...provided: * Randomized Controlled Trials – An RCT is a study that measures interventions effect by randomly assigning a person or persons to intervene into a program environment where non-intervened groups can be observed as well. * Direct Controlled Trials – Environment factors can be directly controlled to test effectiveness of a weapon system or new technology expected to operate in the environments that are created and directly controlled. * Quasi-Experimental or Comparison Group Studies – those with compared to those without intervention. * Non-Experimental Direct Analysis – may be used to analyze why a program is so effective. More detailed descriptions of these basic assessment methodologies are provided by the author, who goes on to introduce one of the central challenges to developing strong evidence of a program’s effectiveness – VALID measurement of the outcome or impact of a program compared to VALID measurement of what outcomes would have been in the absence of the program. This probably leads to another supported white paper for modeling and simulation. This article goes on to support the RCT and the unique advantage it has to allow for the evaluation of the intervention itself, as opposed to other factors, that cause the observed outcomes. With large enough numbers in the intervention group, there can be no doubt that the observed differences are attributable to the intervention RCT. The random selection is...
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...Summative Essay Is human intervention an ideological cover for the pursuit of other objectives? We all know what genocide is. We also heard of Holocaust and its Anne Frank diary. Such inhumane killings should not repeat in the modern history due to its immorality, and that is why we saw humanitarian interventions in Rwanda and Somalia in 1990s. However, it is questionable of what was the real purpose. I believe that humanitarian cause is necessary but not an adequate condition for any act of intervention, which can be shown by case studies. In order, I will discuss the meaning of intervention and its presumed ideologies. I will also list out the possible diplomatic objectives hid behind these actions and their significance compared to the original motives. Intervention and its ideologies: Failure from core objectives Interventions are defined as a use of threats or forces upon another nation to prevent or end violations of human rights occurred within its territory, ‘without the permission of the state within whose territory force is applied’ (Holzgrefe and Keohane, 2003: 18), implying an inevitable breach of sovereignty. We also have the non-violent resolutions such as humanitarian aids and economic sanctions, but the main focus here is on intervention involving armaments. Interventions are rooted from its core ideology: to save people. It is a ‘Responsibility to Protect’ (R2P) individuals from being deprived from basic needs, including food, shelter...
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...Running head: PYRAMID Pyramid of Intervention Gregory Boston Grand Canyon University: EDA-561 April 23, 2012 Pyramid of Intervention Ideally, each scholar should be given an equivalent opportunity for education that will lend the appropriate amount of supports that is needed to reach their educational goals and to provide for their academic needs. This right references an individual’s constitutional entitlement and it is the right of each scholar. It is the basis of their right to receive the same free and appropriate instruction as their peers. When scholars are having difficulties accomplishing their academic goals and are not achieving as excepted, adequate supports are to be provided that will promote the integration of the pupil. The Pyramid of Intervention (POI) allows for a process that supports the scholars that continue to struggle to reach designated goals. Pyramid of Intervention is a term that is assigned to apply to systems of support. Such supports collectively collaboratively make available the needed supports for the student that has difficulties using traditional strategies. The mentioned supports and accommodations that may be able to generate a significant difference in the progression of educational achievements of the struggling learner. The author of this essay will attempt to elaborate on the definition and the purpose of the Pyramid of Intervention. It also elaborates on the use of the POI, and the process of creating one for a given district...
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...INTRODUCTION The topic that I have chosen is Human Process Interventions. Human Process Interventions means derive probably from the disciplines of psychology and social psychology and the applied fields of agencies dynamic and human members of the organization". Follow the theory of human system, DeSimone and Werner (2009 ,p. 498 ) outlined that " Human system- headquartered interventions are directed at bettering interpersonal, intragroup and intergroup relation". OD packages focused extra on interpersonal dynamics and social relation. The purpose of the exchange is to make the enterprise obtain the full abilities of productiveness and profitability, to be capable to remedy it does possess problems. The first journal article based on the topic is Organisation Development and Strategic Intervention for Enterprise Sustainability: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria. Author of this article is Khairuddin Idris (Ph.D). The second article is Understanding Large Group Intervention Processes: A complexity theory perspective by the author Michael J. Arena, PhD. The last article is Evaluating Group Interventions: A Framework for Diagnosing, Implementing, and Evaluating Group Interventions by the two authors Jacob de Lichtenberg and Manuel London. Based on these articles the authors mainly concern about how to help facilitators use current intervention idea and study to consultant their observe. Other than that, the significant relationship between teamwork and performance, for that reason...
