...Bisht et al. Globalization and Health 2012, 8:32 http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/content/8/1/32 REVIEW Open Access Understanding India, globalisation and health care systems: a mapping of research in the social sciences Ramila Bisht1*, Emma Pitchforth2 and Susan F Murray3 Abstract National and transnational health care systems are rapidly evolving with current processes of globalisation. What is the contribution of the social sciences to an understanding of this field? A structured scoping exercise was conducted to identify relevant literature using the lens of India – a ‘rising power’ with a rapidly expanding healthcare economy. A five step search and analysis method was employed in order to capture as wide a range of material as possible. Documents published in English that met criteria for a social science contribution were included for review. Via electronic bibliographic databases, websites and hand searches conducted in India, 113 relevant articles, books and reports were identified. These were classified according to topic area, publication date, disciplinary perspective, genre, and theoretical and methodological approaches. Topic areas were identified initially through an inductive approach, then rationalised into seven broad themes. Transnational consumption of health services; the transnational healthcare workforce; the production, consumption and trade in specific health-related commodities, and transnational diffusion of ideas and knowledge...
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...cervical cancer deaths in women throughout the world (Ferrera et al., 1997; Perkins et al., 2011). More specifically, in 2008, statistics recorded over 80,000 women in Latin America and the Caribbean were diagnosed with cervical cancer, and nearly 36,000 died from the disease (PAHO et al., 2012). This accounts for over 16% (incidence) and over 13% (mortality) of the world’s public health burden due to cervical cancer. These numbers indicate that incidence of cervical cancer in Latin America is among the highest in the world, along with Sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia (Arrossi et al., 2003). Cervical cancer mortality has remained consistently high in Latin America despite significant health care spending increases due to poor quality services, as well as, limited population coverage, specifically in rural areas (Perkins et al., 2009). Most importantly; however, is that cervical cancer is the most prevalent cause of cancer in women in Honduras and the leading cause of cancer death for Honduran women (Ferrera et al., 1997; Garrett et al., 2013) It is critical to note that many epidemiological studies show that the human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA is detected in 80%-90% of cervical carcinomas (Ferrara et al., 1997). Vaccination again the most common types of HPV has proven successful at significantly decreasing rates of cervical cancer in developed nations. In fact, mortality rates of cervical cancer are seven times higher in Latin America and the Caribbean than in North America...
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...and performance measures at health facilities of Jimma town, southwest Ethiopia By: Alula Tadesse, SintayehuTarekegn&TadesseGudeta A term paper to be submitted to Dr.TemesgenGaroma (PhD) for partial fulfillment of advanced logistics and supply chain management course April, 2015 Jimma, Ethiopia Jimma University College of Health Sciences Department of Pharmacy Assessment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis drugs supply chain network design and performance measures at health facilities of Jimma town, southwest Ethiopia By: Alula Tadesse, SintayehuTarekegn&TadesseGudeta Advisor:-Dr.TemesgenGaroma (PhD) April, 2015 Jimma, Ethiopia ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In all supply chains, correct logistics management optimizes the circulation of products and materials, and insures the link between flow of the physical items and the follow of information. It takes a holistic approach to company’s activities, as well as to the lifecycle of a given product, from its conception to its disposal. This system also has a great impact on the sustained availability of medicines including antiretroviral drugs where their absences resultin service interruption and loss of customer confidence on the institution. For this purpose an effective supply chain network and performance measures needs to be established. OBJECTIVE:-The objective of this study was to assess the supply chain network and performance measures of antiretroviral drugs at health facilities of Jimma town...
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...Study Material PDF 2015 List of Committees & Organization Reports(Jan – Nov) Committee Name Report Title Committee Head Shantha Kumar Panel Law Commission of India Law Commission of India Non-governmental organizations Controller-General of Patents, Designs and Trademarks (CGPDTM) Brand Finance Report on FCI restructuring Report on electoral reforms Report on Death Penalty Lion Census report 2015 Shanta Kumar Justice DK Jain Justice DK Jain Shri Ashok Gajapathi Raju and Dr. Mahesh Sharma Indian Civil Aviation: At the Cusp of Taking off Forbes Annual list of the richest Indians Monitoring of Pesticide Residues Report on Delhi MLA’s salary package TechSci Research Report Report on Bankruptcy Law Reforms Top Secret Doping: How Russia makes its Winners” To suggest reforms to the Joint Entrance Examination (JEE). Report dealt with shell companies and beneficial ownership. Report on Innovation submitted its report recommending private funding for R&D Report on illegal migrants from Bangladesh Union Ministry of Agriculture Achary Panel ASSOCHAM Dr T K Viswanathan Committee Independent commission (IC) Committee of Eminent Persons on JEE Justice MB Shah-headed SIT on Black Money NITI Aayog panel Upamanyu Hazarika Commission Annual report on Patent filing in India Most valuable brand in India 100 Report Follow Us - FB.com/AffairsCloudOfficialPage PDT Achary Dr T K Viswanathan Richard W...
