...Psychology of Women Study Guide for Second Exam Fall 2014 You are responsible for everything discussed in lecture unless I note otherwise. You are responsible for the material in the text unless I specifically state below that the material will not be covered on the exam. Carefully review the take home points in each chapter. Keep in mind that most gender differences are small and that there is a great deal of overlap between women and men. Thus, when I ask about differences, it is in the context of many similarities and small mean differences. Chapter 7: Communication The text provides 3 reasons why children prefer to play with others of the same sex. Be familiar with them. How do girls tend to play with each other in same sex groups? How do boys tend to play with each other in same sex groups? How do girls tend to talk to each other in same sex groups? How do boys tend to talk to each other in same sex groups? What -- if anything -- is different in children’s cross sex play and talk compared to same sex play and talk? Are girls more likely than boys to engage in relational aggression? What do meta-analysis findings suggest? What gender similarities and differences have been found in how adults interact? What factors determine what types of differences are found? You are not responsible for the section discussing online communication (p. 229). The text provides a long list of differences in how men and women in the US typically use...
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...4 Health Education 44 Chapter 1 1. Health simply means the antithesis of sickness. To others, it means being in a good physical shape and able to resist illness. Wellness is to include a wide array of factors that lead to positive health status. Wellness also includes a healthy “quality of life” which implies that there were lives of health in each category. Health promotion describes the educational, organizational, procedural, environmental, social and financial supports that help individuals and groups reduce negative health behavior and promote positive change. Disease prevention: means taking positive actions now to avoid becoming sick later. There are three types of preventions, primary, secondary, and tertiary. The real healthy means optimum wellness, which include heartiness, good social health, intellectual health, environmental health, spiritual health, and good physical health. 2. In 1990, in response to the indications that Americans were not as healthy as they should be, the U.S. Surgeon General proposed national plans for promoting health among individual and groups. Known as “Healthy People 2000”, the plan outlined a series of long-term objectives. Despite many communities working toward achieving this goal, as a nation we still had a long way to go by the new millennium. 3. Researches are discovering that the same diseases and treatments can affect men and women very differently. a) The size...
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...of young adulthood and late adulthood. It accompanies many changes that some people may not be prepared for or welcome with open arms. The changes that usually deal with the mind and the body gradually develop as time continues to pass. Some of the most drastic changes are the physical changes that can have a profound effect on the way a person at this stage of life view themselves. Common health problems that evolve during this age The physical modification people in this stage of life may experience varies depending on many factors that contribute to one's health. Smoking, drinking alcohol, unhealthy eating habits and stress can all negatively affect a person's health and increase the chance of acquiring the common health issues middle-aged adult face. Common health issues include Cancer, Diabetes, Hypertension, Arthritis, High Cholesterol and Weight gain, all of which have a direct connection to one another. Hypertension In middle adulthood, the body starts to change and evolve in more ways than one. The metabolism starts to slow down, and health problems are more common to arise at this point. There are various common health problems that we see at this age, and a more common one is Hypertension also known as high blood pressure. The higher one's blood pressure becomes, the harder their heart has to work to pump. Hypertension can stem from a variation of things such as smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, etc. Addressing hypertension can be done medically or...
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...language, touch, gesture, eye contact, and posture. Communication has its barriers when dealing with jobs, culture, and gender. Jobs have a way of communication in many ways; many jobs have a policy where a chain of command has to be followed. In many jobs there is an open door policy anything discuss is private. Communication in culture differs, depending on the job and the type of culture. In some culture communication has its barriers, some cultures do not want anyone to have a higher power over him or she and language also plays a role in how the job is completed. Americans use appearance as there nonverbal communication to show off personal attractiveness. Gender communication varies in the workplace men and women have verbal and nonverbal differences, for men verbal communication use more fillers, speak about activities, he may use more direct accusation and more slang. A woman uses more qualifiers, speak about people, feelings, more direct accusations, and use less slang. Nonverbal communication in the workplace for men they take up more space, have less eye contact, and have more forceful gestures. A woman takes up less space, have more eye contact, and have light fluid gestures. In the health care field cultures look at healthcare different. Accord to Du Pre, A (2005) “diverse beliefs about health and illness profoundly affect health communication.” The world is more diverse and communication is becoming a barrier for the healthcare field the language,...
