...Sexually transmitted diseases For my research paper I decided to write on sexually transmitted diseases because it seems that we are hearing more and more about them. They are becoming more of a problem in the United States and it is fair to say that they are not going to go a way for a long time, if even at all. Sexually transmitted diseases can change a person’s life and even kill them. If a person wants to be sexually active they must understand the risks that are involved and how they can protect themselves. The first sexually transmitted disease that I want to talk about is chlamydia. Chlamydia, first of all, is a bacteria. The chance of being infected with chlamydia is very high among teenagers and young adults due to sexual activity. Chlamydia is transmitted through sexual contact, mainly vaginal or anal. It also has to be transmitted by someone that has been infected. Many people that have chlamydia do not even know they are infected, because they do not show any symptoms. To be exact, according to Engender Health, “there are about 75% of infected women and half of infected men have no symptoms of chlamydia.” The risk of a person becoming infected is very high if the person is engaging in unsafe sex, having sex with more than one partner, and being in a sexual relationship with someone who has multiple sex partners. To protect yourself and reduce your risk one should use condoms during sex, and limit your number of sex partners. (Engender Health) The symptoms...
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...When taking a look at our ancestors of the past, Neanderthals being the closest in relationship to modern humans,I ask myself the simple question: what was the cause of Neanderthals extinction? Modern scientific technology and the ability to test DNA from our ancient ancestors bones are helping us get closer to explaining this phenomenon. According to Charles Q. Choi, a contributor for Live Science states, “about 1.5 to 2.1 percent of anyone outside Africa is Neanderthal in origin” (Choi, 2014). With roughly 2 percent of Neanderthal DNA in my genetic makeup, it makes sense that modern humans were involved in the extinction of the Neanderthal identity. As stated by many researchers before, neanderthals did not go extinct due to modern humans. New research is proving this claim false. Recently, researchers from the University of Cambridge and Oxford have identified the possibility of diseases are older than what we believed possible. New studies taken from pathogen genomes and DNA of ancient neanderthal bones are showing that diseases were part of neanderthals extinction (Houldcroft, 2016). With neanderthals DNA being similar to modern humans, they were susceptible to pass genes and inherit bad mutations. In the long run these bad mutations caused many problems within their population. Bad mutations are passed between individuals by way of sexual connectivity. With neanderthal DNA being part of...
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...Premarital sex issexual intercourseengaged in by persons who areunmarried. It is generally used in reference to individuals who are presumednot yet of marriageable ageor between adults who will presumably marryeventually, but who are engaging insexual activityprior to marriage.Sex ispleasurable, but in God's view, the primary purpose of sex is not recreation,but rather re-creation. In other words, sex is for reproduction. God does notlimit sex to married couples to rob pleasure from those who are unmarried.Rather, God commands against premarital sex in order to protect unmarriedpeople from unwanted pregnancies, from children born to parents who donot want them, and to protect children from parents who are not preparedfor them. Imagine, for a moment, a world without premarital sex. Therewould be no sexually-transmitted diseases, there would be no un-wedmothers, there would be no unwanted pregnancies, there would be noabortions, etc. According to the Bible, abstinence is God's only policy when itcomes to premarital sex. Abstinence saves lives, protects babies, givessexual relations the proper value, and most importantly abstinence honorsGod. Thus, as defined in the dictionary, an urge or shall we say, thoughts of manifesting them, is sex. (The Bible calls this lust) To have physicalintercourse is sex. Whether it is two unmarried partners or one married andone not - it is sex. Participating "up to a point" of actual physical intercourse,such as having oral sex, is sex. Societal...
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...What is infertility and what are the causes? The Center for Disease Control (CDC) defines infertility as not conceiving a child after having unprotected sex for a year. For various reasons many people are unaware of the causes and risks of infertility. However, this is an important social issue that should receive more awareness because this means that there are less people procreating, which may lead to a smaller global population. In this paper I will be addressing who is affected by infertility, the causes as well as risks and treatments. Women’s health.gov (OWH) (n.d.) states that according to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), about 10% of women (6.1 million) between the ages of 15-44 have difficulty becoming or staying pregnant....
