...violates the ancient Hippocratic oath, and it is for this reason that many physicians refuse to support legalization of the practice. The Hippocratic oath is a promise, regarding the ethical standards of medicine, that all physicians swear to uphold. The classical oath asserts that “[the physician] will neither give a deadly drug to anybody who asked for it, nor will [the physician] make a suggestion to this effect]” (Ruggles). On these grounds the oath, developed in the late fifth century BC, directly prohibits the practice of physician-assisted suicide. It is for this reason that some physicians so vehemently oppose...
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...Administrative Ethics Paper Introduction The ethical are a constant in the healthcare world. When finding the line between what is legally right and what is not ethical is not a simple task. There was recent news in Turkish doctor is being tired for that reason. The doctor was on trial because he refused to treat a patent because of the scenario whole have required him to breach the doctor-patient confidentially law. The gendarmeries were bound under the order to not leave the patient, which was also a prisoner, unsupervised due to the Tripartite Protocol. In this paper I will be talking about legal and ethical issue that will arise from both sides, when each of the party is bound by separates laws, as well as what happen what these laws overlap. Issue and impact With the case with regarding Sadik Cayan, Mulamahmutoğlu with a physician from south-eastern turkey whom refused a treatment of an inmate who was brought in the medical facility where we was working, for his concerns that the scenario would the doctor patient confidentiality law (Bianet, 2011). The case that I am talking about will affect all of the prisoner that are require healthcare treatment in a hospital setting, the law enforcement official requited to supervise the inmate and the medical professionals to called on of the treat the of patients. This doesn’t include the general public whose does agree with one did or the other. When the media is surrounding this case it is getting people who side with the...
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...legal in 1967 when in the first year there were a total of … abortions which is a very small amount when compared to last years total of 185,122 in the u.k alone. This shows that abortion has increased dramatically since it was made legal in 1967. Abortion is a historic subject of matter swaying all the way back to times when Christianity was just beginning to appear (and even before that). Greeks and romans allowed abortion in any situation and even infanticide-sorranus of Ephesus. Abortion could be accepted on any grounds such as to protect the woman’s looks, to cover adultery etc. the didache is one of the earliest writings of Christianity and within it it states that abortion is wrong in any situation as it is murder. The Hippocratic oath is an oath in which all doctors and nurses used to have to swear by. It states that the doctors will not give drugs which allow abortion as the main role of a doctor is to prevent life from ending. Abortion throughout history has been a very un-decisive subject and many will argue that is still is today. Society today is still un-decided about the matter with almost every other person having a different opinion on where life begins, whether or not abortion should take place, whether or not certain circumstances matter when it comes to the subject of abortion etc. An example of how it is still very much a subject of opinion is that abortion is legal in the u.k however in Ireland, which is normally seen as a very similar country to the u.k...
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...Administrative Ethical Issues Nicole L. Clayton HCS/335 25 July 2011 Patricia Daugherty Administrative Ethics Paper Ethical issues are a constant in the healthcare world. Finding the line between what is legally right and what is ethical is not a simple task. In recent news a Turkish doctor is being tried for that very reason. The doctor on trial refused to treat a patient because the scenario would have required him to breach the doctor-patient confidentiality law. However, the gendarmeries were bound under orders to not leave the patient, who was also a prisoner, unsupervised due to the Tripartite Protocol. In this paper legal and ethical issues that arise from both sides, when each party is bound by separate laws, as well as what happens when these laws overlap. Issue and Impact With the case regarding Sadık Çayan Mulamahmutoğlu, a physician from south-eastern Turkey whom refused treatment of an inmate brought into the medical facility where he was working, for concerns that the scenario would violate the doctor patient confidentiality law (Bianet, 2011). This case will affect all prisoners that require healthcare treatments in a hospital setting, the law enforcement officials required to supervise the inmate and the medical professionals called on to treat the patient. This does not include the general public who agree with one side or the other. The media surrounding this case is getting many people who side with the medical professionals and less with the...