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...Do Men and Women Experience Stress the Same? Today, more people are suffering from being stressed out. Our society is seeing more pressure related to family, work, and society. Even with the most up to date time-saving machines that make our life significantly easier than the old times, the problem of stress is constantly affecting our daily and life is becoming more severe than ever. “Stress” is the word we use when we feel that everything seems to have become too much – when we are overloaded and begin to put efforts towards coping with the pressures placed upon us. “Anything that poses a challenge or a threat to our well-being is a stress.”(Medical News Today, 2009, para. 1) Considering the important role that stress plays in our life, we selected the topic “Do Men and Women Experience Stress the Same?”. Stress that undermines both our mental and physical health is classified as negative, while some others can be used to motivate and are positive. Hence, it is important to know how stress works and who it effects. We made our focal points: 1) causes of stress; 2) consequences of stress; 3) methods of coping with stress. For the causes of stress, we find multiple reasons - mainly from work and family. Role conflicts, discrimination, and unfair criticism all contribute to stress in our daily life. Experiencing a high level of stress may develop several kinds of illness. The symptoms can be classified into three categories: physiological, psychological, and behavioral...
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...articles differ in perspective but share the same definitions. The highlighting points that will be thoroughly discussed in chronological order are human rights, health issues, vulnerability, and agricultural sector. The premise this paper will illustrate is that natural disasters do not affect both genders equally and that there is a lack of attention to gender issues in developing countries. Depending on the exposure of the climate change, inequalities for resilience in access to resources and opportunities may vary and will most likely render the disadvantaged more vulnerable to the disaster. As stated in ‘The Missing Component of the Response to Climate Change’ article “most societies, particularly in developing countries, women have lower incomes and fewer opportunities than men. Thus their adaptive and mitigative capacity is lower than those of males. Climate policies are thus not automatically gender neutral.” (Lambrou, Piana, 2007, p.2) By understanding how climate change affects men and women through their role, social expectations, status and power will develop proper actions taken to reduce vulnerability and increase resiliency after a natural disaster. Human Rights The U.N. Human Rights Council study has shown and proven that climate change is negatively impacting the enjoyment of specific human rights in varying countries around the world. These human rights that are being impacted include the right to life, food, water, health, housing, and self-determination. Also...
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...Health Wellness, Health Promotion and Health Education Health wellness refers to the overall health of a person. This means that the person is not suffering from any disease whether it is sexual or not. Most of the time, people have failed to make the connection between illnesses and their sexual health. The important point to note is that the body operates as a single unit. Each of the parts of the body, both internal and external has a purpose that it serves for the overall wellness of a person. So when a person suffers from a certain disease, there is a chance that her normal body functions will also be affected. It is appropriate for sexually transmitted diseases to also be discussed under this topic. Sexually transmitted diseases are those that are transmitted form one person to the other through sexual acts or sexual intercourse. It is important for women to be aware of the effects of sexually transmitted diseases on their sexual health. They can often affect the normal functioning of their body parts, thus hindering them from living a sexually safe life. For women the situation is even worse because it does not affect them alone. For example, when a woman suffers from a disease like...