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...Caring for Populations Milestone 2 Chamberlain College of Nursing NR443: Community Health Nursing 01/29/2016 Caring for Populations Milestone 2 The prosperity of a community stems from its dynamics which include health, safety, business, and social integration. The community that I would like to discuss is the Briarwood neighborhood from Queens, New York. This community flourishes as an urban setting but still expresses its connection to mother nature with its very own botanical gardens and public parks. The parks provide not only recreational activities for the community but a moment of serenity from the everyday ruckus of the urban lifestyle. I will be assessing the community based on the demographic and epidemiological data that is gathered from the United States Census Bureau. Community Overview Briarwood, Queens is located in New York state and has an urban environment. It is well populated with small businesses, banks, restaurants, and medical facilities. There are numerous educational facilities such as: private and public schools, and public libraries. The neighborhood has a well-established public commuting service run by the MTA (Metropolitan Transit Authority); residents have access to the subway, as well as busses. The community is diverse in culture and race, with residents from many different regions of the world. The residential area of Briarwood is comprised of building complexes, as well as private housing units. Overall, the Briarwood community is...
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...her own health care decisions, the consent of another person, such as the minor’s parent or guardian, is not needed (Tigges,B.B.2003). This is one of the many reasons why doctors, nurses, etc. have difficulty cooperating with parents and teenagers when there is a required parental consent, or when there isn’t a required parental consent (Griffin-Carlson,M. S.,&Mackin,K.J.2008). Montefiore Medical Center in NYC had a lawsuit in the year of 2012 for “Unauthorized release of private medical information to parent of teen.” Dana Nunez is 17 years old; she goes into the hospital to be treated for genital herpes. The Doctors and Nurses do not need to get Dana’s parents’ permission before treating her, because a minor can consent to health care for sexually transmitted infections in the state of New York. Therefore, Dana Nunez was not informed that she would be getting Billed and sent discharge papers in the mail and that it would describe all the materials and different treatments used to cure Dana Nunez. That was an example of Lack of communication on the Nurses behalf she should have informed Dana Nunez of the documents that would be mailed to her house. Later this caused a difficult situation where Nunez...
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...problem. Approximately one million people contract sexually transmitted infections every day and 50% of them are adolescents aged 15-24 years (Lazarus, Sihvonen-Riemenschneider, Laukamm-Josten, Wong & Liljestrand, 2010). STDs include many different sexually transmittable infectious diseases such as chlamydia, gonorrhoea, genital herpes, human papilloma virus (HPV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and syphilis. An STD is transmitted through vaginal, oral and anal sexual contact as well as through blood products. STDs can also be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth. Untreated chlamydia and gonorrhoea can lead to salpingitis for women and to epididymitis for men, which can affect fertility and in worst case lead to sterility. Hepatitis B, genital herpes, HPV and HIV are still incurable infections. HPV can lead to cervical cancer and HIV to premature death. The only way to protect oneself from contracting an STD is consistent condom use (Vårdguiden, 2011). Another term that is used in the literature is STI (sexually transmitted infection), which refers to the infection itself, whereas STD, which is the term that will be used in this paper, refers to the disease caused by an infection (TeenHealthFX, 2009). 1.2 Knowledge of STDs among adolescents A study based in Northern Thailand by Paz-Bailey et al. (2003) showed that Thai adolescents’ knowledge on HIV was high. Among the sample, which consisted of students’ aged 15-21, 99.5% had heard of HIV. More than 90...
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...Medical Use of Honey Bee Products Apitherapy is the use of honey bee products in treating illnesses and diseases. Apis means “bee” while “therapy” is a treatment intended to relieve or heal a disorder. The different products derived from the beehive which can be used in apitherapy are: honey, pollen, propolis, venom, wax and royal jelly. Being from different cultural and ethnic backgrounds, we all have been exposed to honey bees and their products in unique ways. Despite our differences, collectively, we share great interest in the application of honey, bee venom (BV) and propolis in contemporary medicinal practices. In the following paragraphs each member shares their personal exposure with bees and why they have an interest in the medicinal use of BV. Mai As a young boy, my father intentionally interfered with bees in order to get stung. Now, being an adult, he is immune to bee stings, showing no signs of inflammation after a bee sting. The first time I got stung by a bee I was 7 years old. It hurt so badly and one thing was sure: “I would not walk in my father’s footsteps, when it comes to the subject bee stings.” In university, a classmate mentioned that BV contains certain chemicals which are beneficial to multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Although my first experience was unpleasant, I started to believe that bees can be useful. Good story: it reveals the sources of your curiosities and it draws out social issues. Morayo “They sting! Keep away!” this was my...
