...America is grown with artificial growth hormones (Hanrahan, 2000)? Were you aware that these growth hormones can potentially cause cancer and pose significant health risks to individuals who consume this meat? In today's food industry it is crucial to be a keen consumer and have knowledge of where you food comes from and what it actually contains. The regulations and standards put into effect by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in regards to cattle production and what is deemed to be safe have created an up heave of controversy. Consumers and researchers constantly pose the question of what should be considered safe and who should not. They often argue that when it comes to human health no risks should be taken and risk assessment should not be considered. The following essay discusses the controversy of beef cattle production regulation and standards. The essay will analyze various studies conducted that state a possible link between cancer and growth hormone used in beef, and it will outline all view points of the European ban of American and Canadian beef. The issues and controversy surrounding feedlot given to beef cattle will be analyzed and consumer concerns as well as regulations surrounding labeling of beef in America, Canada and Europe will be discussed. ARGUMENT The use of growth hormones has become widely prominent in the beef production industry. Estradiol benzoate and progesterone, which are types of growth hormone, were first approved in 1956 by the...
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...On the off chance that you aren't sure what HGH is, it's human growth hormone, a normally happening hormone in the human body. We require this hormone to develop and recover bone, muscle, organ and all connective tissue as kids and as we develop into adulthood. This hormone is available for us to empower growth and everything that accompanies it. In youthfulness, the emission of human growth hormone is at a pinnacle. This is the time of the most quick growth of our bodies. As grown-ups, HGH production diminishes through our 20s and afterward keeps on diminishing as we age. When we achieve 40 years old, we are producing less than half of what we were delivering at 20 years of age! The decreased production of hormones is normal. In any case,...
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...Stunting Facts on Human Growth Hormone * Human growth hormone is commonly referred to as HGH. It is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland to help the body grow and develop into adulthood. It is partly responsible for regulating metabolism. This hormone helps to improve bone density, muscle mass, and essentially help us grow. As we age, the production of this hormone decreases (*Crenshaw, 2011). . * HGH has been proven to help with the effects of Osteoporosis. It increases bone production, therefore increasing bone mass. This hormone seems to reverse the effects of aging by decreasing weight gain from hormone imbalance, increasing bone mass, and increasing the capacity of the lungs for exercise. HGH increases sharpness of the brain as well as energy intensity (*Bond, 2011). * Women and men experience many adverse side effects from taking HGH supplements. Women can suffer from stroke, heart disease, blood clots, manly attributes, leukemia, and even acne (*Crenshaw, 2011). * There are several human growth hormone supplements offered directly to consumers. Some of these products are approved by the FDA while others are not. The claims on the products are what sell them, whether they are approved or not. Three of the top rated supplements are Secratatropin HGH, Avatropin, and Humovox. Secratatropin HGH sells for a retail price of $139.95 and claims to increase HGH production without having any side-effects. Avatropin retails at $99.99 and claims to promote HGH...
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...Bovine Growth Hormone Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone or BGH is a drug manufactured by the Monsanto Company. This drug was produced to increase milk production in cows. The FDA approved BGH in 1993 for use in dairy farming, the usage of BGH began in 1994. After the first batch of milking it was seen that cows began to die (Wade, 1). The BGH was forcing the dairy cows to create milk faster then they could eat. This was causing their milk producing glands to extract calcium from the bones of the cows. This caused the cows to become weakened and fall down. It is also noticed that an increased occurrence of mastitis, which is an infection of the cows utters. (Wade, 1) The infection is cured by a regime of antibiotics, which make it into our milk. It is also seen that there is no legitimate use to BGH. In the United States there is a surplus of dairy products, meaning that with the use of BGH small farmers will be run out of business by the factory farms. They can produce larger quantities of milk and be able to sell them at lower prices. The production of the Bovine Growth Hormone in order to help the dairy industry has become a controversial issue since its usage approval. In today’s world being a socially responsible company is not only a trending fad but also it is almost a requirement by the consumers. Many companies have labels stating things like “dolphin free” or “BGH free.” The merchandisers use these labels to increase their sales with the socially responsible consumers...