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...Dr. Pepper Snapple Group Case Study Marcela Beas Dr. Pepper Snapple Group March 5th, 2013 Current Situation Analysis Mission/Vision Statement The Dr. pepper Snapple Group fuses its vision and mission statements saying, “At Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, it is our vision to be the best beverage business in the Americas. Our brands have been synonymous with refreshment, fun and flavor for generations, and our sales are poised to keep growing in the future.” This stamen is straightforward and informatively average. It establishes the company’s goal and core values. Also, it highlights DPS’ interest in future sales growth. The company includes its business strategy stating that it focuses on building and enhancing leading brands, pursuing profitable channels, packages and categories, leveraging an integrated business model, strengthening routes to markets, and improving operating efficiency (Dr. Pepper Snapple Group). External Analysis Government policies and regulations affect business development and growth. Products have to be consistent with the USDA’s dietary guidelines and adhere to the FDA’s standards for health claims. Due to the current post-recession economy, growth is expected to be slow since existing demand patterns are expected to change as consumers become more health conscious. Moreover, global awareness and concern regarding the impact of climate change continues to be a focal point as business seek to achieve better business in terms of reduced cost...
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...Farm Characteristics Around the World. Journal Of Agromedicine, 18(3), 187-197. doi:10.1080/1059924X.2013.796901 “The global dairy industry is composed of a multitude of countries with unique production practices and consumer markets. The global average number of cows per farm is about 1–2 cows; however, as a farm business model transitions from sustenance to market production, the average herd size, and subsequent labor force increases. Dairy production is unique as an agricultural commodity because milk is produced daily, for 365 days per year. With the introduction of new technology such as the milking parlor, the global industry trend is one of increasing farm sizes. The farm sizes are the largest in the United States; however, the European Union produces the most milk compared with other global producers. Dairy production is essential for economic development and sustainable communities in rural areas. However, the required capital investment and availability of local markets and labor are continued challenges. Due to farm expansion, international producers are faced with new challenges related to assuring food safety and a safe working environment for their workforce. These challenges exist in addition to the cultural and language barriers related to an increasing dependence on immigrant labor in many regions of the world. Continued success of the global dairy industry is vital. Therefore, research should continue to address the identification of occupational risk factors...
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...Benchmark Assignment: The Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Andrea Elena Medina Grand Canyon University: NRS-427V Concepts in Community and Public Health Thursday, December 08, 2015 Benchmark Assignment: The Epidemiology of Hepatitis B A major global health issue impacting the international health community is Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is viral condition that injures the liver due to the attempt to eliminate the virus, leading to progressive liver disease and cirrhosis (Hepatitis B (HBV, Hep B), 2014). The incidence of cirrhosis developing in people with chronic HBV is 8-20% (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2013; European Association for the Study of the Liver, 2012); the annual incidence of HBV-related liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, is 2-5% of people with cirrhosis (EASL, 2012). A person infected with Hepatitis B can transmit the virus to another person who hasn’t been affected by Hepatitis B in several ways. People can become infected with the virus when they come into contact with contaminated blood, semen and when other body fluids mix with the uninfected person’s body fluids. Examples of transmission occur from sexual contact, blood transfusion before the year 1992, sharing of needles or syringes, and from mother to baby at birth. Hepatitis B can be an acute, or short-term, illness for some people but for others, it can often lead to a lifelong chronic infection. The risk for chronic infection is related to a person’s age at the time of infection:...