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...Communicable Disease Paper Maria G. Sanchez HCS/457 June 29, 2015 Charlotte A. Ferrell Communicable Disease Paper One of the many highly communicable diseases is chickenpox. This communicable disease is caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV) which has a resemblance with the herpes virus. It can be transmitted in two ways, one through direct contact with the fluids from the blisters, mucus, or saliva and second through air where the virus is disseminated by coughing or sneezing. A person who has chickenpox can spread the virus even before he or she has any symptoms. Chickenpox is regarded as highly communicable for individuals who are exposed to the disease for the first time nor have been vaccinated against it. They have an 80% risk of acquiring the disease through close contact of an infected individual. As claimed by the Pub Med Health, “most children with chickenpox exhibit symptoms like fever, headache, stomach ache, sore throat, loss of appetite, or presence of small, fluid-filled, itchy, red spots over the skin.” Chickenpox causes a red, itchy skin rash that usually appears first on the abdomen or back and face, and then spreads to almost everywhere else on the body, including the scalp, mouth, arms, legs, and genitals. At the time when the chickenpox blisters has dried and formed scabs is the point where the individual isn’t contagious. Chickenpox is normally a mild disease. Each and every individual is at risk of being infected by chickenpox – no exception. It is known...
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...Clinical guidelines Diagnosis and treatment manual for curative programmes in hospitals and dispensaries guidance for prescribing 2010 EDITION © Médecins Sans Frontières – January 2010 All rights reserved for all countries. No reproduction, translation and adaptation may be done without the prior permission of the Copyright owner. ISBN 2-906498-81-5 Clinical guidelines Diagnosis and treatment manual Editorial Committee: I. Broek (MD), N. Harris (MD), M. Henkens (MD), H. Mekaoui (MD), P.P. Palma (MD), E. Szumilin (MD) and V. Grouzard (N, general editor) Contributors: P. Albajar (MD), S. Balkan (MD), P. Barel (MD), E. Baron (MD), M. Biot (MD), F. Boillot (S), L. Bonte (L), M.C. Bottineau (MD), M.E. Burny (N), M. Cereceda (MD), F. Charles (MD), M.J de Chazelles (MD), D. Chédorge (N), A.S. Coutin (MD), C. Danet (MD), B. Dehaye (S), K. Dilworth (MD), F. Fermon (N), B. Graz (MD), B. Guyard-Boileau (MD), G. Hanquet (MD), G. Harczi (N), M. van Herp (MD), C. Hook (MD), K. de Jong (P), S. Lagrange (MD), X. Lassalle (AA), D. Laureillard (MD), M. Lekkerkerker (MD), J. Maritoux (Ph), J. Menschik (MD), D. Mesia (MD), A. Minetti (MD), R. Murphy (MD), J. Pinel (Ph), J. Rigal (MD), M. de Smet (MD), S. Seyfert (MD), F. Varaine (MD), B. Vasset (MD) (S) Surgeon, (L) Laboratory technician, (MD) Medical Doctor, (N) Nurse, (AA) Anaesthetist-assistant, (Ph) Pharmacist, (P) Psychologist We would like to thank the following doctors for their invaluable help:...
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...Edwin Hill Professor Skolnik English 1280-05 Final Research Paper HIV: Introspective Overview What is HIV? Figure 1 HIV 1 virus electron micrograph, (Goldsmith) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus of the lentivirus genus. HIV attacks the immune system by invading and destroying certain white blood cells such as helper T cells (mainly CD4+ T cells), dendritic cells, and macrophages. The infection and destruction of the CD4+ T cells takes place through three methods: The direct viral killing of the infected cells, the apoptosis (programmed cell death) of infected cells, and the killing of infected CD4+ T cells by CD8 cytotoxic lymphocytes that recognize infected cells. Once the CD4+ T cells are diminished to a certain critical level, the immunity catalyzed and mediated by these cells is lost, leaving the body vulnerable to infection from other viruses (Noble, AVERT). The last stage of HIV infection is AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). This stage is reached due to lack of treatment while in the earlier stage of HIV. Those who reach this stage commonly die due to infections associated with the progressive failure of the immune system. There are two known types of HIV: HIV-1 and HIV-2. Both are transmitted by either sexual contact, through blood, or from mother to child, and they both appear to cause clinically indistinguishable AIDS. However, HIV-2 is less easily transmitted, and the period between initial infection...
