...1. Key government sites Bank Indonesia (BI): www.bi.go.id Bank Indonesia is Indonesia’s central bank. An excellent site that has improved steadily. Clean, easy to navigate, and full of information and data--in English as well as Bahasa--on Indonesia's economy and financial system. Although there is not a great deal on the corporate governance of banks, look under "Regulations" for some relevant new rules (eg, in January and October 2006). Probably the best financial website in Indonesia. The National Committee on Governance (NCG): www.governance-indonesia.com In 1999 the Indonesian government formed the National Committee on Corporate Governance (NCCG), one of whose first tasks was the drafting of the "Indonesian Code of Good Corporate Governance", published in 2001. In 2004, the Committee's name was changed to The National Committee on Governance (Komite Nasional Kebijakan Governance), the aim being to revitalize the former NCCG and broaden its scope to cover public as well as corporate governance. NCG has a bold ambition: to "transform Indonesia into a country with one of the best applications of good governance" and to be among the top quartile of countries in international surveys of good governance by 2009. Taking its website as a measure of progress, however, the NCG has not been as active as its objectives would suggest. The site aims to be useful (eg, it has some helpful links, speeches and documents), yet remains quite light on content. Back to top 2. Regulatory...
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...To: Prof. Bruce Trumm From: Nesreen Makhdom Subject: Asia’s Stumbling Giant Date: 11/15/2015 Business Brief (Case Analysis 1) General Description of Indonesia: In the early 17th century Dutch settled Indonesia. In 1942 to 1945 japan took over Indonesia. In 1957 first president Soekarno set up “Guided Democracy”. After that Suharto was the second president of Indonesia for 31 years until he resign in 1998. In 1999 the “fair legislative election” occurred in Indonesia. Indonesia is 255 million in population the world’s largest Muslims nation. It is located in the Southeastern Asia. 87% of the populations are Muslims. People speak more than 700 languages in Indonesia (CIA, 2015). The Central Issue of Indonesia: During Suharto rule, from 1967 to 1997, he utilized “crony Capitalism” and using the business enterprise for his personal and family support. That lead Indonesia to a “black hole” for ten years facing economic crisis and political issue. In 2004 Indonesia started its first fair election. However, at this time Indonesia faced many issues in the economic and politics, which let it behind the Asia neighbors such as China, Malaysia, and Thailand. The GDP fall, inflation declined, the unemployment stayed high, and the foreign investors left the country. The main central issue in the Indonesia was high level of endemic problem of corruption. According to the Transparency International, studies shows that Indonesia is ranked 100 out of 183 counties as most corrupt...
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...liberalization. As massive inflows of foreign investment poured into the country, problems soon arose with regulation and oversight. These structural weaknesses created instability and ultimately multiplied the effects of the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997. With strong encouragement of the IMF, Indonesia adopted a set of policies to protect currency values and penalize insolvent companies, in order to restore investor and creditor confidence in the country. Despite assistance from the International Monetary Fund, the Crisis devastated the Indonesian economy and brought on massive social unrest. This paper consists of six parts. We intend to analyze pre, during, and post-crisis trends utilizing such macroeconomic models as the Mundell-Fleming model, the IS-LM model, and the open economy model for calculating exchange rates. First we provide a brief overview of the Asian Financial Crisis. The second part of the paper analyzes why the crisis happened; moreover, what policies lead to the crisis. Third, we provide an in depth examination of Indonesia’s response to the crisis. Forth, we evaluate what went wrong with Indonesia’s macroeconomic response to the crisis through the models. Fifth, we examine...
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...of General Suharto after 30 years of authoritarian rule and a collapse of the Rupiah. The country is now a vibrant democracy that is continuing to strengthen its political structures and deepen the enfranchisement of the population. In Indonesia, there are parliamentary and presidential elections every five years. After every five years, election is being contested for president and vice president post by direct vote of the citizenry. In 20 October 2014, Joko Widodo has been elected as president and Jusuf Kala is the vice president. However, corruption and slow-moving bureaucracy continues to be a persistent issue. The government faces great challenges in consolidating Indonesia's democratic transition, restoring the country's economic momentum, and in bringing the benefits of development to all Indonesia's citizens. Among the key political issues with economic implications are periodic outbreaks of communal violence around the country, particularly in Central Sulawesi; demands for greater autonomy or independence in Papua; the presence of the regional terrorist organization Jemaah Islamiyah (JI); and deep-seated weaknesses in the rule of law at all levels throughout the country. Economical Factors Indonesia is considered as a developing country. They have hub of natural resources such as in oil production. The top exports of Indonesia are Coal Briquettes ($22.9B), Petroleum Gas ($17.4B), Palm Oil ($16.5B), Crude Petroleum ($11.3B) and Rubber ($7.45B). Indonesia also gains...
