...CLAR 120: GLOSSARY UPDATED: 8/18/15 absolute dating: The determination of age with reference to a specific time scale, such as a fixed calendrical system. Anatolia: The western Asian peninsula bordered by the Black Sea, the Aegean, and the Mediterranean, with the eastern border variously defined; today the western part of Turkey. Also called Asia Minor, especially when referring to the Greek and Roman periods. anthropology: The study of humanity - our physical characteristics as animals, and our unique non-biological characteristics we call culture. apsidal: building type with one rounded end, found especially in mainland Greek Early Iron Age contexts. archaeological survey: Recording remains visible on the surface, without recourse to excavation. archaeology: A subdiscipline of anthropology involving the study of the human past through its material remains. artifact: Any portable object used, modified, or made by humans; e.g. stone tools, pottery, and metal weapons. ashlar masonry: masonry style with smoothed rectangular cut blocks. assemblage: A group of artifacts recurring together at a particular time and place, and representing the sum of human activities. band: A term used to describe small-scale societies of hunters and gatherers, generally less than 100 people, who move seasonally to exploit wild (undomesticated) food resources. Kinship ties play an important part in social organization. Big-Man society: A type of socio-political organization where an influential...
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...Third Attempt. Greek Slavery grew out of desperateness to pay living expenses. Although Athens had enough money to provide equal living for all Athenians, the money was unequally divided. One outcome is that some poor Athenians were not able to collect enough savings to support themselves. According to “Slaves to Democracy, “ Often the only thing they had available to use was their own bodies, so if they were unable to pay, they were force to become slaves.” One can conclude that this is how the slaves family was being paid. The intistution of slavery allowed democracy to flourish. Athenian democracy required that citizens give up a numerous amount of their time . For example , “ Decisions concerning important and domestic matters were ultimately...
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...focused in depicting gay stereotypes and how they shaped the public's impression of the gay community. These stereotypes created a non-threatening sissy gay and a warrior lesbian. Throughout history, heterosexual men are seen to be strong and proud of their masculinity and homosexuals have been perceived as lacking masculinity and feminine. Gay characters started to emerge in the 1990’s in both television and movies. Ellen DeGeneres and her character Ellen Morgan coming out under much scrutiny on the TV show ‘Ellen,’ which eventually led to her own talk show. The movie The Birdcage, with Robin Williams was about a gay cabaret owner and his drag queen companion. Gays and lesbians have been around for a long time, especially in Hollywood, but more people started to come out in the 90’s. With the popularity of shows like Will and Grace, which feature leading gay characters, as well as the show Friends, Ross Gellar’s lesbian ex-wife Carol, marries her partner and happily co-parents her son with Ross. Over a period of time we are slowly seeing gay, lesbian, and bi-sexual characters slowly entering into the mainstream media (Campbell, 1). The progression towards the acceptance of homosexuality in the media can be seen in many of the popular shows today. An example is Will & Grace, as well as other television shows such as Grey’ s Anatomy, Greek, Ugly Betty, and Modern Family. Will & Grace would not have been on air if it were not for Ellen...
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...Exegesis of 1 Thessalonians 4: 13-18 Historical Context Situated near the site of Therma on the Thermaic Gulf, Thessalonica was located near the northermost reaches of the Aegean Sea. “The ancient city was founded in Macedonia (a region that encompassed roughly the northern half of the Greek peninsula) about 315 b.c. by Cassander, who named it after his wife, Thessalonica, the daughter of Philip II and sister of Alexander the Great.” (Martin, 1995, p.21) Enjoying the status of a ‘free’, self-governing city (although still under Roman control), Thessalonica was the most influential city in Macaedonia. The city functioned as a very important trade city, as it was located on the Via Egnatia trade route (the major east-west highway from Asia Minor to Rome). On hearing the gospel, many Thessalonians were persuaded and the church grew quickly under the supervision of Paul. Many amongst the Jewish community, however, were not persuaded and instigated a riot in the city, hoping to trap Paul and his companions (Acts 17:1-9). Due to this, Paul was forced to leave the city of Thessalonica earlier than expected. As a result, two important factors were at play: * There was dissent amongst some of the Thessalonian believers, who queried whether Paul may have been motivated by money or power (hence his defense of his ministry in 1 Thessalonians 2). * The Thessalonian believers still had many lingering questions about the faith, that Paul had been unable to answer during his brief...
