...Answers Globalization of Health Care QUESTION 1: What are the facilitating developments that have allowed health care to start globalizing? Answer: The globalization of health care saves the United States from 20 to 35 percent of those costs in the United States. Countries like Mexico, India, and Singapore are the three largest recipient countries of American patients where more of 1 million patients were treated in 2007. The international movement of health personnel across borders has become a significant component of the trade in health services and has attracted considerable attention in the scientific and lay press A number of factors are driving the globalization facilitating which is discussed below: * Health care and health insurance in the U.S. is becoming more expensive * Travel is relatively inexpensive and very fast * Communications technologies allow information to be shared almost instantly around the world * Some insurance companies are starting to experiment whit payment for foreign treatment at internationally accredited hospital * Quality of treatment is comparable. One of the primary reasons of facilitating globalization is the high cost of medical care in the United States, which is the source of the largest number of patients. About 45 million Americans are uninsured and many more are underinsured and they are faced with high copayments for some of their expensive procedures. The decline in barriers of free flow of health care services...
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...Case – Globalization of Health Care 1. Some of the developments are a. American insurance companies beginning to cover treatments performed in other countries. i. This is a cost saving experiment. The potential of cost avoidance could be in the billions. I’m sure they will study the submissions to ensure no residual infections or secondary conditions arise from the overseas procedure. b. Uninsured patients are seeking cheaper care outside of the US borders. i. This may be altered by the newly upheld Obamacare mandate, but it is still a huge savings for the patient, if they have out of pocket expenses that would be considered “co-pays”. c. Foreign hospitals and doctors being better equipped, ranked, staffed, and trained than most American hospitals and medical staff. i. This should be a wake-up call for their American counterparts, but, in this economic and political climate, it will go unanswered. 2. . a. The beneficiaries are the patients who can get equitable or better care for less out of pocket expense. The insurance companies also benefit as they will see a cost avoidance by authorizing and covering the treatment. The country will benefit from the additional tourism (from the improved perception) and the added revenues. b. The losers are the American hospitals. They are suffering lost income, they are losing their reputations, and they are losing potential trained medical staff that may come over for their educations and would have stayed, but instead, they are...
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...the effects of globalization on geopolitical, economic, and cultural relations between societies, nurses are becoming front-line providers in countries where access to healthcare services are limited. In countries where infectious, communicable diseases are largely preventable through vaccination, and simple interventions to improve sanitation and safe drinking water, nurses have a unique opportunity fulfill their social responsibility as health promoters by collaborating with political and healthcare leaders to created sustainable solutions to identified needs. In addition to working as health promoters, nurses need competencies that are necessary to provide holistic nursing care and development of global attitude in providing health care to at risk population. Also they should be able to advocate for those in need of a voice. This paper is an annotated bibliography regarding international health in nursing. The reference cited address various information about the role of a nurse and what is global health in nursing. The references cited were obtained from numerous and widely scattered sources such as textbooks, electronic journals, magazines, and peer-reviewed journals. Chatwood, S., Bierregaard, P., & T. Kue, Y. (2012). Global Health-A Circumpolar Perspective. American Journal Of Public Health, 102(7):1246-1249. doi: 10.21.05/AJPH.2011.30058. The authors of this article discussed the fact that global health has largely replaced international health. In fact despite...
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...Impact of Globalization on the Health Sector in South Africa After the Apartheid era, massive inequalities in income, health status, access to health care and other social services continued to dominate in South Africa. The Apartheid era was a system of racial segregation that was implemented in South Africa from 1948 to 1994. Due to colonization, whites had ruled South Africa for several centuries, which resulted in the creation of a system that was constructed to serve as a legal framework for continued economic and political dominance by people of European descent (WHO 2003: Antiretroviral Therapy). The apartheid era came to an end as a consequence of both inner and global pressure and South Africa’s new democratic government. The new government claims that improving the access to health care is a main priority noting, “emphasis should be placed on reaching … the most vulnerable” (Department of Health 1997:13). Giving access to health care is becoming an even greater challenge. South Africa was, and is still facing an exploding HIV/AIDS epidemic that, if anything, is highly associated with health care demands. Today, there are more than 5.3 million people living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa, this accounts for more than 21.5% of the entire population (CIA World Fact book: 2006). This paper aims to understand how the health care sector has dealt with the challenges faced in dealing with immense inequalities and a growing epidemic in the context of globalization. Furthermore...
