...I believe that attention deficit disorder or ADD is a genetically transmitted. The whole reason why I believe this is because the entire male population in my family has attention deficit disorder including me. Attention Deficit Disorder is not always transmitted genetically because some of my friends have it and no one else in there family tree has Attention Deficit Disorder. Attention Deficit Disorder is mostly seen in children and adolescents, but in some cases it has been found in adults. A known fact about Attention Deficit Disorder is that medical scientist did not have a name for it up until the year 1998. Attention Deficit Disorder is not only a mental disorder but also always affects learning to the point where the victim of Attention Deficit Disorder is basically a zombie in the head, this is to the point to where if you tell that person to do something or anything than that person will more than likely not hear or understand anything you said. Males are more than twice as likely to get Attention Deficit Disorder than Females are.This is why most males learn less than or slower than woman do. Because of this disease people have been taking pills that only help with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder...
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...Imagine you are a genetic counselor. You counsel couples both before and after pregnancy on fertility, genetic disorders, and pregnancy issues. Several couples you counseled are discussed below. What may they learn by going to you, a genetic counselor? 1. The Millers have one brown-eyed female child and one male blue-eyed child. They are twins. How is this possible? Explain how that is possible by reviewing the phenotype and genotype of each child. There are two different types of twins: monozygotic twins (identical) and dizygotic twins (not identical). In this case, the twins are dizygotic because they do not share the same characteristics or gender, so each twin has his/her own set of genes from the parents. It is likely that one of the...
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...Susan Chavez Professor Cynthia DeBord Biology 2401 October 8th, 2014 Osteogenesis Imperfecta Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI), also known as “brittle bone disease” , is a genetic disease that causes bones to fracture easily. This disease is not transmitted to humans over time, people are born with it. The cause of this disease is a mutation on a gene that affects the production of collagen in bones. Due to the poor production of collagen, bones become fragile and weak, leading to continuous fractures. OI, is genetically transmitted by a dominant mutation in COL1A1 or COL1A2 genes. This mutation on cartilage can be inherited to later generations in an autosomal dominant manner, but due to further investigations nowadays, it has been discovered that the genetic disease can also be inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, though this is really uncommon. The genetically transmitted disease is often confused with child abuse. Children are often brought to hospitals with multiple fractures in the femur, tibia,...
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...One treatment included is often enzyme replacement therapy. The disease can occur at any age and to have the disease both parents have to have it the disease is transmitted with autosomal recessive. There are of course different severity of the disease. Siblings and even identical twins can have different levels. The symptoms depend on the person; some people can have severe symptoms however others can have no symptoms at all. Some indications can be abdominal discomfort, skeletal irregularities, and blood disorders. The abdominal pain can be due to the liver and the spleen enlarging severely. Also the abdomen can painfully expand. Skeletal abnormalities can be due to the disease weakening the bone which increases the risk of painful fractures and impede with the blood source to your bones which can result in your bone dying. The blood disorders can happen due to the reduction of healthy red blood cells which is anemia; this can result in severe fatigue. The disease can also lead to clotting which results in easy layman’s term (bruise) and epistaxis (nosebleed). Not only is the gauchers disease bad it also has negative impacts in increase the risk of having some other problems. For example, it can result in growth delays in children, Parkinson’s...
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...disabilities and cognitive struggles Fragile X Syndrome is the most inherited form of severe neurodevelopmental. This is caused by expansion of CGG repeating itself on the FMR1 gene. Therefore, this leads to a disappearing of a certain protein. This defect causes further symptoms and abnormalities in someone future that lies ahead. Mutations change in the FMR1 gene causing fragile x disorder. This gene carries instructions on how to make a protein called Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 protein. Sections of DNA do not repeat themselves. This occurs when FMR1 on the long arm of the x chromosome, shuts down and fails to create a protein called FMRP. There are many symptoms that come along with Fragile X Syndrome being physical, mental, and emotional. For both male and female, signs start showing more around the time they hit puberty. They also differ between genders and are more severe for males. Some physical features include a long and narrow face, large ears, a prominent jaw and forehead, flexible fingers, and flat feet. Other symptoms include intellectual disability, delayed speech and...
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...“A Beautiful Mind” Questions Cameron Crowe 4th period 1) He is very anti-social, he displays behavior that deviates much from the norm in terms of sociality when he does socialize, and he refuses to accept defeat in any form. 2) He is a professor at MIT and he also is a code-breaker. A part of his disorder is hallucinations and he imagines that this “big brother” person tasks him with finding foreign messages in periodicals which furthers his disorder. 3) His schizophrenia begins when he believes he has a roommate which actually does not exist. We realize that John Nash is schizophrenic when his wife begins to discuss with an acquaintance of John’s about his hallucinations. 4) He has to learn to live with the hallucinations and ignore them, even though this proves to be very difficult for him at times. 5) The Russians 6) Nash and Charles get along very well. Charles is John’s imaginary friend. 7) There could be a correlation, but this does not mean that one variable causes the other. I personally think that schizophrenia could occur in anyone, regardless of intelligence. 8) Nash creates people within his mind unknowingly and incorporates them into his everyday life. For example, Charles is his imaginary roommate and “Big Brother” is John’s imaginary boss who facilitates John's fake code-breaking occupation. 9) John makes the students close the window in his classroom because the construction is too loud, but then his future wife goes to open the window...