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...prosperous during the period of the Crusades (12th and 13th centuries), benefiting from Italian trade. Following a period of sharp decline under the rule of the Ottoman Empire, Athens re-emerged in the 19th century as the capital of the independent Greek state. Contents 1 Name 1.1 Geographical setting 2 Antiquity 2.1 Origins and early history 2.2 Reform and democracy 2.3 Classical Athens 2.3.1 Early Athenian military history 2.3.2 Artists and philosophers 2.3.3 Peloponnesian War 3 Athenian coup of 411 BC 3.1 Corinthian War and the Second Athenian League 3.2 Athens under Macedon 3.3 Hellenistic Athens 3.4 Roman Athens 4 Middle Ages 4.1 Byzantine Athens 4.2 Latin Athens 4.2.1 Burgundian period 4.2.2 Aragonese period 4.2.3 Florentine period 5 Modern history 5.1 Ottoman Athens 5.2 Independence from the Ottomans 5.3 Modern Athens 5.3.1 Population influx 5.3.2 Athens under the Nazis 5.3.3 Postwar Athens 5.3.4 Athens today 5.3.5 Recent historical population 5.4 Notable Athenians 5.5 Ancient sites in Athens 6 Notes 7 Further reading The contest of Athena and Poseidon. West Pediment of the Parthenon. The name of Athens, connected to the name of its patron goddess Athena, originates from an earlier, Pre-Greek language.[1][verification needed] The etiological myth explaining how Athens acquired this name through the legendary contest between Poseidon and Athena was described by...
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...STRING INSTRUMENTS * Violin The violin is a string instrument, usually with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is the smallest, highest-pitched member of the violin family of string instruments, which also includes the viola, cello and doublebass. The violin is sometimes informally called a fiddle, regardless of the type of music played on it. The word violin comes from the Medieval Latin word vitula, meaning stringed instrument; this word is also believed to be the source of the Germanic "fiddle". The violin, while it has ancient origins, acquired most of its modern characteristics in 16th-century Italy, with some further modifications occurring in the 18th and 19th centuries. Violinists and collectors particularly prize the instruments made by the Gasparo da Salò, Giovanni Paolo Maggini, Stradivari, Guarneri and Amati families from the 16th to the 18th century in Brescia and Cremona and by Jacob Stainer in Austria. Great numbers of instruments have come from the hands of "lesser" makers, as well as still greater numbers of mass-produced commercial "trade violins" coming from cottage industries in places such as Saxony, Bohemia, and Mirecourt. Many of these trade instruments were formerly sold by Sears, Roebuck and Co. and other mass merchandisers. A person who makes or repairs violins is called a luthier. The parts of a violin are usually made from different types of wood (although electric violins may not be made of wood at all, since their sound may not...
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...understanding and beliefs In 1847 the American Medical Association revolutionized medicine in the United States. Members of this newly formed organization, met in Philadelphia as the first national professional medical organization in the world, dedicated themselves to establishing uniform standards for professional education, training, and conduct. They unanimously adopted the world's first national code of professional ethics in medicine. For more than 160 years since, the AMA's Code of Medical Ethics has been the authoritative ethics guide for practicing physicians. Ethics in Hand are pocket-sized guides to the Code of Medical Ethics for physicians and medical students. The Code articulates the enduring values of medicine as a profession. As a statement of the values to which physicians commit themselves individually and collectively, the Code is a touchstone for medicine as a professional community. It defines medicine’s integrity and the source of the profession’s authority to self-regulate. At the same time, the Code of Medical Ethics is a living document, evolving as changes in medicine and the delivery of health care raise new questions about how the profession's core values apply in physicians' day to day practice. The Code links theory and practice, ethical principles and real world dilemmas in the care of patients. The next time you hear a monotheist tell a non-believer that morals come from the Bible or that moral reasoning cannot provide an ethical code of conduct; point...