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...Introduction The ethical are a constant in the healthcare world. When finding the line between what is legally right and what is not ethical is not a simple task. There was recent news in Turkish doctor is being tired for that reason. The doctor was on trial because he refused to treat a patent because of the scenario whole have required him to breach the doctor-patient confidentially law. The gendarmeries were bound under the order to not leave the patient, which was also a prisoner, unsupervised due to the Tripartite Protocol. In this paper I will be talking about legal and ethical issue that will arise from both sides, when each of the party is bound by separates laws, as well as what happen what these laws overlap. Issue and impact With the case with regarding Sadik Cayan, Mulamahmutoğlu with a physician from south-eastern turkey whom refused a treatment of an inmate who was brought in the medical facility where we was working, for his concerns that the scenario would the doctor patient confidentiality law (Bianet, 2011). The case that I am talking about will affect all of the prisoner that are require healthcare treatment in a hospital setting, the law enforcement official requited to supervise the inmate and the medical professionals to called on of the treat the of patients. This doesn’t include the general public whose does agree with one did or the other. When the media is surrounding this case it is getting people who side with the medical professionals and les...
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...The Hippocratic Oath is one of the oldest documents that lays out the moral ethics and practices of doctors and nurses. This document was made to better help doctors and nurses in their practice. It would also help them value each life they could save or cure to the best of their ability. The Hippocratic Oath states that “ I will neither give a deadly drug to anybody who asked for it, nor will I make a suggestion to this effect” (N.A., Definition of the Hippocratic Oath, www.medicinenet.com). The Death with Dignity act allows the killing of the terminally disabled or ill seeking to end their life. This act is accomplished through lethal injection or other means.This is in violation of what doctors and nurses are supposed to do, to help save people's lives rather than take it. The Hippocratic Oath entails that doctors and nurses never seek to end a patient's life, even when it seems that most likely they will die. The duty of doctors and nurses, as stated by the oath, is that, to the best of their ability, save each patient's...
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...professional lives are strongly influenced by cultural elements. BREIF HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES ON WESTERN ETHICAL CODES The influence of culture on ethical professional practice could be traced back to the time of the development of some selected code of ethics. Professional codes in the West typically follow the Hippocratic tradition (Veatch, 19997) which is often acknowledged by both physicians and lay people as the foundation of medical ethics for physicians in the west. Among the Christian cultures, a new version of the Hippocratic oath called the oath According to Hippocrates insofar as a Christian may swear it (Jones, 1924), emerged for Christian physicians with some changes to reflect the culture of the Christian Kingdom. These includes removal of references to the Greek gods and goddesses, the dropping of the prohibition against surgery whilst strengthening the prohibition on abortion (Veatch, 19997). Similarly, the Percival’s medical ethics which become the foundation of modern Anglo-American professional physicians’ ethics also show some variation with the Hippocratic Oath. The religious virtue of purity and holiness of the Hippocratic Oath are replaced with virtues of gentleman: Physicians should “unite tenderness with steadiness and condescension with authority” (Percival, 1927). ETHICS AND PROFESSIONAL LIFE IN...
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...with the same goals: House Bill No. 4244 or An Act Providing for a Comprehensive Policy on Responsible Parenthood, Reproductive Health, and Population and Development, and For Other Purposes introduced by Albay 1st district Representative Edcel Lagman, and Senate Bill No. 2378 or An Act Providing For a National Policy on Reproductive Health and Population and Development introduced by Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago. THESIS OR CONVICTION: Yes, COUNTER ARGUMENT: No, because SUPPORTING ARGUMENTS 1. No, because Philip Nitschke, MD, Director and Founder of Exit International, commented in his June 5, 2009 interview with Kathryn Jean Lopez titled "Euthanasia Sets Sail" that appeared in the National Review Online: "Over time the Hippocratic Oath has been modified on a number of occasions as some of its tenets became less and less acceptable. References to women not studying medicine and doctors not breaking the skin have been deleted. The much-quoted reference to 'do no harm' is also in need of explanation. Does not doing harm mean that we should prolong a life that the patient sees as a painful burden? Surely, the 'harm' in this instance is done when we prolong the life, and 'doing no harm' means that we should help the patient die. Killing the patient--technically, yes. Is it a good thing--sometimes, yes. Is it consistent with good medical end-of-life care: absolutely yes." 2. No, because Sherwin Nuland,...