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...Introduction Schizophrenia is a chronic mental health condition that can cause a range of psychological symptoms which include hallucinations and delusions. There is no exact cause of schizophrenia and no current cure yet it is one of the most common serious mental health conditions with one in one hundred people experiencing an episode of schizophrenia within their lifetime (Butcher, Hooley and Mineka 2014) Schizophrenia is a complex disorder with many possible causes that can predispose individuals to it or trigger it in them. The Mayo Clinic : “It's not known what causes schizophrenia, but researchers believe that a combination of genetics and environment contributes to development of the disorder. Problems with certain naturally occurring brain chemicals, including neurotransmitters called dopamine and glutamate, also may contribute to schizophrenia. Neuroimaging studies show differences in the brain structure and central nervous system of people with schizophrenia. While researchers aren't certain about the significance of these changes, they support evidence that schizophrenia is a brain disease”. Biological Causes; Genes, Environment, Biochemical, Drug Misuse Genetics S is influenced by genetics but not determined by it. Genetic factors can be researched using twin studies, especially...
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...hormones from secreting cells to other parts of the body. It helps in the distribution of heat formed in the active tissues to all parts of the body. Blood also helps to regulate the acid base balance and to protect against infection. Therefore blood is a crucial fluid for our life and health, the average adult’s blood has 8 to 10 pints of blood. Loss of more than 2 pints at any one time leads to a serious condition. Blood is made up of plasma, which is the liquid portion of blood without its cellular elements; serum is the name given to plasma after a blood clot is formed. Blood also has pathological rudiments that include “erythrocytes”, “leukocytes” and “thrombocytes”. Blood disorders can harm any of these three main compositions of blood. Treatments and antibiotics for blood diseases and disorders can vary it all depend on the blood condition that occurs and its impact on the individual’s body. Plasma is described as being a chaff colored, dense fluid, comprising about 55% of the blood amount which contains six substances which are. 1st Water is the liquid that makes up about 92% of the total amount of plasma. 2nd Plasma proteins are three proteins most abundant found in plasma they are fibrinogen, serum albumin and serum globulin. Fibrinogen is vital for blood clotting, albumin is the most copious of all the plasma proteins and globulin is formed not only in the liver, but also in the lymphatic system. 3rd Nutrient molecules are absorbed from the digestive tract. “Glucose...
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...Blood Disorders Amanda Swindell HCA/240 August 9, 2015 Dr. Monica Chase Blood Disorders Blood is one of the most essential elements within the body. Blood is made up of plasma, red blood cells, and platelets. Blood is vital to the body functioning correctly, and it is important to understand that there are many types of blood disorders that can cause people to get sick. While there are many different types of blood disorders out there, this paper is going to cover three which are, anemia, sickle cell, and thrombocytopenia. Also, a review of plasma, red blood cells, and platelets to give a better understand of blood disorders. Plasma is the liquid portion of blood. Plasma is made up mostly of water and contains dissolved proteins, carbon dioxide, glucose, hormones, mineral ions, and clotting factors. Plasma acts as a storage unit for reserved proteins. Also, plasma keeps a person electrolytes in balanced form to protect the body from blood disorders and infection. If plasma in the blood is compromised, then the body cannot protect itself against blood disorders and infection ("American Red Cross", 2015). The red blood cells primary job is to transport oxygen. They are perhaps the most recognizable component of blood. Red blood cells are rich in oxygen. The cytoplasm of the red blood cell is rich with hemoglobin that binds oxygen and allows it to transport the oxygen throughout a person’s body. Hemoglobin is also what makes the blood look red. There are one billion red blood cells...
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...The Sphingolipidoses are a group of Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs), which individually are considered rare diseases; however, their collective incidence is approximately 1 in 5000-9000 live births. This number is dependent on the location and population, with some regions presenting a much higher proportion of cases than others. These diseases consequently together comprise a vast proportion of the healthcare system and therefore there is a need to investigate novel treatments as well as more efficient and effective diagnostic methods. There are approximately 50 different Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), which involve cases where a mutation exists in a gene encoding a lysosomal enzyme required to breakdown a certain substrate. Lysosomes are important membrane bound organelles which contain many hydrolytic digestive enzymes. The lysosome is acidic and acts as the site of the breakdown of various substrates in cells. The contents is then transported and secreted via fusion with the plasma membrane of a cell. Mutations in genes encoding these enzymes cause the product to accumulate within the lysosomes of cells and have the devastating clinical manifestations associated with the disease2. The Sphingolipidoses are diseases...