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...A Paper on Growth Diagnostics of Indonesia February 6, 2013 I. Introduction The goal of every country is to achieve not only sustainable development but also inclusive growth. Sustainable development, as defined by the Brundtland Commission, is a "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs". Inclusive growth on the other hand, pertains to an equitable allocation of resources to every sector of the society which in effect decreases the rapid growth rate of poverty, at the same time increasing the involvement of its people to the growth of the country. To be considered as an industrialized and developed country, one must take consideration on the political, social and most importantly the economic aspect in order for the country to be competitive in the market and also promote a high standard of living. Those prerequisites can be achieved by determining first the factors that trigger the economic growth of a country and that include infrastructures, human capital, literacy, safety, and other indicators. In layman’s term, an economy can be defined as the system that is used to manage the resources in a country. It is often used as an indicator to measure how rich or poor a country and its people are. When an economy is doing well, the government is able to meet the needs of the people and its country. In this paper, we will study the growth diagnostics of Indonesia to determine how...
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...by a pre-colonial monarchy) with an estimated population of over 252 million people, making it the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia's republic form of government comprises an elected legislature and president. The nation's capital city is Jakarta. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and Malaysia. Other neighboring countries include Singapore, the Philippines, Australia, Palau, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Indonesia is a founding member of ASEAN and a member of the G-20 major economies. The Indonesian economy is the world's 16th largest by nominal GDP. The Indonesian archipelago has been an important trade region since at least the 7th century, when Srivijaya and then later Majapahit traded with China and India. Local rulers gradually absorbed foreign cultural, religious and political models from the early centuries CE, and Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms flourished. Indonesian history has been influenced by foreign powers drawn to its natural resources. Muslim traders brought the now-dominant Islam, while European powers brought Christianity and fought one another to monopolize trade in the Spice Islands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery. Following three and a half centuries of Dutch colonialism, Indonesia secured its independence after World War II. Indonesia's history has since been turbulent, with...
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...THE INDONESIA CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MANUAL First Edition IFC Advisory Services in Indonesia In Partnership with: THE INDONESIA CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MANUAL First Edition Jakarta, January 2014 i Disclaimer IFC, a member of the World Bank Group, creates opportunity for people to escape poverty and improve their lives. We foster sustainable economic growth in developing countries by supporting private sector development, mobilizing private capital and providing advisory services. The Indonesia Corporate Governance Manual (CG Manual) was commissioned by IFC as part of the Indonesia Corporate Governance Program that IFC is implementing in Indonesia since 2012. This manual is distributed with the understanding that neither the authors, nor the organizations, countries they represent, nor the publisher are engaged in rendering legal or financial advice. The material in this Manual is set out in good faith for general guidance, and no liability can be accepted for any possible loss or expense in incurred as a result of relying on the information contained herein. This publication is not intended to be exhaustive. It should not be relied upon as a basis for formulating business decisions. On all financial issues and questions, an accountant, auditor, or other financial specialist should be consulted. A lawyer should be consulted on all legal issues and questions. As the laws in the Republic of Indonesia are constantly changing, legal rules referred...
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...Women Leadership, had been a very interesting topic to be emphasized on. As we know the progress of woman’s workforce in the United States is that 40% women occupy the position of managerial position, only 6% position in Fortune 500 companies Top Executives were occupied by women, and only 2% of CEOs are women. So many career bariers for woman. Not to mention the obligation to taking care of family responsibility that made it slower for the career progress. Unexplained gender gap which is consistent with wage discrimination (women earned about 44% less than men, GAO research), discrimination which affect promotions at all career level (promotion comes slowly for women than for woman with equivalent qualifications), resistant to women leadership (double bind between two set of association : communal and agentic qualities. Communal convey a compassionate treatment to other, while agentic qualities convey assertion and control), also underinvestment in social capital since it is hard to breaking into an influential network as a small minority. One best example of Indonesian Women leader is Karen Agustiawan. Why we choose her as our topic is because of her footprint in Indonesia’s business world. 1. No. 1 Asia’s 50 Power Business women Forbes magazine version. Forbes magazine generate a comprehensive list of Asia’s 50 Power Businesswomen as an appreciation to the dynamic environment that the Women leader had created which successfully enhanced economic growth in respective...
