...Microsoft employees Gabe Newell and Mike Harrington, Valve developed critically acclaimed video game series Half-Life, Counter-Strike, Portal, Left 4 Dead, Dota 2, and Team Fortress 2. It also developed and maintains the Source engine on which most of its games run, and the software distribution platform Steam, which has led to the Steam Machine, a line of pre-built gaming computers running SteamOS. History: Founding and incorporation Valve was founded by longtime Microsoft employees Gabe Newell and Mike Harrington on August 24, 1996, as Valve Software LLC based in Kirkland, Washington on the Seattle Eastside. After incorporation in April 2003, it moved from its original location to Bellevue, Washington, the same city in which their original publisher, Sierra On-Line, Inc., was based. Half-Life After securing a license to the Quake engine in late 1996, Newell and Harrington began working on Half-Life. Originally planned for release in late 1997, Half-Life launched on November 19, 1998. Valve acquired TF Software PTY Ltd, the makers of the Team Fortress mod for Quake, in May 1998 with the intent to create a standalone Team Fortress game. Source Game Engine After the success of Half-Life, the team worked on mods, spin-offs, and sequels, including Half-Life 2. All current Valve games are built on its Source engine. The company has developed six game series: Half-Life, Team Fortress, Portal, Counter-Strike, Left 4 Dead and Day of Defeat. Valve is noted for its support...
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...number of each colored cube to be reduced by half? These are your half-life readings One-side color: 8 throws Two-side color: 5 throws Three-side color: 3 throws 2. The half-life of a decaying substance is measured in units of time. What is the unit of half-life used in this simulation? Remaining per throw 3. In each case, how many rolls did it take to remove all the cubes? One-side color: 24 throws Two side color: 19 throws Three-side color: 17 throws 4. In which of these hypothetical substance would be the most radioactive? The substance that will decay much faster is the third substance represented by black on the three sides of the cube. According to my tabulation, the curve for the third substance appeared much steeper and at the seventeen throw no cubes were remaining. 5. How might you simulate the radioactive decay of a substance that decays into second substance that also decays? First, the substance always decays because the initial stage is not stable. Lack of stability forces the substance to decay into a second substance with a loss of either an electron, energy or a proton. If the second substance is not stable, it will disintegrate into the third substance. This process might continue until the substance gain stability. 6. Is it possible to estimate the half-life of a substance in a single throw? How accurate might this estimate be? Yes, this is because the first throw might reduce the number of cubes by half especially if the substance being simulated...
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...equals the level of 14C in the atmosphere at that time. However, it decreases thereafter from radioactive decay, allowing the date of death or fixation to be estimated. The initial 14C level for the calculation can either be estimated, or directly compared with known year-by-year data from tree-ring data (dendochronology) for up to 10,000 years ago, or from cave deposits of up to about 45,000 years of age. A direct comparison with tree ring or cave-deposit carbon-14 levels, gives the wood or animal sample age-from-formation. As soon as a living organism dies, it stops taking in new carbon.Thecarbon-14 at the moment of death is the same as every other living thing, but the carbon-14 decays and is not replaced. The carbon-14 decays with its half-life of 5,700 years, while the amount of carbon-12 remains constant in the sample. By looking at the ratio of carbon-12 to carbon-14 in the sample and comparing it to the ratio in a living organism, it is possible to determine the age of a formerly living thing fairly...
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...RADIOACTIVE DECAY: A SWEET SIMULATION OF HALF-LIFE Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to understand the concept of half-life, and use the scientific method (Observing and recording data).\ Introduction: Isotopes of elements have unstable nuclei; as a result, some of the particles within the nucleus are lost or emitted. This is known as nuclear decay. The amount of time for half of the sample of a radioisotope to decay is known as half-life. Radioactive decay is random process that simulates a first order rate process. The only "constant" in such a process is the time it takes for the activity to drop from any value to one-half that value. Materials: -Small pieces of candy marked on one side -Plastic/paper cup - Paper towel -Classmates Procedure: 1. Count your nuclei (candy). Write that number in the data table under the heading ‘’Number of Radioactive Nuclei.’’ In the column marked ‘’Prediction for Next Toss’’ write the number of radioactive nuclei you think you will have with your next toss. (Radioactive nuclei will be those candies with the marked side down.) 2. Place your ‘nuclei’ in a paper cup, cover and shake the cup. Pour the ‘nuclei’ onto the paper towel. Separate the ‘nuclei’ into two piles, one with the marked side up and the other with the marked side down. Count the number of ‘nuclei’ in each pile. On your data table, record the number of ‘radioactive nuclei’ candies with the marked side down. Predict how many radioactive ‘nuclei’...