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...everyday survival. The overall role of the hypothalamus is to collect and fuse together a variety of information from the body and to organize responses that maintain homeostasis, meaning to keep the human body in a stable yet constant condition. Carrying out this single overriding task requires coordinating the activity of the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system, ultimately influencing several important behaviors (Culberson). The hypothalamus responds to a variety of signals from the internal and external environment including body temperature, hunger, feelings of being filled up after eating, blood pressure and levels of hormones in the circulation. It also responds to stress and controls in our daily bodily rhythms such as the night-time secretion of melatonin from the pineal gland and the changes in cortisol, the stress hormone, and body temperature over a 24-hour period. The hypothalamus collects and combines this information and puts changes in place to correct any imbalances...
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...Human Growth Hormone (hGH) has been hailed as the fountain of youth that can reverse the effects of ageing. The anti-ageing value of hGH is, however both applauded and challenged by the medical industry. This essay will discuss the 3000 year old history and the newly emerging modern anti-ageing industry. Along with clinical trials, which study the effects caused by Human Growth Hormone and Growth Hormone Releasers (GHR) are mentioned, the hGH marketing campaign will throw some light on the benefits of hGH and GHR’s. Issues such as health and ageing will also be explored. It will be argued that the benefits of GHR’s need to be counterbalanced against a healthy lifestyle to determine its value. Anti-ageing obsession has a 3000 year old history and remains one of the largest in the world. From the Egyptians who had their bodies mummified, snake oil salesmen promoting potions and invasive procedures such as human testis transplants, grafted ovaries and injections of sex glands that professed to slow, reverse and extend the human life span. Later, more sophisticated modern day anti-ageing products that promote scientific discovery as a basis for their effectiveness such as, intestinal purification, oxygen therapy, mineral and ozonised waters and filters, vitamins and health supplements and human growth hormone and growth hormone releasers. With the emergence of modern day anti-ageing medicine claims of longevity and vitality by slowing, stopping or reversing human ageing appeals...
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...Thesis statement: There are few causes that is undergone family problems, huge amount of debts, cope with a live of stress and face a lot of pain during training and few effects that lead in to problems in body function and mental effects. II. The causes of why athletes dope in sports. A. Family problems B. Huge amount of debts C. Live of stress D. A lot of pain in training III. The effect in the body function of a person when a person dope in sport. A. The uses of steroid in sports 1. The diseases when dope in sports 2. The body function of a person B. The uses of stimulants in sports 1. The type of drugs and the problems C. The uses of peptide hormones 1. Type of peptide hormone and the effects of the substances IV. The effect in the mental problems A. The type of disease that effect the mental problems V. Conclusions The Causes and Effects of Doping in Sport Doping in sport is means the use of drug to increase the performance of an athletic above average in an athletic competition. It has been a well and long documented of the use of drugs in sport. The history started using drugs occur since the time of the original Olympic Games (from 776 to 393 BC). The word ‘doping’ come from the Dutch word ‘doop’, that is a viscous opium juice, the drug of choice of the ancient Greeks. (Bowers, 1998). In 100 AD, chariot racers feed their horses with these substances...
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...Prader Willi Syndrome “Prader-Willi syndrome is a rare disorder present at birth that results in a number of physical, mental and behavioral problems. A key feature of Prader-Willi (prah-dur VIL-ee) syndrome is a constant sense of hunger that usually begins after the first year of life. People with Prader-Willi syndrome want to eat constantly and usually have trouble controlling their weight. Many complications of Prader-Willi syndrome are due to obesity. If your child has Prader-Willi syndrome, a team of specialists can work with you to manage your child's symptoms and reduce the risk of developing complications.” (Mayo Clinic Staff, 01 May 2013, page 1). “Prader-Willi syndrome is caused by a gene missing on part of chromosome 15. Normally, your parents each pass down a copy of this chromosome. Most patients with Prader-Willi syndrome are missing the genetic material on part of the father's chromosome. The rest of patients with this condition often have two copies of the mother's chromosome 15. The genetic changes occur randomly. Patients usually do not have a family history of the condition.” (Cooke DW, Divall SA, Radovick S, 07 May 2012, para. 2) “Metabolism is a term that is used to describe all chemical reactions involved in maintaining the living state of the cells and the organism. Metabolism can be conveniently divided into two categories: * Catabolism - the breakdown of molecules to obtain energy * Anabolism - the synthesis of all compounds needed by the...
