Epithelial Tissue

1. Where is it found in the body?
Epithelial tissue lines the surfaces and cavities of the body organs. It covers the whole surface of the body. It is made up of cells closely packed and range in one or more layers.

2. What are the 3 types of simple epithelial tissue? * Squamous * Cuboidal * Columnar 3. Describe the structure of the 3 types of simple epithelial tissue.
Squamous – this is a single layer of thin, flat cells that line body surfaces. This tissue assists in diffusion (the spreading of something more widely), osmosis (when molecules pass through a membrane) and filtration.
Cuboidal – this is found in the glands, duct of the glands and in the lining of the kidney tubules.
Columnar – columnar refers to the shape of epithelial cells that are taller than they are wide. The columnar cells are important in absorption and movement of mucus. The cells are closely joined together and they rest on a membrane called basal lamina.

4. What is the difference between simple and compound epithelial tissue.
The simple epithelium has a single layer of cells resting on a basement membrane, the cells are not protective as it can’t resist the damage because of mechanical or chemical abrasions. Whereas Compound Epithelium consists of more than one layer, it has more layers than the simple epithelial tissue. The inner layer of the cells are rested on the basement membrane. However compound epithelial tissue are not involved in secretory or absorptive functions whereas simple epithelial tissue is. As the structure has many layers the compound epithelial tissue has protection from the other layers.
Connective Tissue

5. Where is it found in the body?
Connective tissue is found in tendons which connects muscles to bones and ligaments which connects bones to bones. The cells are not all packed together and the matrix is the substance surrounding the cells. The Matrix is made out of fibres and ground substance. The three main types of connective tissues are dense connective, loose connective and Cartilage. Connective tissue can be hard or soft. 6. What is the matrix?
The Matrix is made out of fibres and ground substances and the cells are embedded in a matrix of collagen fibres and mineral salts.

7. What is the structure and function of blood, cartilage, bone, areolar and adipose tissue? You should write 3-5 bullet points on each.

Blood – * the blood supply’s oxygen and nutrients to the tissue * it removes waste * The blood transports hormones and other signals throughout the body * Blood protects the body against diseases * The blood consists of cells, solutes and liquid. * Blood is pumped away from the heart at high pressure in the arteries and returns to the heart at low pressure in the veins.

Cartilage – * The cartilage reduces friction * The cartilage acts as a shock absorber. * The cartilage is strong and supportive connective tissue. * It is important because it provides support, but it is less rigid than a bone. * It allows flexibility of movement and has more stability than a muscle.

Bone- * They provide support for our bodies and help form our shape. * The skull protects the brain and forms the shape of our face. * The spinal cord is a pathway for messages between the brain and the body and is protected by the backbone or spinal column.

Areolar – * This is found in the lining of blood vessels and in both the dermis and sub-cutaneous layers of the skin. * This is loose connective tissue * It consists of a meshwork of collagen, elastic tissue and reticular fibres

Adipose tissue – * Is a loose fibrous connective tissue that is packed with many cells * This is a thick layer under the skin around the kidneys and in the buttocks * It is also known as fat