personality. Evolutionary theory asks how the evolved mind and present – day environment connect to shape human behavior. Dispositional Theories Dispositional theories explain the relationship between traits and personality. Two of the most well-known dispositional theories are Allport’s Psychology of the Individual Theory and Trait and Factor Theories. Gordon Allport, Hans Eysenck, Robert McCrae, and Paul Costa Jr are the more common of the dispositional theorists. The assumptions vary from those of the other theorists. However, just as the other theories, the dispositional theories provide a basis for the study of personality. Retrieved from: http://intothedepthsofthehumanmind.blogspot.com/2013/05/theoretical-perspectives-dispositional.html Dispositional Theory Limitations “All theories have strengths and limitations. One criticism of Allport’s theory...
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...Psychology and Health Problems Psy210 12/12/2010 Psychology and Health Problems Summarizing the multifactorial model between health and illness, physicians and psychologist have determined a correlation between life experiences, history of family’s disease, and a person’s abilities to handle situations that directly affect their health in a negative or positive outcome. Cultural diversity plays a role in whether a person is able to receive better health care in relation to social economic factors than the country in which they live. Even though the United States and Canada have the advance health care than other European countries there is still the factor of lack of insurance and lower status of social economics that many lack the source of good health care (Nevid & Rathus, 2005). Psychological, environmental, biological and sociocultural factors affect a person’s health whether female or male. Two health problems that are first discussed in the text are premenstrual syndrome and headaches. Headaches are accountable in 20% of people who suffer from the two most common severe types of migraine and muscle tension headaches. GAS or general adaptation syndrome in the first two stages forces the muscles to contract in the forehead, shoulders, neck and persistent stress can lead to the constant constriction of those muscles. Tension headaches are described as a feeling of a viselike pressure throughout the head. Another major headache known as migraines is seen in about...
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...Psychology and Health Problems Psychology and Health Problems Summarizing the multifactorial model between health and illness, physicians and psychologist have determined a correlation between life experiences, history of family’s disease, and a person’s abilities to handle situations that directly affect their health in a negative or positive outcome. Cultural diversity plays a role in whether a person is able to receive better health care in relation to social economic factors than the country in which they live. Even though the United States and Canada have the advance health care than other European countries there is still the factor of lack of insurance and lower status of social economics that many lack the source of good health care (Nevid & Rathus, 2005). Psychological, environmental, biological and sociocultural factors affect a person’s health whether female or male. Two health problems that are first discussed in the text are premenstrual syndrome and headaches. Headaches are accountable in 20% of people who suffer from the two most common severe types of migraine and muscle tension headaches. GAS or general adaptation syndrome in the first two stages forces the muscles to contract in the forehead, shoulders, neck and persistent stress can lead to the constant constriction of those muscles. Tension headaches are described as a feeling of a viselike pressure throughout the head. Another major headache known as migraines is seen in about 28 million people...
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...Arousal, Behavior, Stress, and Affect Worksheet Using the text for this course, the University Library, the Internet, and/or other resources answer the following questions. Your response to each question should be at least 250 words in length. 1. What are the differences between physiological and psychological needs? Provide examples of each in your response. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs postulates that the needs of a person are organized into an ascending structure, going from the lower physiological needs to the needs of safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization (Deckers, 2010). Maslow hypothesized that the lower needs have to be addressed before the higher needs can be attended to. Physiological needs include the homeostatic balance of food intake (blood glucose levels), water consumption (intercellular and extracellular fluid levels), sleep (Circadian Rhythms), activity, and sexual needs. The internal motives created by these physiological needs manifest themselves as psychological drives, or an, “…internal push, urge, or force that moves a person into action” (Deckers, 2010). On the other hand, the concurrent physiological counterpart of psychological needs is much more speculative. Atkinson seemed to believe that psychological needs could be described as incentive categories, but Deckers cautions that the idea of internal psychological needs acting to select external incentives is not always clear-cut, or obvious. The rest of Maslow’s hierarchy would constitute...
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