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...people on a wider scale, where not everyone is affected by a person’s choice of sexual orientation. Obama care affects us as a country as well as individually. I am against Obama Care based on the little print that not everyone takes the time to read. For instance the lax regulations as to who can receive the care, our taxes increasing, and the penalties for exercising our first amendment rights are all things people neglect to think about when the advertising executives wrap everything into a pretty little package. The Obama Care also known as Apple Care is based on financial capabilities. The more your income is the more you can afford for medical care and you are charged accordingly. The government has completely neglected our first amendment right, the right to our freedom of choice. If we chose not to obtain medical insurance starting January two-thousand fourteen, a fine will be applied to those who file taxes. According to PBS News Hour, the penalty this year is the greater of either $95 or up to 1 percent of the portion of the person’s modified adjusted gross income that exceeds $10,150. That amount is said to increase in 2016 to $2,085 or 2.5 percent of household income, whichever is greater. It matters not if you are in good health or a cancer patient you must acquire medical insurance. Instead the premiums for Obama/Apple care are based on gender rather than health. According to CNN money (refer to graph 1...
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...absurd. Because of this ridiculous expectancy for young people to look a certain way and weigh a certain amount, eating disorders are becoming more of a problem than ever before in the past. People struggle with self-confidence and decide to take drastic measures to make themselves look better. The problem, however, isn’t with their weight or any aspect of their appearance. The problem is that society makes people believe that only skinny is beautiful and students are bullied if their peers don’t think they fit the criteria of beauty. What aspect of physical appearance is even important? What about “beauty” is so important that people should feel the need to go to such great lengths such as self-harm, eating disorders, or even suicide? This country, as a whole, is twisting children’s minds into thinking that appearance is everything and when they don’t look the way society and their peers say they need to, it causes serious mental and emotional...
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... Public Health Strategies in the UK and their origins. In this article I am going to describe the key features of public health strategies as they relate to current times in the UK. -Monitoring the health status of the population. This strategy involves keeping track of people’s health/keeping an eye on everyone though statics. By tracking changes in the health of the population health professionals are able to alert people to potential problems, for example regular check-ups, at doctors for asthma or Dentist to check up on teeth and make sure they are in good condition plus Orthodontic. Also the NHS provide a free midlife MOT to check people aged between 40-74, to make sure they are in good health and to help reduce the number of elderly who suffer with high blood pressure. Also for HIV, they monitor the health of the population with HIV tracking the number of people with HIV within the population. This helps the NHS find out the population of people with HIV in order for them to take further actions. -Identifying the health needs of the population. This strategy involves identifying health needs, including those that are common problems/ illness that are considered a major problem. For example identifying the illness and providing support through services or medicine, advert are a great way that can get you aware, and provide you with health awareness that is common in the population. Doctors for example monitor the health status of the population...
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...INTERNATIONAL WOMEN’S DAY March 8th “What would men be without women? Scarce, sir... mighty scarce.” (Mark Twain) A woman has an awesome strength which empowers her to handle any problem that comes her way. She holds happiness, love and opinions. She smiles when she feels like screaming. If a woman’s persuasion can build a nation then ‘we run the world’. According to wiki.answers, two third of the world’s work is done by women. In most cases, it is the women who run the household and who care for the children. Additionally, many women contribute to the household income at the same time. Women are often the first to get up and the last to go to bed. Women need to do twice as much as men to prove she is half as good - this is often taken for granted. Hardly anyone thinks that women should be thanked for the hard work that they accomplish every single day - until the day that she are not around and her husband needs to take over… Let’s face it: a woman’s life is beautiful but also exhausting and stressful. Significantly more women than men are found to suffer from stress, especially when they are mothers. While stress is a risk factor for a variety of health problems, it also affects her and her family’s daily life: * Changes in affection: Stress results in poorer relationships and less affection. On the other hand, affection reduces stress hormones and contributes to a lower stress level. * Reduced Sex Drive: Stress may lower libido because elevated levels...