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...Scripture in counseling? Scripture is the Word of God and is a fountain of wisdom. In the book of Hebrew says “the word of God is alive and active.” The most important therapeutic uses of scripture are: when personal problems arise, for example when there are feelings of guilt, anxiety, when there is suffering, trauma, stress and depression. Another therapeutic use of scriptures is in interpersonal conflicts, for example resentment family issues, marriage issues. Another important therapeutic use of the scriptures are when unfortunate events occur, for example the loss of a love one, financial problems, crisis caused by catastrophes. According to McMinn (1996) some counselors advocate using Scripture as a Therapeutic intervention for recovery groups with codependence problems, to help couples recover from sexual affairs, in child therapy using Narrative therapy and cognitive therapy using Scripture memory and meditation. In the book of Timothy, Paul says: “All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness, so that the servant of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work”. In the book of Philippians 4:8 say “Finally, brothers and sisters, whatever is true, whatever is noble, whatever is right, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is admirable if anything is excellent or praise worthy think about such things.” What are some cautions or possible negative impacts regarding the use of prayer in...
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...ABC Model of Crisis Intervention ABC Model of Crisis Intervention Introduction Every person ultimately experiences crisis moments that may differ in content but tend have specific shared characteristics. Usually, crisis entails loss, threat, as well as the unexpected. There have been various theoretical techniques provided for assisting those functioning through crisis. Generally, the most effectual techniques tend to follow a short therapeutic model which stresses the episode isolated from other problems and seeks an action plan to mitigate the crisis. The ABC model provides a useful instrument to enhance the counseling procedure. “A” stands for basic attending skills, “B” stands for the identification of problem and healing intervention, while “C” represents coping skills (Grice, 2010). This paper employs the ABC model to attend, indentify, intervene and assist in coping in Jones crisis. ABC Model of Crisis Intervention The case study involve a report from Mr. John who claims that his neighbor who they have been sharing coffee and chats has stayed for about two months without being seen outside the house. According to Mr. John, his neighbor Mr. Jones failed to turn up for their usual morning coffee in the neighboring restaurant, since his son started coming on daily basis to check on him. The last time when Mr. John saw him, Mr. Jones had bruise on his face and Mr. John feels that something is amiss. With this regard he decided to report the matter to crisis workers...
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...needs to be represented by a single person or multiple people everyone must communicate through the means of interventions, so that we can identify were mistakes are made and break downs in workflow occur. The three interventions identified are team design, training strategies, and leadership. Team design is important because of the individuals during nurses b’s teamwork mentioned on how they did not want to do specifics “we won’t do that again”. If people are not wanting to do specific things then other people on her team need to be cross trained. This is where training strategies falls into place to where each staff member can do different jobs. Components of team training that have the most effects on teamwork are cross-training, team coordination, and adaptation training (Salas, 2007). Nurse b explains on running around trying to get different things done to satisfy doctor’s needs. In all cases cross-training has helped out in healthcare clinics across the globe. Team cross-training is used to improve knowledge to adapt quickly in issues that arise in healthcare settings (Strang, 2012). It seems nurse b wants some structure within her team. This is where leadership as an intervention falls into place. Leadership must come up with a structure to make their team run smoothly. Teams have become dependent on components on organizational structure like interventions in hopes of facilitating performance gains of their teams (Shuffler, 2011). If nurse b had organizational...