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...star of European soccer fields scoring in the final of the UEFA Champions League, every men “normally” constituted has dreamed at least once to be in that situation, and video games can procure that kind of excitement. This is the reason why I choose to make my final e-business assignment on video games. Concerning my choice for the company, for me it was obvious to choose Steam. In my point of view, they have been the precursor of many things in e-business, or at least they were one of the first that used “e-novations”. Through the years, they have succeeded in being one of the most important company in this sector. Many factors have to be pointed out. First, the fact that they have created one of the best games ever made which is Half-Life. It allows them to have a world-wide recognition. Secondly, the Valve platforms, with its large numbre of games available, the exchange of data and information between players and users, have made them the first online retailer for video games. But Steam is not only benefic for players and users. It is also a way for small companies, small producers and developers to launch their game. The process is simple, quick, and less expensive than other distribution channel. In effect, they don’t have to produced CDs, they don’t have the transportation costs to pay, they don’t have the same taxes and they enjoy the Steam’s recognition being on...
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...Games can be very powerful. Spacewar, Counter Strike, and the News Games are examples of three influential games that had powerful and lasting historical impacts. These three games subverted traditional game concepts, representations, or mechanics. Although some people may view video games purely as a casual source of fun and entertainment, a deeper examination of their messages can reveal what different games tell us about our culture, giving us a better understanding of why games are created and sometimes even insights into having a better experience playing those games. In this essay I will analyze three games from the readings and discuss how those games’ movements subverted mainstream culture through their concepts and representation. Spacewar subverted mainstream culture by providing the gamer, for the first time, with visual engagement. Steward Brand wrote a great article on Spacewar. This article takes takes readers back to a time when games were still not popular. I thoroughly enjoyed this reading because it gave me so many great historical facts about Spacewar. He began his article with the declaration, “Ready or not, computers are coming to the people.” This sentence set off a great tone for the article. I was intrigued because I have always wondered about how people in the past lived their lives without access to computers. Nowadays, we use computers for several purposes such as sending emails, surfing webs, and creating beautiful visual works. It was amazing...
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...society today video games are huge industry. According to the Technology, Entertainment, Design website TED.com more than half a billion people play video games at least an hour a day. Some people agree that video games make kids violent, but there is evidence that they do not. The ways that video games are played cause people to get to know new people and to be happier in certain situations. There are some people with video games to affect them negatively but the majority of players are not violent because of video games. Video games do not make kids violent because they are completely fantasy; they are used as a relaxation tool and also for fun and competition. For thousands of years people have always liked at fantasy to escape from real life. Fantasy had been in different forms like art books movies and other medians as technology improved video games have now become a part of fantasy in people lives. Other forms of fantasy such as movies, and books had violence in them and have not caused people to be violent. Why world video games make people violent? People were always able to recognize that fantasy was not real neither the violence therefore they should be able to make the same distinction with video games. For video gamers games are another world. They are escaping from real life and coming into a place where you can do anything you can't do in real life. Even with so many wonderful thing a gasket can do and how much time you spend you still realized that it is not real...