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...everyday usage, a constellation is a traditional or recognizable group of stars in the night sky, or the region of the sky containing them. In technical usage these meanings have been separated, with groupings of stars being called asterisms, and the word constellation being reserved for a specific area of the celestial sphere with boundaries laid down by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). These areas mostly had their origins in Western-traditional asterisms from which the constellations take their names. When astronomers say something is “in” a given constellation they mean it is within those official boundaries. There are 88 officially recognized constellations, covering the entire sky[1] which have grown from the 48 classical Greek constellations laid down by Ptolemy in the Almagest. Out of these 88 constellations, 12 compose the zodiac signs. Thus, any given point in a celestial coordinate system can unambiguously be assigned to a constellation. It is usual in astronomy to give the constellation in which a given object is found along with its coordinates in order to convey a rough idea in which part of the sky it is located. Contents [hide] * 1Terminology * 2History * 2.1Ancient near East * 2.2Chinese astronomy * 2.3Indian astronomy * 2.4Classical antiquity * 2.5Islamic astronomy * 2.6Early Modern era * 3IAU constellations * 4Asterisms * 5Ecliptic coordinate systems * 6Dark cloud...
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...University of Phoenix Material Appendix D Part I Define the following terms: |Term |Definition | |Ethnic group |Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit | |Anti-Semitism |Prejudiced against or hostile to Jews | |Islamophobia |Prejudice against Muslims | |Xenophobia |A person unduly fearful or contemptuous of that, which is foreign, especially of strangers or foreign | | |peoples. | |Persecution |To oppress or harass with ill treatment, especially because of race, religion, gender, sexual | | |orientation, or beliefs. | |Religious group |A set of individuals whose identity as such is distinctive in terms of common religious creed, beliefs,| | |doctrines, practices, or rituals. | Part II Select at least 1 religious and 1 ethnic/racial group not your...
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...------------------------------------------------- Albanian cuisine The cuisine of Albania is influenced by Turkish, Greek, and Italian cuisines, as well as ancient Greek, ancient Roman and Byzantine cooking. Every region in Albania and Kosovo has its own unique dishes. Albanian cuisine is characterized by the use of various mediterranean herbs such as Oregano, Black Pepper, Mint, Basil, Rosemary and more in cooking meat and fish. Olive oiland butter is also a main ingredient in different dishes. In Albania, meat (lamb, cow, rabbit and chicken) is used heavily in various dishes in most of the country. Seafood specialties are also common in the coastal areas such as Durrës, Vlorë,Shkoder, Lezhe and Sarandë. Vegetables are used in almost every dish. Usually, Albanian farmers grow every vegetable present in the Mediterranean region and sell them at the local Farmers Market. Vegetables are brought fresh at the Farmers Market early in the morning and this market is opened everyday. The main meal of the Albanians is lunch, which usually consists of gjellë, the main dish of slowly cooked meat, and a salad of fresh vegetables, such as tomatoes, cucumbers, greenpeppers, and olives. The salad is dressed with olive oil, vinegar, and salt. ------------------------------------------------- Appetizers * Bread (Bukë) or Corn Bread (Bukë misri) are ever present on the Albanian table. Hence the expression for "Going to eat a meal" (Albanian:për të ngrënë bukë) can be literally translated...
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... 1 Factors determining citizenship: - Parents are citizens -Born within a county -Marriage to a citizen -Naturalization 2 History * 2.1 Polis citizenship * 2.2 Roman ideas of citizenship * 2.3 Middle Ages * 2.4 Renaissance * 2.5 Modern times 3 Different senses of citizenship -International citizenship -Commonwealth citizenship -European Union citizenship -Subnational citizenship Citizenship education * United Kingdom * Ireland citizenship in Bangladesh CITIZENSHIP: Citizenship laws are based upon the Bangladesh Citizenship Order dated 1972. Questions concerning persons born before March 26, 1971, should be directed to the Bangladesh Embassy. (UKC-Commonwealth Nation) BY BIRTH: Birth within the territory of Bangladesh does not automatically confer citizenship. Only persons born before March 26, 1971 would be deemed Bangladesh citizens by birth. BY DESCENT: Rules stated below apply to persons born after March 26, 1971. Child born of a Bangladesh father, regardless of the child's country of birth. Child whose grandfather was a citizen of Bangladesh, regardless of the child's country of birth. Child born of a Bangladesh mother and an unknown or stateless father, regardless of the child's country of birth. OTHER: Person who was a permanent resident of Bangladesh on March 26, 1971, is granted citizenship, unless disqualified by law at that time. BY NATURALIZATION: A person...