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...sciences. PLOS stands for Public Library of Science. This article has to do with swine flu deaths from the 2009 global outbreak and a new study by researchers in 26 different countries that point to the fact that the number of people who died in the 2009 swine flu outbreak was much higher than original World Health Organization official figures have shown. The new study presented in PLOS Medicine gives an estimate of world-wide swine flu deaths to have been about 203,000. This figure is roughly ten times higher than that given by the World Health Organization (WHO)-which based its total only on laboratory confirmed cases and deaths. Also, this study looked into the number of deaths by causes that became exacerbated or intensified by swine flu infection. When these deaths were taken into account, the total number of deaths due to infection by swine flu nearly doubled the 203,000 total. This was approximately more than twenty times higher than the WHO total-which, just to reiterate, was solely based on lab confirmed cases, etc... When making comments on the study (which was funded by WHO to look into the details of the outbreak and to try to come up with a more accurate death toll), one of the main researchers and author, Lone Simonsen, a researcher and professor of the Department of Global Health at George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services in the United States stated: “We found that the mortality burden of this pandemic fell most heavily on...
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...developed in childhood as a means to cope with emotionally difficult situations, whether it is sexual abuse or other childhood trauma. In the past, it has been assumed that Dissociative Identity Disorder has no treatment because of the complexity of the condition. However, recent studies have shown that structured clinical psychiatry sessions can alleviate the symptoms of Dissociative Identity Disorder and actually reduce the number of memory relapses. These conclusions stand as testimonies to the fact that Dissociative Identity Disorder can be treated despite the claims of past studies. “What if pretending she was somebody else was the only way a little girl knew how to defend herself. But she had to pretend so intensely that the pretending became real” (Sargent, 2007). In the 2007 docudrama film Sybil, directed by Joseph Sargent, the main character Sybil Dorsett suffers from 16 personalities because of her Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), which she developed as a child. Dissociative Identity Disorder is defined as “a condition in which a person displays multiple distinct identities (known as alters or parts), each with its own pattern of perceiving and interacting with the environment” (Global Health Observatory). In the film, Sybil’s psychiatrist Cornelia Wilbur offered the opening quote as a suggestion as to why Dorsett developed such a condition. Before Sybil, Dissociative Identity Disorder was not an accepted psychiatric disorder; most psychiatrists claimed it was a form...
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...Commissioner of Prefectural Health Supervising Department From Director of Evaluation and Licensing Division, Pharmaceutical and Food Safety Bureau Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Basic principles on Global Clinical Trials* Up to the present according to “Ethnic Factors in the Acceptability of Foreign Clinical Data” based on ICH-E5 guideline (Notification. No. 762, Director of Evaluation and Licensing Division, Pharmaceutical and Food Safety Bureau, Ministry of Health and Welfare, dated August 11, 1998), utilizing foreign clinical trial data in a new drug application what is called “Bridging” has been accepted in Japan, and post-marketing data in USA and EU have been taken into consideration in a review for regulatory approval where necessary. On the other hand, in the report entitled “Institutional reform for promoting science and technology and passing on the benefits of the scientific and technological advance” (Council for Science and Technology Policy, dated December 2006), it is mentioned to encourage global clinical trials in terms of efficient and rapid developments of new drugs. Moreover, in the final report of the special committee for “Effective & Safe Drugs Quick to Patients” (dated July, 2007), it is pointed out to promote global clinical trials in order to resolve “Drug lag (Circumstances where drug approved in EU and US are not approved in Japan and can not be provided to nations)” and to clear points to consider for conducting global clinical trials from...
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...diets (Bunyamin, Spaderna, & Weidner, 2013). When we eat too much of certain food nutrients without balancing the ratio that is required can be so dangerous to our body health. Nourishing our bodies well involve every aspect of our life; physical, emotional and even spiritual. When one of these aspects is unbalanced, our eating behaviors change, and this affects our body health. A healthy diet provides the body with the necessary nutrients that are required to function physically, and also fight diseases (Colditz, 1999). Many studies have proved that the rate of lifestyle disease occurrences has risen sharply in the last few decades mostly in developed nations than the developing nations. World Health Organization (WHO) estimated in 2005 that 61% of global death occurrences are as a result of lifestyle disease. It further predicted that by the year 2030, the global death rate caused by lifestyle diseases would reach 70%. This statistics is worrying because the lifestyle diseases are now proving to be the threat to the human kind(Mayo Clinic, 2011). One question which the most researchers are trying to find the answers is that, does western diets and lifestyle negatively influencing people’s health? This paper tries to argue in support of the fact that western diets and lifestyle truly affects the health of the people. First, the nutritionists and scientists have asserted that western lifestyle and diet are...