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...Globalization impact on healthcare Faculty Advisor; Prof. Peter Carrillo Student; Mohamed Osman National University 03/31/2013 Table of Contents Abstract 3 Problem Statement 4 Globalization and Poverty 5 Globalization and Climate Change 7 Globalization and Immigration / Emigration 8 Globalization and Communicable / Non-Communicable Diseases 9 Conclusion 12 References 13 Globalization impact on healthcare Globalization is the process of promotion of economic integration, communication exchange, cultural diffusion and travel, which facilitate the exchange and connection between nations, commerce and individuals. The effect of globalization on healthcare and individuals is complex. The globalization of healthcare has provided opportunities for many organizations to rapidly develop their products and to expand their network of customers also global transportation and the communications revolution enabled rapid response to epidemics and catastrophes. On the flip side, the rapid mobility of people across borders, the spread of infectious diseases is a great threat to everyone, particularly in poor developing countries. “Today, no microbe in the world is more than 24 hours away from the gateways of every industrialized country, and what incubates today in the tropical rain forest can emerge tomorrow in a temperate suburb.” --Nils Daulaire (Kelley, 2005) The link between globalization and global warming and environmental...
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...a. What are the facilitating developments that have allowed health care to start globalizing? The facilitating developments that have allowed healthcare to start globalizing were that healthcare and insurance have become more and more expensive in the U.S. There have been opportunities for education in the medical field for people in different countries. In the grand scheme of things, travel is fairly inexpensive and quite fast. b. Who benefits from the globalization of health care? Those that benefit from the globalization of healthcare are the uninsured and the underinsured because this aids them in avoiding the high costs that can happen where medical bills are concerned. Insurance companies also benefit because they don’t need to pay big money for domestic procedures. The different countries probably benefit the most from having highly educated people and the profits they are making traveling tourists that travel solely for medical reasons. c. Who are the losers in the globalization of health care? The clear losers where globalization of healthcare is concerned is the hospitals and the U.S doctors that would perform those procedures at the domestic facilities. There is a clear loss in the profits that they would have received for those procedures. d. Are there any risks associated with the globalization of health care? The main risk is more of an uncertainty, which is concerning the level of care provided. Even though the procedures that are being performed...
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...privatization the major method of handling certain tasks such as building maintenance, methods of transportation and administrative work. A well managed public sector will ensure Canada functions at peak efficiency and this is the goal of the public service. This paper will discuss what may happen in public management within Canada in the future and why a global capitalist society is largely the basis for the transition we are seeing today. Globalization is a factor in the new millennium that must be included in almost any discussion concerning the future. At the click of a finger, a businessman making financial transactions in Toronto can transfer dollars to any country where he is doing business. Globalization has allowed for cheaper and faster transfers of speculative portfolio investment. Since the late 1970s and early 1980s, globalization has been pushed by the countries dominant in the world’s major economic and political circles. As some would claim, not to globalize is to be marginalized in the world community. Globalization, as commonly discussed, refers to the explosive growth in the past 25 to 30 years of huge multinational...