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...Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye), known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( Türkiye Cumhuriyeti (help·info)), is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia (mostly in the Anatolian peninsula) and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece to the west; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan (the exclave of Nakhchivan) and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. The Mediterranean Sea and Cyprus are to the south; the Aegean Sea is to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. The Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles (which together form the Turkish Straits) demarcate the boundary between East Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia.[8] Turkey is one of the six independent Turkic states. The vast majority of the population are Muslims.[9] The country's official language is Turkish, whereas Kurdish and Zazaki languages are spoken by Kurds and Zazas, who constitute 18% of the population.[10] Oghuz Turks began migrating into the area now called Turkey (derived from the Medieval Latin Turchia, i.e. "Land of the Turks") in the 11th century. The process was greatly accelerated by the Seljuk victory over the Byzantines at the Battle of Manzikert.[11] Several small beyliks and the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm ruled Anatolia until the Mongol invasion. Starting from the 13th century, the Ottoman beylik united Anatolia and created an empire encompassing much of Southeastern...
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...Spyros Michas +44 20 7070 5801 spyros.michas@fitchratings.com Greek RMBS Performance Bulletin 2008 n Summary In this performance report, Fitch Ratings present an overview of the performance of Greek RMBS transactions. To date, Fitch Ratings has provided a rating to all Greek RMBS transactions that have been issued. In 2007, the number of new issuances was half of 2006; nevertheless the issuance volume was still high due to larger transaction sizes. In February 2008, EFG Eurobank launched the fifth transaction of the Themeleion series. Overall, the outstanding size of the Greek RMBS market has grown steadily, with new transactions coming to the market and no transactions having yet redeemed. Contents Summary ..........................................1 Performance Overview......................2 Greece – Market Overview................5 Appendix 1: Comparison Charts......10 Appendix 2: Credit Cover Methodology...................................11 Appendix 3: Transaction Details......12 Issuance Volume of Greek RMBS Issuance amount (LHS) Number (RHS) (EURbn) 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 (No.) 5 4 3 2 1 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Related Research The following reports are available on www.fitchratings.com: “Around the Houses – Quarterly European RMBS Performance Update”, 25 January 2008; “Greek RMBS Rating Criteria”, 13 December 2006; “A Guide to Cash Flow Analysis for RMBS ...
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...citizens and they have the same weight in policy decisions. The republic is a form of democracy and is more complete and citizens elect a representative to choose an authorized representative for this is responsible for making decisions in a given period. In a dictatorship rulers are people who came to power by force, and it uses its strength to maintain control, usually militaries form part of military leaders during dictatorship.All these form of governments had been presented in different ancients civilizations. So, nowadays the decision in which form of governments is the best one is in government hands. Nowadays there are many governmental institutions that help to manage countries. They have been created in the earlies ages by the Greeks. Each governmental institution has their own function in order to help the governor to take decisions. Other thing taken from the ancient civilizations is the division of power . that means that the power of the country...
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...empire was able to manage well enough from the 160s until 235, when the decline became precipitous, and brought with it radical economic, cultural and religious changes. This chapter, therefore, will look at the empire in its relatively golden period, from the first century until the death of Alexander Severus, the last of the Severi, in 235. The classes This was a stratified, hierarchical society in all ways. In civic status the top of the pyramid was the emperor, followed by Roman provincial governors, senators and other officials, then by the local gentry, and next by the rank and file of Roman citizens. Of all the free men in the empire, only about a third ranked as Roman citizens. Right behind the Romans were the Hellenes (in the Greek-speaking eastern provinces the Hellenes were enrolled as such in the municipal census), then came Judaeans, and finally the other barbarians. So in Alexandria an “Egyptian” had fewer privileges than Judaeans and Hellenes, and far fewer than Romans. This hierarchy was illustrated, as we have seen in Chapter Five, by the difficulties Pliny encountered in promoting his Egyptian physician to the “Roman” rank.1 A significant change in the hierarchies occurred in 212, when the emperor Caracalla conferred Roman citizenship on all free men in the...
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