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...Archilles (Multistrada Arah Sarana, Tbk) A. company profile PT Multistrada Arah Sarana Tbk (MASA) was established on June 20th, 1988 under the name of PT Oroban Perkasa. It is engaged in manufacturing Passenger Car Radial (PCR) tires and Motor Cycle (MC) tires for export and domestic market. MASA has markets its product with brand name of “Corsa”, “Strada” and “Achilles”. What happend to MASA.. * Global Crisis not to Affect MASA’s Sales (2009) In 9M09, MASA successfully raised its sales 19.2% YoY to Rp 1.2 tn. Its car tire production volume increased from 3.24 mn units in 9M08 to 3.51 mn units in 9M09, growing 8.29% YoY. In addition, MASA’s production volume of motorcycle tires boosted from 0.61 mn unit to 1.03 mn units in the same period, reflecting a 67.87%. As comparison, MASA suffered foreign exchange loss of Rp 118.5 bn in 2008, cutting its net profit margin to 0.22% as an effect of global financial crisis. * Continuing Expansion due to High Demand (2009) MASA continues to increase its car tire production capacity from 12,827 to 15,000 units per day during 2008-2009. In the same period, MASA also extended its motorcycle tire production capacity 205% YoY from 2,394 to 7,300 units per day. * Superb Performance Amid The Slower Growth of Domestic Tires Industry (2011) Amid the slower growth of Indonesia tires industry in 2011, MASA booked a significant revenue growth. In 2011, MASA’s revenue grew by 42.6% YoY to Rp 2.9 trillion from Rp 2.0 trillion in previous...
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...of the Government of Indonesia’s bank restructuring program. In July 1999, four state-owned banks-Bank Bumi Daya, Bank Dagang Negara, Bank Exim and Bapindo-were amalgamated into Bank Mandiri. The history of these four banks can be traced back over 150 years, and together they encapsulate the development of the Indonesian banking sector. Today, Bank Mandiri continues this tradition of more than 150 years of delivering outstanding banking and financial services that was developed by the four legacy banks, all of which played an integral role in the development of the Indonesian economy over many generations. Bank Mandiri is currently at an advanced stage of the implementation of its 2010-2014 transformation program as part of which the Bank is working toward revitalizing its vision “To be the most admired and progressive Financial Institution in Indonesia”. To achieve this vision, the focus of Bank Mandiri’s business transformation in 2010 will focus on 3 (three) business areas, namely: Wholesale transactions, Retail deposits & payments, and Retail financing. These three focus areas are supported by the strengthened organization and the infrastructure improvements (branches, IT, operations, risk management) so as to provide integrated service solutions. In addition, the Bank is also supported by skilled human resources, constantly updated technology, prudent business practices and risk management, and a strong track record of good corporate governance. (Source: Bank Mandiri...
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...Corporate Governance on Small-and-Medium Enterprises: The Implementation Comparison Between Family Businesses and Nonfamily Businesses ABSTRACT The term ‘corporate governance’ is commonly used and widely known among people who do business; especially big business. Generally speaking, corporate governance deals with interaction and relationship between business management, board of director, shareholders, and other stakeholders in the business (Abor and Adjasi, 2007). Quality and existence of the business could be determined by well-implemented corporate governance. In the practice, good corporate governance is an issue of big businesses, not for small medium enterprises (SMEs). But the fact said, SMEs contributed about more than 90% of the economic development. It is contradictory with the other fact that most SMEs could only last for ten years, before they went bankrupt. Most of the studies about corporate governance focused more on the implication of corporate governance in the big businesses (Memili, 2011; Culasso et al., 2012). There are still relatively less researches talking about corporate governance’s implementation in SMEs comparing to in the big ones (Johannison dan Huse, 2000; van den Heuvel et al., 2006). Therefore, this research aims to study the implementations of corporate governance in SMEs, and specifically comparing those implementations in family business and in nonfamily business. Aspects that would be used in analyzing the implementation are five aspects...
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...(“CIMB-Principal”) today launched the CIMB-Principal Strategic Income Bond Fund (“the Fund”), a fund that allows investors to capitalise on Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Middle East’s improving credit conditions given the high potential of more rating upgrades. Campbell Tupling, Chief Executive of CIMB-Principal Asset Management said, “The demand for high-quality bonds in Asia, Australia, New Zealand and Middle East continues to remain high given the low interest rates outlook in the US and Europe, and this should support bond prices for the next few years. In addition, the slower economic recovery of these developed markets is shifting investment appetite to Asia. Combined with the likelihood of bond rating upgrades, this will mean potential good returns for investors who want to invest in regional high growth prospects in a stable manner.” Post-financial crisis, bonds remain the preferred asset class for more conservative investors because it is less volatile than equities. Asia, for example, remains a sound investment destination with rapid urbanisation, as a younger and higher population growth will necessitate greater infrastructure spending in the coming years. This provides the golden opportunity to profit from the economic power of Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Middle East. “By taking a three year buy-and-hold strategy, the Fund is buffered from interest rate fluctuations. This means returns will be predictable and in addition to potentially higher than that...