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...*Pituitary gland is a small reddish-grey oval endocrine gland located within a depression in the sphenoid bone called sella turcica which is attached to hypothalamus by an infundibular stalk. *Pituitary gland has been described as the Master of the endocrine orchestra or Leader of endocrine orchestra because it regulates function of other endocrine glands. *It is also known as hypophysis and its function is under the control of the hypothalamus. *Pituitary gland forms an important link between the nervous and endocrine systems. It secretes many hormones which influence growth, sexual development, metabolism as well as reproduction....
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...Hormones and Behaviors Tiffany Stevens April 17, 2015 BEH/225 Krystyn A. Lassiter Hormones and Behaviors The endocrine system is made up of glands that release hormones into the blood stream. There are several types of hormones released by these various glands in the body, each doing a different job. Hormones are similar to neurotransmitters. Transmitters of Couse are responsible for moving information to the cells in the body. These communications cause cells in the body to become active. Hormones affect everything from puberty to jet lag even personality. Hormones can even have an effect on mood and behavior. An example of this would be oxytocin. Oxytocin is a hormone produced and released by the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland is often referred to as the master gland because it affects other glands in the endocrine system. Oxytocin is a hormone mostly responsible for its effects on mood and causing happiness. The more oxytocin produced in the body, the happier an individual will feel. A lack of production of oxytocin in the system may cause an individual to feel moods such as sadness or depression. The pituitary gland is also responsible for growth in humans by producing growth hormones. Another hormone responsible for behavior in people is the hormone melatonin. Melatonin controls sleep behaviors in individuals. The pineal gland produces melatonin. Depending on the changes in light the pineal gland will produce the appropriate levels of melatonin. The production...
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...Benefits of Genetic Engineering in Agriculture The production of technologies based on genetic engineering is often referred as modern biotechnology. With the improvement of genetic engineering techniques, the time for generating and evaluating new germplasm (a collection of genetic resources for an organism) can be drastically reduced. Genetic engineering may ultimately have their most significant effect on agriculture. Recent advances have raised possibility of development of new plant germplasm through introduction of any gene from any organism into plant. With respect to agriculture, modern biotechnology has been considered as the second phase of green revolution. Organisms whose genes have been altered by manipulation are called genetically modified organism (GMO). The working of GMO is due to nature of transferred genes, nature of host organism and food web formed. Some useful benefits of genetically modified plants in agricultural biotechnology are: 1. Improved nutritional quality 2. Better Nitrogen Fixation 3. Disease resistant Plant 4. Enhanced efficiency of minerals used by plants to prevent early exhaustion of fertility of soil. 5. Reduced post harvest losses The first genetically modified food was Flavr Savr Tomato which was resistant to rotting. Another genetically modified food is golden rice (Pro Vitamin A enriched). Several other genetically modified foods include, soybeans, corn, cotton, seed oil etc have been formed. But many controversies...