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...Homer ca. 8th century BC Homer is best known for the two epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey. The Iliad is generally considered the oldest work of Western literature. Even the Greeks themselves recognized Homer for his influence and did not consider themselves educated unless they had read his works. It’s disputed whether Homer actually is a historic person. Absolutely nothing is known about him or his life and some scholars believe that the Iliad and the Odyssey are the works of multiple authors rather than just one. No matter who wrote them, both the Iliad and the Odyssey have had a huge influence on literature. In fact, even Shakespeare based one of his plays on the Iliad. Sophocles ca. 496 – 406 BC Sophocles was a tragedian who wrote 123 plays during his life. Only seven have survived in entity, but they include classics such as Antigone, Oedipus the King and Electra. He developed theater by adding a third actor, reducing the importance of the chorus, and introducing scenography. Sophocles also abolished the traditional trilogic form of tragedies and made each play complete in itself – this added dramatic value to the plays. Herodotus ca. 484 – 425 BC Herodotus is considered the father of history in Western culture. He approached history as a science by collecting his material systematically and testing its accuracy. Herodotus was also a gifted narrator. The word history itself comes from Herodotus’ book The Histories, which means “inquiries” in Greek....
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...upbringing, societal influence and professional expectations. These mores determine both personal and professional character. Ethics are the concepts of what is right and wrong. The basis of virtually all decision making is guided by these two concepts. The moral backbone reflects itself both personally and in the workplace. Teaching children not to lie, cheat or steal are examples of personal ethics. In a work environment the ethical expectations are determined by the organization. Individual will industries require conduct with adhering to specific ethical guidelines. There are many sources of professional values and ethics. Here are three examples that are most notable in everyday business. In medicine, Doctors have what is called the Hippocratic Oath. The...
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...Patients share their confidential information to the nurses, because they trust the nurse. Nurses care for the sick and needy population. Nurses take care of the patient’s deepest and painful needs in an intimate way compared to other disciplines in the health care team (Nazarko, 2009). Nurses frequently encounter ethical dilemmas and issues related to providing confidential information. This paper analysis is about the ethical recommendations on breach of privacy act between the nurses and the patient. Hippocratic Oath evidently explains about the importance of confidentiality in medical ethics. The oath is like this," That whatsoever I shall see or hear of the lives of my patients that are not fitting to be spoken, I will keep in confidence" (Hippocratic Oath, 2010). In Nightingale’s pledge for nursing, says that ‘‘I will hold in confidence of all personal matters in the practice of nursing” (Gretter, 1893). All nurses take Nightingale’s pledge at their graduation oath. Nurses are dedicated to provide better care for their patient based on their patient’s values and beliefs to maintain confidentiality. The provision of health care is comprehensive and people’s needs are often complex. Modern technology has made advanced changes in healthcare. With the many advances changes in health care a equivalent danger of over-specialization has. In this modern healthcare patients and their families are more knowledgeable about the sophisticated cares. Nurses have to be more cautious...
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...decisions and protecting them from harm, but also by making efforts to secure their well-being. Such treatment falls under the principle of beneficence. The term "beneficence" is often understood to cover acts of kindness or charity that go beyond strict obligation. In this document, beneficence is understood in a stronger sense, as an obligation. Two general rules have been formulated as complementary expressions of beneficent actions in this sense: (1) do not harm and (2) maximize possible benefits and minimize possible harms. The Hippocratic maxim "do no harm" has long been a fundamental principle of medical ethics. Claude Bernard extended it to the realm of research, saying that one should not injure one person regardless of the benefits that might come to others. However, even avoiding harm requires learning what is harmful; and, in the process of obtaining this information, persons may be exposed to risk of harm. Further, the Hippocratic Oath requires physicians to benefit their patients "according to their best judgment." Learning what will in fact benefit may require exposing persons to risk. The problem posed by these imperatives is to decide when it is justifiable to seek certain benefits despite the risks involved, and when the benefits should be foregone because of the risks. The obligations of beneficence affect both individual investigators and society at large, because they extend both to particular research projects and to the entire enterprise of research. In...