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...procedures moving offshores, but today we see it more often than none. People are going to places like India, Singapore, and even Mexico to receive care. Technological advancement has made outsourcing of medical work possible in recent years. The Internet makes it possible to quickly transmit large amounts of data to countries such as India where the information can be processed and returned. Countries like the U.S. have costly medical care facilities prompting people to consider cheaper alternatives. A heart surgery in India is cheaper and affordable compared to that of U.S. The outsourcing of medical procedures to nations where medical professionals are paid lower could clearly benefits consumers. However, the treatment standards in countries such as India may not be up to the standards found in the United States, and that the process takes some control out of the consumer’s hands. The United States health care professionals see the outsourcing as a negative trend, however, medical insurance companies view any means of cutting costs as a positive move. The middle class has been fueling the economy in the US for the last decade but as it shrinks, it is no longer able to do so. I think we are witnessing the long term effect of globalization. High unemployment, stagnant wages, credit evaporated and reduced spending. The globalization of health care should result in a more efficient industry. The U.S. prices should fall as countries like India offer their services cheaper compared to them...
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...Globalization and Loss of Traditional Medicinal Knowledge Cheryl Hansen WGU GLC1 - Task 1 Globalization and Loss of Traditional Medicinal Knowledge People often have strong and conflicting views on globalization producing many different definitions. Although there is not a precise definition, the term globalization refers to complicated processes that focus on how events and activities bring forth fundamental change in developing countries. Haviland, Prins, Walrath, & McBride define globalization as it refers to “worldwide interconnectedness, evidenced in global movements of natural resources, human labor, finance capital, information, infectious diseases, and trade goods” (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, & McBride, 2008, p. 19). South America and Africa are endowed with rich and highly diverse biological resources. Indigenous people of these countries are gifted with traditional medicinal knowledge of their organic resources. This traditional knowledge reflects the knowledge and beliefs of the local people and the relationship with their environment taught and handed down through generations. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines traditional medicine as: “the sum total of the knowledge, skills, and practices based on the theories, beliefs, and experiences indigenous to different cultures, whether explicable or not, used in the maintenance of health as well as in the prevention, diagnosis, improvement or treatment of physical and mental illness" ("Traditional...
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...business to want to encounter the goal and to do so in both an appropriate and a profitable way. Lastly, controlling is the ongoing performance of studying the outcomes, keeping what works, and eliminating what is not working to successfully meet and possibly exceed the organization’s specified goals. Internal and External Factors The four functions of management significantly affect both internal and external factors. Internal factors are those that deal with the establishment directly, such as employees, personnel, the organization’s culture and values (Ochsner, 2013). External factors are those influences that come from outside the business, such as the economy, consumer demand, and globalization (Bateman, 2011). Successful management in all levels are those individuals...
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...polio and mumps. Back then, health care providers focused more on vaccines and isolation as ways of controlling the diseases. Today, people are more worried about lifestyle and age related diseases. In the very way, the delivery of health care services has also changed. Disease trends, therefore, influence the delivery of health care services. One will ask what determines disease trends. Factors like globalization and industrialization are major determinants of disease trends. Globalization has increased the degree at which people from different parts of the world interact. People keep travelling from one country to another, and along the way, they are likely to acquire or spread diseases that they otherwise, would not contract had they remained in their home countries. Industrialization, on its end, has increased the need to have a modernized society. Modernization comes with an increased demand for manufactured goods, and services, and very busy lives. People are not eating healthy foods as they did in the past. Due to the busy schedules, many people do not have the time to exercise their bodies. Poor eating habits and insufficient exercise have led to lifestyle-related diseases and complications such as obesity, and diabetes. These diseases are now a major concern for health care services providers. Disease trends and population demographics determine the delivery of health care services. Age, a demographic factor, increases the need for health care services. This explains why...