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...Billy Joe Half a Life Human relations 1. In my opinion of why the book is named half a life is because half Darin’s life ago the event with the car crash happened. In the book close to the end when he is presently weighting the book he says that the event happen half a life ago. He sounds like that at the end he is starting to heal mentally. So half of his life was spent in a mental punishment and torment. Half his life is over now and he is better. He has a wife and a kid, he has a good job, and his life is improving. The pain he had to go though was probably tuff, and I am glad I do not have to go through that myself. A weak willed person would have not been able to make it through this tuff challenge in life. A weak willed person might have died as well as the victim of the accident. Darin had to be a strong willed man to be able to make it through this tuff trial in this life, but he made it through and has a lot to show for it. Billy Joe Half a Life Human relations 2. I think that he calls his emotional reactions plagiarized because he was doing what he thought anyone would do in the situation. He pulled over and parked the car and he got out to see if she was ok and to get help. Strauss thought that he should act a certain way when the help were trying to save her. He felt like that is was not actually happing to him like it was someone else’s story. When his dad showed up that’s when he realized that it was happing in his life. At first he was...
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...Rivalry in Video Game Industry Introduction The video games industry faces an entirely new rivalry situation. After 11 years of leadership, Sony has nearly lost its strong positions on the market, which gives the other two players – Microsoft and Nintendo - the chance to compete for the leadership. While the goal of Nintendo is to stay in the industry, Sony and Microsoft aim to strengthen their positions on the home entertainment market, which is constantly growing. The key factors, the companies need to consider in order to gain a competitive advantage, are good marketing and well developed distribution, as well as providing a huge range of games with recognizable characters. As the market segmentation increases, it is of crucial importance to put an emphasis upon the new target groups and reqruit as many new players as possible. However, there are also a lot of factors outside and inside the industry, which play a major role and have to be considered in order to become a better idea of the state of the industry, and to estimate its profitability and tendency of growing. Summary of macro-environmental analysis Stricter legislation both advantageous and disadvantageous for the video games industry is expected. As governments become more concerned about the increasing violence among teenagers the control of video games content is strengthened. On the other hand the laws against piracy aim to reduce the number of the illegaly copied games. With the rise of the...
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...PHIL 447 Week 1 short paper Nov 01, 2012 The article that I read was written by authors Craig Belanger and Geraldine Wagner, and the title of the article is "Video Games: An Overview”. In this article I learned about the general analysis of the video game business and the growth acceptance. It tracks down the roots of video gaming along with the depiction of improvements in the industry of gaming and computer information science, which significantly aided in the development approval of the gaming industry. However, along with the improvements of the video game industry came the negative effects such as violence, behavioral problems, and addiction in children and adults; causing a huge impact in our society. According to the authors of the article, there are a big controversy surrounding the game world; associating violence and behavioral problems with video game usage. There have been many studies showing the positive association between games and violence. Video games that feature violent actions may lead addictive players to be insensitive to violence; therefore, initiating actions such as aggressive thoughts and aggressive behaviors. However, the game industry also directed its own studies; showing that video games do not have a positive relationship between violence and aggression. Another issue cited by the authors is the addiction caused by video games. This problem has even forced United States and other countries to open health clinics that are able to help and support...
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...Introduction Adolescent at this age, people needs to learn and experience things that are part of growing up for them to be knowledgeable and ready to face the next step of life. Playing games is one of the most common thing that people at this age engage to and DOTA (Defense of the Ancient) is one of the most famous for most of the boys and even girls. DOTA is an online game, also played into a computer Defense of the Ancients (DOTA) is a multiplayer online battle arena mod for the video game Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos and its expansion, Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne, based on the "Aeon of Strife" map for StarCraft. The objective of the scenario is for each team to destroy the opponents' Ancient, heavily guarded structures at opposing corners of the map. Players use powerful units known as heroes, and are assisted by allied heroes and AI-controlled fighters. As in role-playing games, players level up their heroes and use gold to buy equipment during the mission. The scenario was developed with the "World Editor" of Reign of Chaos, and was updated upon the release of its expansion, The Frozen Throne. There have been many variations of the original concept; the most popular being DOTA Allstars, which eventually was simplified to DOTA with the release of version 6.68. This specific scenario has been maintained by several authors during development, the latest of whom being the anonymous developer known as "Ice Frog" developing the game since 2005. Since its original release...