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...Scholarly paper on HIV in women Student name: Institution: Introduction Relevant nursing issue Some of the questions that arise from women living with HIV are barrier to social services. It affects the livelihood of women; thus, they are unable to acquire some essential services. Another issue is that they have mental health problem; thus, they are placed at a higher risk for HIV infection. They also face stigmatization that is rooted in discrimination (Peninnah, 2013). Other issues that arise are limitation to children health care, misinformation regarding treatment options, lack of access to transportation, substance abuse in regard to treatment, and unstable housing. There are attempts that have been put to measure and understand one’s health status. The rules also incorporate the physical wellbeing, psychological status, and cognitive functioning (Deanna, 2013). The tests are referred to as Health-related quality of life (HRQoL). It is a way of knowing how individuals feel about their health. It is done from an interactive and interpretive point of view. It enables an empathetic understanding of daily life experience is different life settings. HRQoL also enhances the identification of the different race, gender, class and social positioning. It also considers social cultural and political forces. It has been knotted that, PLHIV...
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...CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Aloe vera (Aloe vera) or in common sabila, is a short-stemmed herb propagated for ornamental and medicinal purposes. Many believe that all the parts of an aloe vera can cure different illnesses. It is widely use for its medicinal content. It is also widely use as hair wash to prevent falling hair and baldness. Bromodosis (smelly feet) is one of the problems of the office workers and also students. It is a common problem caused by build-up of sweat. Human feet have more sweat glands than any other part of the body. Shoes and socks can prevent sweat from evaporating or being absorbed, which attracts bacteria. This bacteria cause sweat to smell bad, leading to Bromodosis. There are many factors that cause Bromodosis. Shoes and socks made from synthetic materials increase the amount of sweat an individual produce and do not allow it to evaporate or be absorbed, so the feet stays wet. Another factor is hygiene, infrequent washing of the feet and not changing socks at least once a day can allo bacteria to thrive, contributing to foot odor. Stress can also be a factor. The researcher conducts this study in order to produce an alternative cure for Bromodosis which is convient and cheaper than other commercial foot products. The researcher also wants to know if, with the use of aloe vera, is it possible to treat smelly feet. And the researcher wants to discover other medicinal property that Aloe vera have. Statement of the Problem ...
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...Abstract Whilst there has been considerable debate about the fit between moral theory and moral reasoning in everyday life, the way in which moral problems are defined has rarely been questioned. This paper presents a qualitative analysis of interviews conducted with 15 general practitioners (GPs) in South Australia to argue that the way in which the bioethics literature defines an ethical dilemma captures only some of the range of lay views about the nature of ethical problems. The bioethics literature has defined ethical dilemmas in terms of conflict and choice between values, beliefs and options for action. While some of the views of some of the GPs in this study about the nature of their ethical dilemmas certainly accorded with this definition, other explanations of the ethical nature of their problems revolved around the publicity associated with the issues they were discussing, concern about their relationships with patients, and anxiety about threats to their integrity and reputation. The variety of views about what makes a problem a moral problem indicates that the moral domain is perhaps wider and richer than mainstream bioethics would generally allow. (Journal of Medical Ethics 2001;27:98–103) Keywords: Empirical ethics; general practice; qualitative research Introduction There has been a spirited debate in recent years about the relationship between real life moral decision making and the forms, styles and content of reasoning used in bioethics. On...
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...including Captain Cook wrote affectionately about the beauty of communities across the Pacific using coconut oil as an integral part of their daily lives. During WWII the water of the young green coconut was successfully used as a substitute for a saline drip saving the lives of many allied soldiers. After the war, in England coconut oil was sold as "margarine" and in the USA as "coconut butter". However, this all changed in 1954. In the social environment of the USA in which coronary heart disease (CHD) was becoming the primary cause of mortality in the adult population, the young researcher David Kritchevsky published two academic papers. The initial research described the effects of feeding cholesterol to rabbits and indicated that this may lead to the formation of blocked arteries and thus contribute to potential heart disease. In his second paper he described the beneficial effects of consuming polyunsaturated fatty acids from the oil of corn, soybeans, safflower and sunflower seeds for the lowering, at least temporarily, of...
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