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...How does globalization influence health and lifestyle? 2012/7/26 Traditionally, globalization is welcome in a host of countries for the reason that it can increase international trade and fuel the local economic growth. Yet, a growing number of people nowadays are beginning to be concerned that transitions brought by globalization could make a negative effect on their local lifestyle and health. Widespread and overwhelming, globalization plays a vital role in people’s life. From my own perspective, health and cultural problems are the two essential issues that triggered by globalization. Admittedly, globalization reinforces cultural exchange and transmission. Nonetheless, it can undermine the local cultural identity as well. Especially, the spread of American corporation all over the world has visible and variable consequence on local culture, such as fast food chains. It is well known that food not only represents an aspect of local culture but also reveals the habits and traditions in society. For example (Cited in Source Work, 2012, p.179), the French unique cuisine reflects their culture, which makes the French feel more proud. Because of their sense of pride, quite a few French people have started to be concerned that the U.S. fast food chains would crowd out their own products. Besides food products, restaurant chains can influence both eating habits and traditions. For instance (Cited in Source Work, 2012, p.179), Starbucks, in Italy, gives rise to widely cultural...
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...GLOBALIZATION AND PUBLIC HEALTH Although, recently there is a growing literature on the importance of globalization for health, the term globalization has for long been used in academic discourse, particularly within the social and political science but relatively new in the discussion within public health. While the processes of globalization are far from straight forward, the concept of health is as well a complex one, which result into no consensus either on the pathways and mechanism through which globalization affects the health of population or on the appropriate policy responses (woodward et al 2001). However, there has been a significant increase interest on the issue of globalization within public health, although a contested one, since authors on public health are still undecided not only on the exact conclusion on the impact of globalization on public health, whether bad or good, but also as to whether globalization has actually cemented its place in the public health lexicon. Nevertheless, it is know that a broad-based public health should take note of significant economic, political and social changes that determine and shape people’s health, and this definitely will call for a proper theoretical approach to globalization in understanding the nature of these contemporary economic, political and social changes (Stuart McClean in Orme et. al. 2007). This essay will describe the relationship between globalization and public health. It will first begin, by exploring...
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...since Americans suffered the problems of poverty, unemployment, violent crimes, education, and health care. Since this is an election year it is imperative to note the various issues and solutions that candidates have formulated for these problems(Bernstein). The paper will also cover the manifestos and proposals that two candidates have offered to the public that are meant to give solution to these problems. The strategy that the paper will use is that it will be taking an issues address the impact it has on the U.S citizen then give the opinion and plan of the candidates. Poverty According to study done it is estimated that more 46.6 million Americans are poor. It means that these number of citizens live in conditions that are not conducive to human beings. Poverty means that many of the citizens cannot afford basic needs. Mostly these basic needs are a decent meal, shelter, education, and health care("Medicare For All: Leaving No One Behind"). It unfortunate that in this era the U.S cannot afford basic health care to all its citizens. The main causes of poverty in the U.S is unemployment, whereby many people cannot secure a stable job that was caused by the great recession. It has been hard for the U.S government to rise from the great recess that happened where many industries closed down thus lay off majority of their employees. Another cause for poverty is the cost of health care in the U.S. Majority of the U.S citizens are not medically covered making them vulnerable to...
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...HLSC120: Society, Culture and Health eLearning Lecture Enhancement eModule Module 2 – Week 2 by by Dr Monica Nebauer (Queensland) Revised 2014 Introduction Welcome to the second of six eLearning Lecture Enhancement Modules for this unit. As explained in your first eModule, the purpose of these eModules is to extend the content of your weekly two hour lecture, to create knowledge links for you to the Seminar Questions that you and other students will be planning to present in your Student Seminars, and to help you enrich your learning as you develop your reflective learning and writing skills. In this eModule, you will be able to explore further: social changes from world globalizing processes, health care and globalizing processes, and finally, globalizing processes and cultural diversity in Australia. As you will be aware there is one Reflective Learning and Writing proforma on LEO that you are asked to use for your Reflective Learning and Writing task (2,500 words). At the end of this eModule (look under the green box) there are five questions from which you can choose a question to answer for your second assessment task. Learning Outcomes and Graduate Attributes The Learning Outcomes (with numbering from your Unit Outline) that will be addressed in this eModule are as follows – 1. explain changes in contemporary Australian society, culture and health related to world globalising processes; 2. discuss the impact of societal changes and an increasing cultural diversity...
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