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...GameStop, Fiscal Year 2010 The main sections of the GameStop’s annual report are the Business, Risk Factors, and Properties. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related, Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities is a main section of the annual report as well. Selected Financial data is also another main section of the annual report. The business section describes the company which is GameStop. GameStop is the world's largest multichannel retailer of video game products and PC entertainment software. We sell new and used video game hardware, video game software and accessories, as well as PC entertainment software and other merchandise. The Risk Factors section tells the stockholders the high degree of risk there is when investing in GameStop. Below are a few risk factors for GameStop Stockholders: • We depend upon our key personnel and they would be difficult to replace. • We depend upon the timely delivery of products. • We depend upon third parties to develop products and software. • Our ability to obtain favorable terms from our suppliers may impact our financial results. • If our vendors fail to provide marketing and merchandising support at historical levels, our sales and earnings could be negatively impacted. • The electronic game industry is cyclical, which could cause significant fluctuation in our earnings. • Pressure from our competitors may force us to reduce our prices or increase spending, which could decrease our profitability...
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...Paradigm Shift Christopher Kutz NT1110 This paper will discuss how video games and how it has effected people. We will also discuss if video games create jobs for people and how it affects the economy. Also what might prevent them from advancing? And what might make it obsolete? Video games have become a part of every day. People use the daily for entertainment from Phones, video arcades and gaming consoles. The purpose of video games is for entertainment or to just pass time while waiting in line for your daily coffee or in-between classes. Video games have become increasingly better more and more popular with better graphics story lines and the online capability to lay with random people across the world. Kids these days spend more time playing video games than they do outside with friends like when I was a kid. On the upside with online playing kids and adults are learning to be better communicators and pick up on other traits as well like confidence, and teamwork. Some games make you use your head and strategize to achieve a certain task. Video games have good and bad effects on people I guess it just depends which side of the fence you choose to be on. Video games have created many jobs for people like programmers, game testers, story writers and the graphic design team responsible for making it seem as real as possible. They have also created jobs in other fields like the game exchange businesses all over the world. The video game...
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...Defense of the Ancients (DotA) is an action real-time strategy mod for the video game Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos and its expansion, Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne, based on the "Aeon of Strife" map for StarCraft. The objective of the scenario is for each team to destroy the opponents' Ancients, heavily guarded structures at opposing corners of the map. Players use powerful units known as heroes, and are assisted by allied heroes and AI-controlled fighters. As in role-playing games, players level up their heroes and use gold to buy equipment during the mission. The scenario was developed with the "World Editor" of Reign of Chaos, and was updated upon the release of its expansion, The Frozen Throne. There have been many variations of the original concept; the most popular being DotA Allstars, which eventually was simplified to DotA with the release of version 6.68. This specific scenario has been maintained by several authors during development, the latest of whom being the anonymous developer known as "IceFrog" developing the game since 2005. Since its original release, DotA has become a feature at several worldwide tournaments, including Blizzard Entertainment's BlizzCon and the Asian World Cyber Games, as well as the Cyberathlete Amateur and CyberEvolution leagues; in a 2008 article of video game industry website Gamasutra, the article's author claimed that "DotA is likely the most popular and most-discussed free, non-supported game mod in the world". Valve Corporation...
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...HANDBOOK F O R NE W E MPL OYEES ============================================================ HAN DB O OK FO R N E W E MPL OYE E S ======================================================== A fearless adventure in knowing what to do when no one’s there telling you what to do FIRST EDITION 2012 Table of Contents Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii How to Use This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii Part 1: Welcome to Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Your First Day Valve Facts That Matter Welcome to Flatland Part 2: Settling In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Dedicated to the families of all Valve employees. Thank you for helping us make such an incredible place. Your First Month What to Work On Why do I need to pick my own projects?, But how do I decide which things to work on?, How do I find out what projects are under way?, Short-term vs. long term goals, What about all the things that I’m not getting done?, How does Valve decide what to work on? Can I be included the next time Valve is deciding X? Teams, Hours, and the Office Cabals, Team leads, Structure happens, Hours, The office Risks What if I screw up?...
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