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...THE IDEAs WORKING PAPER SERIES Paper no. 01/2012 Fiscal Policy Evolution and Distributional Implications: The Indonesian experience Smitha Francis Abstract This paper analyses Indonesia’s resource mobilisation and public expenditure policies against the backdrop of her inequality trends and macroeconomic policy evolution. It is argued that the country’s fiscal policy stance has been adversely impacted by her monetary and financial sector policies under an open capital account, with attendant regressive distributional implications. Juxtaposing the analysis of revenue mobilisation trends and taxation policies with the evidence of increasing asset and land concentration and persisting high inequalities reveals that the increase in income tax revenue did not necessarily come from the upper income profiles or corporate profits. Meanwhile, although government expenditure to GDP ratio has improved after 2003, capital expenditures and social expenditures other than those in education continue to remain low. Further, the current pattern of fiscal decentralisation does not seem to be effective in addressing the existing disparities. JEL Classification H 200; H 500; H 700 Key Words Indonesia, fiscal policy, public finance, inequality, taxation, revenue, government expenditure, financial liberalisation, IMF debt conditionalities, decentralisation Smitha Francis is Principal Economist, Economic Research Foundation, New Delhi. Email for correspondence: smithafrancis@gmail.com ...
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...BUSINESS ETHICS GROUP ASSIGNMENT WHAT LIES BENEATH THE BEAUTY Adityo Prasidi (1340000582) Cinthya Natalia (1340001244) Jeannie Purnamasari (1340001175) Karina Rizki (1340001130) Niltha Mathias (1340000462) Oktavius Ivoni (1340000771) Regvred Reinaldo (1340000784) Talita Anggreni (1340001023) TABLE OF CONTENT WHAT LIES BENEATH THE BEAUTY 1 CHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND: UNILEVER 2 1.1 Company Background: Unilever 2 1.2 Overview of Unilever Indonesia 3 1.3 Unilever Indonesia Foundation 3 1.4 Overview of Dove Products 4 1.5 Environmental Record 5 CHAPTER 2 CASE STUDY: UNILEVER VS GREENPEACE 7 2.1 Indonesia Palm Oil Plantation 7 2.2 Unilever Palm Oil Suppliers 11 2.3 Environment Destruction Caused by Palm Oil Plantations 14 2.3.1 Deforestation 15 2.3.2 Destruction of Orang Utan Habitat 17 2.4 The Impact to Unilever 18 CHAPTER 3 CASE ANALYSIS 19 3.1 Ethical Theory 19 3.1.1 The Stockholder Theory 19 3.1.2 The Stakeholder Theory 20 3.1.3 The Social Contract Theory 20 3.2 Triple Bottom Line 21 3.2.1 People 21 3.2.2 Planet 22 3.2.3 Profit 22 3.3 Environmental Issues of Business Ethics 22 3.3.1 Business and Ecology 23 3.3.2 The Ethics of Environmental Protection 24 3.3.3 Who Should Pay the Cost of Environmental Damage 24 3.3.4 Regulation 24 3.3.5 The Value of Nature 24 3.4 Ethical Issues 25 3.4.1 Environment Destruction 26 3.4.2 Violating the RSPOs Principles 28 3.4.3 Unilever Failure of Screening its Suppliers’ Code of Conduct 30 3.4.4 Government...
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...Chapter 1 Introduction OBJECTIVES Introduction to the goal of financial management. Competitors to the rule of wealth maximization and their limitations. Factors affecting value creation. Corporate governance around the world. Corporate Financial Management deals with the decisions of a firm related to investment, financing and dividend. To carry on business, a firm invests in tangible assets like plant and machinery, buildings, and intangible assets like goodwill and patents. This comprises the investment decision. These assets don’t come free; one has to pay for them, so a company needs to tap various sources of funds including promoter’s contribution. This forms the financing decision. The investment in assets generates revenues and cash flows for a specific period of time. The managers of the company can either retain cash with the company for further investment or distribute to the owners of the company—the shareholders. This constitutes the dividend decision. In short, a finance manager will be concerned with such financial decisions as: • Which investment/s should the company accept and what are the financial implications of undertaking the same? • How should the company finance those investments? What should be the mix of owners’ contribution— equity and borrowed funds, i.e., debt at any given point in time? • How much of the income generated from operations should be returned to shareholders in the form of dividends and how much is to be retained...
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