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...an emergency and harm may happen. If the thought of immediate harm is going to happen there are immediate services provided. The population severed is people who need counseling in different areas. The counseling is geared towards women who are victims of domestic violence. This is where a woman can receive counseling to remove themselves from the abuse and have shelter for themselves and their children. It is not limited to just women. There are programs for men and teens to receive the help they need. Other services that are available are; clinical services which are marital or family counseling, anger management support groups, parenting classes, crisis intervention such as 24 hour sexual assault hot line, child abuse intervention grief counseling following a homicide, support groups for teens and also post –traumatic stress debriefing for groups affected by violence. Another service that is provided is economic independence. This service provides people with tools to budget money or money management education. This service helps people learned how to have economic independency. There are also services provided for people who need help prevent the possibility for foreclosure There is no referral process in place but in some situations there can be...
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...The intervention session will take place at an acute inpatient rehabilitation hospital – BESTRehab. The supplies needed includes an adjustable table, chair, washcloth, a variety of bathing items (shampoo, conditioner, loofah, and a towel), a video made by the occupational therapist or found online of an individual pushing a washcloth across a table, a device such as a computer to play the video, and an educational handout. The client will first be educated on what neuroplasticity is, followed by how engaging in action-observation training will further enhance the neuroplasticity of the brain. The client will also be informed on the importance of watching their hand when they are moving, because by doing this it will further increase the client’s...
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...Group Inhibition of the Bystander Intervention in Emergencies Social psychologists, Latane and Darley (1968), performed a certain study to find out why people may resist giving help or why people fail to assist themselves or others in the presence of an emergency. They figure maybe there are factors that contribute to this problem and for that reason they formed an experiment. Before getting into their experiment, they considered a tragic event that took place in 1964, in New York City. A female named Kitty Genovese was walking down the street in her neighborhood, and a man walking towards her with a knife began to stab her. Kitty screamed for help and no one responded the first time. The second time she repeated screaming for help only one male responded. At this point the police dept. was still not notified. Kitty had been stabbed multiple times before someone finally decided to dial 911. There were a total of 38 bystanders/eyewitnesses that did not take action as said by the police investigative team. This raised a major question to everyone. Why would no one be of help in this type of emergency? Latane and Darley (1968) used this case as a background to their own experiment. Their main question of course, was simply why are there “bystanders”? In our minds we most likely think that the more eyewitnesses there are in a state of emergency someone will definitely dial 911 or reach out for some type of help. But that is not the case according to Latane and Darley. They...
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...focus of treatment. Indications to intervene 1. The intervention has the potential to increase the child’s comfort level (or decrease their discomfort). 2. The purpose of intervening can be clearly identified. 3. Reduction of parental anxiety could arise from the intervention. 4. Any harm that might result from intervening (e.g. increased discomfort or risk of liver damage) has been balanced against the expected benefits. 5. Symptoms associated with fever which may respond to nursing intervention include: • Flushing of the skin • Skin feels warm to touch • Thirst • Sweating • Headache • Weakness and aching of body parts • Irritability or restlessness • Dehydration associated with vomiting and or diarrhoea 6. In the case of high temperatures disorientation and convulsions may also be observed PROCEDURE To enable the effectiveness of interventions to be assessed, a baseline temperature should be taken before implementing any care. 1. Assess the need to intervene Interventions should be directed toward reducing the child’s discomfort, not the fever. Interventions should always be assessed in terms of potential risks. 2. In the first instance: • • • Remove excess clothing or wrappings. Light clothing an bedding is preferred Ensure air can circulate around the child. Do not use fans or direct air conditioner on to the child. Encourage fluids - 1/24 during the day If the child shivers, cover until shivering ceases These interventions support the body’s physiological response to infection...