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...stated in the article and must be categorized as null, directional, or research based. The hypothesis statement must contain variables. Variables in the content of research can be defined as confounding variables, environmental variables, and demographic variables. Sampling is also used to collect data for research. With the above taken into consideration, this paper will evaluate a journal article based on diabetes and reproductive health in women. The Problem with Diabetes and Procreation In this journal article, the main problem or objective the study was conducted to resolve is to seek knowledge for health care professionals on how to administer appropriate advice to women with diabetes concerning reproductive health. This topic is important for health care professionals to study because giving appropriate advice concerning reproduction and making informed decisions between the patient and the health care professional. The purpose of this study is to evaluate all areas of reproductive health in females who have diabetes. This study gives a comprehensive view on the start of menstrual cycles and the disorders related to diabetes, contraception methods for females with diabetes, pregnancy with diabetes, sexual dysfunction associated with diabetes, and menopause associated with diabetes. The problem and Hypothesis...
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...GLOBALIZATION AND PUBLIC HEALTH Although, recently there is a growing literature on the importance of globalization for health, the term globalization has for long been used in academic discourse, particularly within the social and political science but relatively new in the discussion within public health. While the processes of globalization are far from straight forward, the concept of health is as well a complex one, which result into no consensus either on the pathways and mechanism through which globalization affects the health of population or on the appropriate policy responses (woodward et al 2001). However, there has been a significant increase interest on the issue of globalization within public health, although a contested one, since authors on public health are still undecided not only on the exact conclusion on the impact of globalization on public health, whether bad or good, but also as to whether globalization has actually cemented its place in the public health lexicon. Nevertheless, it is know that a broad-based public health should take note of significant economic, political and social changes that determine and shape people’s health, and this definitely will call for a proper theoretical approach to globalization in understanding the nature of these contemporary economic, political and social changes (Stuart McClean in Orme et. al. 2007). This essay will describe the relationship between globalization and public health. It will first begin, by exploring...
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...(PFSA) 1 Jimma Hub to Supply Quality Assured Essential pharmaceuticals to Health Facilities in South West Region 1 !Unexpected End of Formula 1. Introduction 2 1.1. Statement of the Problem 3 1.2. Study goal, objectives and indicators 3 1.2.1. Goal 3 1.2.2. Objective & Indicators 3 1.3. Hypothesis 4 1.4. Significance of the Study 4 1.5. Scope of the Study 5 2. Literature Review 5 2.1. TODAY'S CHALLENGES 6 2.2. Supply Chain Pain Points 6 2.2.1. Lack of Visibility, Particularly Upstream 6 2.2.2. Alignment with Third-Party Service Providers 7 2.2.3. Supply Chain Traceability 7 3. Methodology 8 3.1. Sources of Data 8 3.2. Method of Sampling Technique 8 3.3. Method of Data Collection 8 3.4. Study Population 8 3.5. Plan of Action 9 3.6. Management Plan 9 4. Conclusion 10 5. References 11 Abstract The Pharmaceuticals Fund and Supply Agency is focusing on supplying 100% Essential Medicines to public health facilities. The focus stems from the increasing health problem of the public that the health facilities should address accordingly. The objective of this study is, therefore, to identify challenges in supply chain of pharmaceuticals and determining factors that contribute to these challenges at PFSA Jimma hub. The study will use both an observational and self-administered questioner methods. This study method will involve all technical employees of PFSA, 10% health centers and 20% hospitals. Data analysis will done using descriptive...
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...Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable airborne disease that has no respect of age, gender, color or nationality, and globally, it is a major health problem. This paper will discuss the global importance and economic impact of TB, human and financial resource allocation for TB in Nigeria, health policies and initiatives related to TB in Nigeria, overall progress made and resources not already appropriated that is needed to combat TB in Nigeria. Significance and Economic Impact According to CDC (2013), the United States has made significant progress towards eradicating TB while other countries worldwide are struggling to find an end to the disease. CDC also reported that, 62% of all reported incidents of TB and 82.7% of multidrug-resistant TB events in the United States were found amongst persons that originated from other countries, and over 75% of these people were born in other countries ("Global TB," 2013). About nine million new cases of TB and nearly two million deaths are reported each year globally ("Global TB," 2013). Nigeria is located in West Africa, and it is ranked the tenth among the 22 High Burden Countries and the fourth in Africa with TB ("Stoptb," 2013). According to Stoptb (2013), the exact burden of TB disease in Nigeria in terms of incidence, prevalence, socio-economic indices and mortality is unknown. However, World Health Organization (WHO) in 2011 estimated 320,000 cases of TB with yearly occurrence of 199 cases per 000 populations and 210,000 new cases representing...
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