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...HIPAA Privacy Rule as it Relates to Research Roshontae Henley Holy Names University HIPAA Privacy Rule as it Relates to Research Since the earliest days of nursing, respect for patient privacy and confidentiality has been the building blocks to a successful nurse-patient relationship. Currently, it has become a careful piece in the researcher-participant relationship. Privacy and confidentiality are the most important issues in research ethics. Due to our computer aged society, protection of research participant's privacy has fused a great challenge. Researchers, Institutional Review Boards (IRBs), and administrators have their hands full with all the privacy and confidentiality matters that are essential to research. As nurses, we are familiar with the health insurance portability act (HIPAA) as it relates to healthcare. Considerably, the focus of this paper is to expand our knowledge of how maintaining confidentiality and protecting privacy in the research setting has influenced the HIPAA privacy rule. Privacy is defined as freedom from damaging publicity, public scrutiny, secret surveillance, or unauthorized disclosure of one's personal data or information, as by a government, corporation, or individual (Dictionary.com, 2015, figure 3). Privacy means a person has control over the extent, timing, and circumstances of sharing themselves with others. It relates to a participant's disclosure of information to a researcher. On the other hand, confidentiality is the act...
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...AH Biotech What would you do? 1. Do the clinical trials in Albania. You’ll be able to bring the drug to market faster and cheaper, which will be good for AH Biotech’s employees and investors and good for the millions of people who suffer from anxiety attacks. I don’t agree with this option because even it is good for AH biotech Company, but for those how are in Albania suffering from anxiety attacks will stop there free treatment and cannot afford after marketing the Drug and it will be difficult for them to buy it as they are poor people. 2. Do the clinical trials in the United States. Even though it will certainly be more expensive and time-consuming, you’ll feel as if you’re living up to the part of the Hippocratic Oath that instructed you to “prescribe regimens for the good of my patients according to my ability and my judgment and never do harm to anyone.” In my view this is the best option for hassan, even though it is expensive to conduct the tests in the US, because the based clinical studies are far more stronger and in turn will give the company higher returns in the future, also the patients in the US can afford the treatment after the initial free doses are given by the investigators because of the insurance system in place. 3. Do the clinical trials in Albania, and if the drug is approved, use part of the profits to set up a compassionate use program in Albania, even though setting up a distribution system and training doctors to...
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...Military Detainees and Physician Ethics Submitted by Wendy Andersen Prepared for Denise Haynes ME1420 Medical Law and Ethics UMA November 11, 2013 CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORSHIP: I certify that I am the author. I have cited all sources from which I used data, ideas, or words, either quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify that this paper was prepared by me specifically for this course. ME1420 Medical Law and Ethics Military Detainees and Physician Ethics The article I have chosen for this paper is entitled “U.S. Military Doctors Abetted Prisoner Abuse, Study Says” and comes from the November 4, 2013 edition of the Chicago Tribune. This article caught my attention because it deals with the events that happened September 11, 2001 and medical ethics both. Both of these issues hit close to home for me and are very important issues. This article talks of the detainees who were unethically and immorally abused during interrogations over the past dozen years relating to the events of September 11, 2001 in New York. These interrogations are stated to have taken place in Afghanistan, Iraq, at secret CIA prisons, and Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base. According to the study, doctors just stood by while the abusive interrogations took place. In some instances the doctors would intervene, but why or how often is not mentioned. I do believe there were some respect issues where this abuse is concerned. The doctors may have been made to feel like if they...
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