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..._HCA/240 WEEK 4 BLOOD DISORDERS TAMMY BALACI 11/25/2012 The blood serves as the body’s major transport system. It is the medium for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the cells and carbon dioxide waste from the cells to the lungs. Components of the blood protect the body from disease by recognizing and engulfing microorganisms and foreign molecules in the blood. Other components of the blood transport metabolic waste from the cells to the kidneys, nutrients from the digestive system to the cells, and hormones throughout the body. Scenario One Lily is a four-year-old Caucasian female with symptoms that are indicative of Iron Deficiency Anemia. This is one of the most common causes of anemia. Increased iron requirements, impaired iron absorption or hemorrhage can cause iron deficiency anemia. Without enough iron the body fails to synthesize hemoglobin and the ability to transport oxygen is reduces. Iron requirements are at the highest level during the first two years of life. Hemoglobin carries oxygen throughout our body and is a part of our red blood cell. If we don’t have enough iron, our body makes fewer and smaller red blood cells, which means less hemoglobin, and therefore we do not get enough oxygen (WebMD, Iron Deficiency Anemia).If we do not receive the correct amount of oxygen to our organs, and cells, the body will begin to suffer and we will begin to experience symptoms such as feeling weak, growing tired much easier, skin looks pale, trouble concentrating...
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...Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Obsessed with germs and the thought of being dirty, infected and otherwise unclean, Bob washes his hands hundreds of times a day and rarely ever touches any thing before disinfecting it and himself. This is what millions of people suffering from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) deal with every day. OCD has many shapes and sizes which make it incredibly complex to diagnose and treat. Since there is not a cure or a known cause for OCD, there are just theories, studies, and good judgments to go by in order to help patients who suffer from OCD. According to Jeffrey Schmwartz M.D. “no one really knows why some people develop the disorder and other’s do not”. Men and women are equally likely to suffer from OCD except for children. Male children are more likely to get OCD and it is usually linked to an attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). “Symptoms usually begin in individuals aged ten to twenty four years old” (Aronson, Sarah C. MD. pg.2). Studies from National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) say 9.7 percent of the sufferers have OCD by ages five to ten, 20.8 percent of the sufferers have it by ages ten to fifteen, and 41.9 percent by ages fifteen to twenty (Penzel, Fred Ph.D pg. 151). Regrettably at this time there is no way of knowing who will get this disorder, because it is not yet known why people develop the disorder. Until science can uncover the root of this problem, we must work off of theories and studies which...
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...Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. The disorder name has been changed before due to scientific advances and the findings of careful field trials. Now strong evidence supporting the idea that ADHD is not one specific disorder with different variations. AD/HD is a chronic condition that includes difficulty paying attention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness. It is a neurologically-based developmental disability. There are...
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...“myo” means muscle and “trophic” means nourishment. When these three are put together it means no muscle nourishment. When a muscle has no nourishment, it begins to waste away and become weak. The lateral in the name is stating the position of where the disease is located on the spine. Since it is later this would be the disease is found on the outer sides of the spinal cord. The sclerosis part of the name means the hardening of the muscle in that area. In the body there are motor neurons; which are located in the brain, brain stem, and spinal cord. These motor neurons are control units and communication links between the nervous system and the voluntary muscles in the body. The motor neurons in the brain send messages that are transmitted to motor neurons in the spinal cord and then from there to a particular muscle. In Lou Gehrig’s Disease, the neurons in the brain and spinal cord die and stop sending messages to muscles. This causes the muscles to weaken and have fine twitches. Eventually the brain is unable to control the voluntary movements in the body. There are three different forms of ALS; there’s sporadic, familial, and guamanian. Sporadic is...
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...Blood Disorders Crystal Flannelly HCA/240 February 24, 2013 Samantha Bame Blood Disorders Introduction In this paper I will be discussing three different scenarios, and in each scenario I will tell a little information on the disorder. I will cover ways to prevent disorders, and symptoms of the disorder. The blood within our bodies is the body’s major transportation system. Blood is used to transport oxygen from the lungs to the cells within our body, and it removes carbon dioxide waste from the cells before it goes to the lungs. There are components in our blood that protect our body from getting diseases. The blood will recognize, and engulf microorganisms and foreign molecules that it finds in our blood. The other components of blood will transport metabolic waste from the cells to the kidneys, it will take nutrients from the digestive system to the cells, and blood will transport hormones through our body. The purpose of plasma, red blood cells, and platelets Blood is a specialized body fluid, and it contains four main components. The components of blood are plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Blood has many functions that help our body stay healthy. Plasma is a liquid component of our blood and its job is to transport blood cells throughout the body. Plasma is also responsible for carrying nutrients, waste products, antibodies, clotting proteins, and chemical messengers through the blood. Red blood cells have a special protein...
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