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Introduction Sweden has accomplished a desirable standard of living under a mixed system of high-tech capitalism. They have excellent internal and external communications and a highly skilled labor forces. Compared to Finland, which has a highly industrialized, largely free-market economy and is one of the best performing economies within the European Union. They were able to avoid the worst global financial crisis in 2009 (The World Factbook, 2015). Both Sweden and Finland are part of Nordic Europe on GLOBE society/culture cluster. Although they shared the same region with dynamic and energetic culture, there are many differences between the two countries that make each individual country unique. The GLOBE scores on society level, culture and leadership style on each dimension shows many similarities yet many differences as well.
Assertiveness
Sweden scored 3.38 and ranked 61st globally. This demonstrates Swedish society does not emphasize on rewarding performances. Compared to Finland, they scored 3.81 and ranked 47th globally. This demonstrates the Finnish are neither dominant nor aggressive in their social relationships. Many countries characterized Finland as a “cultural lone wolf” (Chhokar, J., Brodbeck, F., House, R., 2007)
Future Orientation Sweden scored 4.39 and ranked 9th globally. Sweden’s society encourages and rewards future-oriented behaviors. For instance, Sweden prefers its society to plan and invest in the future, and delay gratification. They are more concern with long-term rather than short-term goals. On the other hand, Finland scored 4.24 and ranked 51st globally. The Finnish supports the opinion of moving forward in the future together. Although Finland’s ranking dropped from 14th to 51st, they still believed that more emphasis on future orientation is necessary to improve Finland (Chhokar, J., Brodbeck, F., House, R., 2007).
Gender Differentiation Sweden scored 3.84 and ranked 8th globally. This demonstrates men and women in Sweden are recognized almost equally, although the society is trending more towards the masculine side. Similarly Finland scored 3.35 and ranked 31st globally. The society in Finland strives for equality between the genders but it is also trending more towards the masculine side as well (Chhokar, J., Brodbeck, F., House, R., 2007).
Uncertainty Avoidance Sweden scored 5.32 and ranked 61st globally. This indicated Sweden has the highest of uncertainty avoidance. This protects the fundamental rights of individuals in their contacts with the authority (Cultural Tools, n.d). Unlike Finland, who scored 5.02 and ranked 8th globally. Finnish are time-conscious and like to be punctual with their appointments. They have their responsibility and authority well defined (Chhokar, J., Brodbeck, F., House, R., 2007).
Power Distance
Sweden scored 4.85 and ranked 51st globally. The power between organization and society is unequally share. Sweden is perceived as a low-power distance society. For example, most organization depending on their title and status will have a certain dress code to abide by. Similar to Finland who scored 4.89 and ranked 47th globally (Cultural Tools, n.d). In Finland, there is a distance between levels in the organization and society as well. Before Finland joined European Union, Finnish were more involved in teamwork in society. Nowadays, there are better-educated people and authority inherent positions have created a gap between societies (Chhokar, J., Brodbeck, F., House, R., 2007).
Institutional Emphasis on Collectivism verses Individualism Sweden scored 3.66 and ranked 58th globally. Out of all participating countries in the GLOBE study, Sweden is the most collectivist society. They promote traditionalism of interdependence among individuals. Similar to Finland who scored 4.07 and ranked 54th globally. In the Finnish society, different generations no longer live together with their family. The term family unity has decreased over the years. Therefore, both countries are high on independence (Chhokar, J., Brodbeck, F., House, R., 2007).
In-group Collectivism Sweden scored 5.22 and ranked 60th globally. Sweden is one of the most individualistic nations in GLOBE study. Sweden stressed highly on individual independence and strength. Conversely, Finland scored 4.63 and ranked 10th globally. Finland has influenced European economies and has strong labor unions. They have mutual respect, direct communication, and flat organizational structures among organizations (Chhokar, J., Brodbeck, F., House, R., 2007).
Performance Orientation Sweden scored 3.72 and ranked 48th globally. Sweden is focused more on the performance of the organization unit rather than specific individuals of the unit. For instance, a common procedure is to provide regular feedback to faculty department on their performances but will not be evaluated. Compared to Finland who scored 3.81 and ranked 46th globally. Finnish has desires to reduce government expenditure rather than performance (Chhokar, J., Brodbeck, F., House, R., 2007).
Human Orientation
Sweden scored 4.10 and ranked 28th globally. Swedish focused more on individual humane characteristics unlike Finland. Sweden rewards individuals for being fair, altruistic, friendly, and generous. Compared to Finland that scored 3.96 and ranked 35th globally. Finnish emphasize on harmony. They are well known as friendly people and ready to assist those who are in need (Chhokar, J., Brodbeck, F., House, R., 2007).
Conclusion
GLOBE study investigates how cultural and leadership values relates to practices, economic competitiveness of societies, and human condition of its members within the organization (Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., Luque, M. S., & House, R. J., 2006). Each country has their similarities and differences that make them unique. Sweden and Finland are similar in gender differentiation, power distance, and institutional emphasis on collectivism verses individualism. However they differ in assertiveness, future orientation, uncertainty avoidance, in-group collectivism, performance orientation, and human orientation.

References

Chhokar, J., Brodbeck, F., House, R. (2007) Culture and Leadership, Across The World: The Globe Book Of In-Depth Studies Of 25 Societies. Google. Retrieved from https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=TyGjfm9dADkC&printsec=frontcover&output=reader&hl=en&pg=GBS.PT1

Cultural Tools. (n.d) The Hofstede Centre. Retrieved from http://geert-hofstede.com/spain.html

Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., Luque, M. S., & House, R. J. (2006). In the Eye of the Beholder: Cross Cultural Lessons in Leadership from Project GLOBE. Academy of Management Perspectives, 67-90.

Javidan, M., & House, R. J. (2001). Cultural Acumen for the Global Manager: Lessons from Project GLOBE. Organizational Dynamics , 29 (4), 289-305.

The World Factbook. (2015) CIA. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/

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