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...abnormally large growth during childhood caused by excess growth hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. Growth hormones regulate various body functions in adults by operating through feedback loops. Growth hormone in adults regulates lipids (fats), protein, and carbohydrate homeostasis. Molecules are released during this process that regulates the endocrine. The feedback loops help keep the hormone concentration normal. (Human Growth Foundation, 2013) Think of the function of the endocrine system as a thermostat regulating room temperature. In adulthood, the excess secretion of the growth hormone (GH) is known as acromegaly. This occurs when bones increase in size. Normal the bones are in the feet, hands, and face. It is caused by the overproduction of the growth hormone by the pituitary gland. A tumor most often is the cause of the overproduction of GH. There are two different tumors. One is a pituitary tumor and the other is a nonpituitary tumor. A pituitary tumor hides the excessive amounts of growth hormones, which produce signs of acromegaly. Nonpituitary tumors are found in other parts of the body. The tumors can produce growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GH-RH0), which forces more GH to be made by the pituitary. (Mayo Clinic, 2013) The relationship between growth hormone and insulin in gigantism is associated with an abnormal high linear growth due to excessive action of insulin-like factor-I (IGF-I) during childhood when the growth plates are...
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...in the pituitary gland when too much of the growth hormone is produced. The pituitary glad is located in the bran and is the source of several hormones. Growth hormone is important in growth and regeneration of bones and other tissues by stimulating the liver to produce the hormone insulin – like growth factor. A tumor in adults is the most common cause of the excess growth hormone. Tumors can either be pituitary tumors or non-pituitary tumors. In most cases of acromegaly a beginning of noncancerous tumor of the pituitary gland is the main cause. The tumors can press on near by tissues as they grow and the pressure can cause some acromegaly symptoms such as headaches, impaired vision in addition to producing an excess amount of the growth hormone. In some cases acromegaly is caused by benign of cancerous tumors in other parts of the body, lungs, pancreas or adrenal glands. The tumors may actually secrete growth hormone. In other cases the tumors produce a growth hormone releasing hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to make more growth hormone. Acromegaly is relatively a rare disorder that occurs in about 6 out of every 100,000 people. Gigantism is even more rare and the onset occurs usually at puberty. Acromegaly can be treated with surgery, medications and radiation. The care plan depends on age, size and location of tumor and other medical conditions you may have. The goal of therapy is to return your growth hormone. THF-I levels as close to normal as possible...
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...HUMAN GROWTH Sean Evans SCIE206-1101A-07: Biology Vimlarani Chopra March 6, 2011 1) Growth hormones control our linear growth; also control’s our metabolism for foods. GH stimulates the immune system & Growth hormones are used in adults to treat growth failure and to treat weight loss[->0]. Growth hormones are produced by the pituitary gland. Excess secretion is stimulated by anorexia nervosa, stress, hypoglycemia, and exercise. 2) The relationship between Growth Hormones and insulin is that GH stimulates the growth of the long bones through the action of somatomedins, which are insulin growth like growth factor made in the liver. There are no complications involving GH and insulin so far. General Facts l About 3 people in 1 million have pituitary gigantism l 100 cases to date in United States l 2 – 3 times higher mortality rate in comparison to general population l No racial predilection l Males and females affected equally l Not a genetic disorder 3) From the research I did it’s dwarfism that’s more difficult to treat than, for reason being in dwarfism exact diagnosis, was more...
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...Trade in Hormone-Treated Beef Back in the 1970s, scientists discovered how to synthesize certain hormones and use them to accelerate the growth rate of livestock animals, reduce the fat content of meat, and increase milk production. Bovine somatotropin (BST), a growth hormone produced by cattle, was first synthesized by the biotechnology firm Genentech. Injections of BST could be used to supplement an animal’s own hormone production and increase its growth rate. These hormones soon became popular among farmers, who found that they could cut costs and help satisfy consumer demands for leaner meat. Although these hormones occurred naturally in animals, consumer groups in several countries soon raised concerns about the practice. They argued that the use of hormone supplements was unnatural and that the health consequences of consuming hormone-treated meat were unknown but might include hormonal irregularities and cancer. The European Union responded to these concerns in 1989 by banning the use of growthpromoting hormones in the production of livestock and the importation of hormone-treated meat. The ban was controversial because a reasonable consensus existed among scientists that the hormones posed no health risk. Although the EU banned hormone-treated meat, many other countries did not, including big meat-producing countries such as Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States. The use of hormones soon became widespread in these countries. According to...
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