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...Demographic Paper Wanda Strickland HCS 490 11-28-11 Dr. Cindy Perkins Demographic Paper American men and women do to medical science and technologies are living much longer. This paper will discuss the demographics of senior citizens’ living longer than they ever had in the United States. This paper will gather data about the senior citizens’ population demographics. It will gather information and try to discuss what type of impact the senior citizens’ have on the healthcare market. This paper will also discuss the issues with the elderly immigrants and what type of effects they have on our healthcare market. This paper will also discuss challenges to this population, such as increases in health care costs, increases in prescription drug costs. This paper will also discuss How can the individual patient, the community, and society as a whole address these challenges and how a chronic disease wellness program may affect the costs for this demographic. The Effect That the Elderly Have on Healthcare According to this committee (National Committee to Preserve Social Security & Medicare, 2009) reports has triggered analysis on claims that an aging population is the major cause of spending growth on Medicare and other social insurance programs. They also goes to say that those that would like to undermine the current Social Security and Medicare programs can be expected to use the Trustee's reports' data on solvency as a rationale for privatizing, or otherwise dismantling...
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...anorexics are young women. One in every 200 American women have anorexia and only about 10% of men suffer from the disease (Eating Disorders). In 1980, anorexia was classified as a psychiatric disorder. Since then it is still becoming a growing problem. The number of anorexia cases has doubled since 1970. Anorexia is not having an impact on one particular race or social group. It is having an impact on people of all social groups and ethnic backgrounds (Anorexia Nervosa). However, there are 10 million women and 1 million men that have anorexia, the majority of them being white people (Bennett). Researchers do not know exactly what the causes are of anorexia, or other eating disorders for that matter. They say eating disorders can be caused by many things such as: biological, psychological, social, cultural and even family factors (Gowan). For many of the sufferers, anorexia becomes almost like a religion. People feel this way because, they have power over themselves. They control what they can eat and they feel in power when they do this (Bennett). A story I found off of ebsco, (academic resource website) was a girl who dreamed of being a ballerina. She saw many dancers who were thin and good at dancing and that’s what she wanted to be like. This girl was only 15 years old when she started to starve herself. It was all because of a role model she looked up too. This girl lost 30 pounds and she still didn’t think that she had any problems. She wouldn’t admit...
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...spectrum which go hand in hand with the element of health and illness. These things will include the introduction of social groups and looking at their statistics. “A social group is a collection of people who interact with each other and share similar characteristics and a sense of unity. A social category is a collection of people who do not interact but who share similar characteristics. For example, women, men, the elderly, and high school students all constitute social categories. A social category can become a social group when the members in the category interact with each other and identify themselves as members of the group.” - Anonymous, 2014. No only will I be looking at the social elements, but how it links in to health and trends in illness to find out just how the can both relate. Things such as Morbidity rates (the counted statistic rate in which disease appears in the population). Not forgetting other patterns in health including mortality rate known to be the amount of deaths calculated per annum along with many other rates that can effect the illness of social groups and reasons as to why and how these rates may effect them. As previously mentioned before a social group is a collection of people who interact with each other and share similar characteristics and a sense of unity. A social category is a collection of people who do not interact but who share similar characteristics. For example, women, men, the elderly, and high school students all constitute...
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...Women’s Studies 101 | Extra Credit Essay | | || Christine Roman | 8/7/2009 | | Women’s Studies – Historical Issues The first issue that I will be talking about is gender and the labor force. Since the beginning women have always taken the back seat to men when it comes to the work force. To start with, women were not allowed to have any kind of former education in order to pursue their dreams. They were limited in what fields they could do. For example the generally took jobs like teaching, service types and jobs that were not considered to be of any value or wealth to men. The Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions set the start of women’s right to further their education. This would allow them to go to colleges or universities. As time passed other issues were being addressed such as wages. Women were paid less than men were. A report was done by the Institute for Women’s Policy Research done in 2002. White women were making $.70 to ever dollar men were making. Asian-American was making $.75 to ever dollar and African-American women were $.63 to ever dollar men were making. In 1964, The Civil Rights Act, Title VII was established to give fair and equal employment opportunities to employees and job applicants. The person’s race, religion and national origin could not be used against them in the whether or not they got the job. Also, with the Civil Acts Rights, gender could not be used. So based on the sex of the employee or job applicant, (female...
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