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...This is a guide and not a complete list. Always follow policies in place at your facility. Medicare Documentation • Must reflect need/reason for skilled care • Must reflect Standard of Care • Describe intervention(s) • Describe resident’s response to intervention(s) • Daily evaluation of progress or lack of progress • Resident response to skilled therapy • ADL function • Changes in condition • Change Care Plan ASAP after change in condition • Notification to MD and family Respiratory/Pneumonia Medicare Documentation • Must reflect need/reason for skilled care • Daily vital signs • Daily and PRN O2 sat level • Daily and PRN lung sounds • SOB with exertion, when sitting at rest or when lying flat • Resident’s response to interventions and skilled therapy • Progress or lack of progress • Change in condition • Change Care Plan ASAP after condition change • Notification to MD and family Bladder and Bowel • Indicate status: always continent, occasionally incontinent, frequent- ly incontinent, always incontinent • Indicate if has catheter (indwell- ing or condom, intermittent), uri- nary ostomy, or no urine output • Toileting program in progress or attempted and outcome • Constipation? Which interventions used, and results? Anticoagulant Therapy Medicare Documentation • Must reflect need/reason for skilled care • Daily vital signs • Monitor for bleeding, bruises • Monitor lab values: Be sure PT/INR...
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...Question 1:- Interventions can impact which of the following dimensions? | | | | a) organizational issues | | b) organizational levels | | c) organizational environments | | d) A and B | | Question 2:- People resist change because: | | | | a) they can’t see the benefits | | b) they don’t see the need | | c) they don’t expect success | | d) all of the above | | Question 3:- Which of the following is not considered a strategy for dealing with resistance to change? | | | | a) make change information available and salient | | b) include members directly in planning and implementing change | | c) practice active listening | | d) avoid conflict | | Question 4:- The vision process involves: | | | | a) describing the organization’s core ideology | | b) looking at desired performance and human outcomes | | c) a vivid description of the future state | | d) all of the above | | Question 5:- The organization’s identity can best be described as _________________. | | | | a) its core values...
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...The Problem In 2006 it became apparent that Mountain Valley Middle School students were not achieving at an adequate level in Literacy. The school joined the Western Maine Literacy Initiative and set the goal to develop and teach research-based strategies intended to help the students navigate non-fiction text in all classes. The 2007 and 2008 Maine Educational Assessment (MEA) results showed steady growth in the area of literacy. When the results were released in 2009 only 4% of eighth grade students did not meet literacy standards with 81% meeting and an unprecedented 18% exceeding the standards. The data from the 2009 NECAP showed only 42% of Mountain Valley Middle School students were achieving at the proficient benchmark in math. The NECAP data also indicated students were not adequately responding to constructed response questions. It was decided for the 2010-11 school year that dedicated research and implementation of strategies and instructional methods would be put into place to drive toward better instruction in mathematics. Students would also be taught tools to better navigate short answer and constructed response questions. The RTI initiative was viewed as a good place to start making pedagogical changes to the school environment to make the necessary changes that would allow students to be more successful in their learning endeavors. School Profile Mountain Valley Middle School (MVMS) is located in the town of Mexico, Maine. It is part of the Region School...
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...Response to Intervention (RTI) is a multi-tier approach to the early identification and support of students with learning and behavior needs. The RTI process begins with high-quality instruction and universal screening of all children in the general education classroom. Struggling learners are provided with interventions at increasing levels of intensity to accelerate their rate of learning. These services may be provided by a variety of personnel, including general education teachers, special educators, and specialists. Progress is closely monitored to assess both the learning rate and level of performance of individual students. Educational decisions about the intensity and duration of interventions are based on individual student response to instruction. RTI is designed for use when making decisions in both general education and special education, creating a well-integrated system of instruction and intervention guided by child outcome data. For RTI implementation to work well, the following essential components must be implemented with fidelity and in a rigorous manner: High-quality, scientifically based classroom instruction. All students receive high-quality, research-based instruction in the general education classroom. Ongoing student assessment. Universal screening and progress monitoring provide information about a student’s learning rate and level of achievement, both individually and in comparison with the peer group. These data are then used when determining...
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