...to Cost Ratio: AMD vs. Intel United in the race to revolutionize the way computers drive our era, Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), and Integrated Electronics (Intel) stand as beacons in the ever changing mist of intuition and unmeasured evolution. No matter whether you choose AMD or Intel the question at hand never changes, “What quality for what price?” Quality and expense derive the fundamental balance of performance at a reasonable price. The performance to cost ratio, even though consciously imperceptible, maintains the scales of reasonability in the grand compendium of computer structure. History has shown us that moving forward is the only way to succeed. With the founding of AMD in 1969 and Intel in 1968, these two corporations have gained strength and have shown immense prowess in the computer industry. Both companies, in their own way, have given society the best in our radically changing era. With Intel providing their products with end-user ease in mind, and AMD opening new doors to end-user personalization, both of these companies give a wide range of specialized products. With a price range as vast as the products each produce, there is a plethora of potential component combinations to match all socioeconomic classes. Keeping in mind the components each of these companies produce, to say one is better than the other is an opinion I do not wish to convey, rather I would give each of these giants the dues they deserve. Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) – Brings a new...
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...Advanced Micro Devices (AMD): Strategic Plan for Managing Technological Innovation TM 583 – Section C Professor Edmead 8/21/10 Section 1 – Strategy TCO F – Given an organizational and industry context, identify and suggest a deployment strategy that will facilitate the success of a technologically-driven organization. Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), founded 1968, in Sunnyvale, California is a producer of Central Processing Units (CPUs), the main computing component in modern computers. AMD’s primary capability is the design and engineering of consumer, workstation, and server CPUs. Initially, AMD competed with Intel by reverse-engineering the original 8080 processors and then creating their own x386 variant, but a lack of funding stymied sustained, long-term innovation (Valich 2008). In many ways, this scenario is quite indicative of the role AMD has played throughout its history: the underdog. They leveraged their core competencies of microprocessor engineering by assimilating the designs and processes of competitors and then building upon that knowledge to create profitable (usually) products and services. However, AMD has experienced PR missteps (like the Phenom I TLB bug debacle on an already late-to-market product) from which they have struggled to recover. In order to re-gain the confidence of partners, suppliers, and consumers, AMD must prove, once again, that it’s not the size of the dog in the fight, but the size of the fight in the dog. 2 Looking toward...
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...AMD as a Company History Customers should come first, at every stage of a company’s activities. This customer driven approach to doing business was at the core of AMD’s founding in 1969 and remains the central focus of the company’s policy today. Advanced Micro Devices was founded in 1969 by a group of former executives from Fairchild Semiconductor. The company began by exclusively designing and producing microprocessors and slowly building on their core competencies to foray into other computer hardware. In 1975, AMD introduced a reverse-engineered clone of the Intel 8080 microprocessor. Even then Intel chip architecture was considered the industry standard. AMD’s laggard position in the industry can be traced all the way back to the beginning. Throughout the seventies AMD diversified its product portfolio into graphics, audio devices, and computer memory. AMD achieved minor success in the 1980s by briefly competing in the modem industry. At the time, AMD manufactured the only modem compatible with the various idiosyncrasies of the different telephone companies. In the late eighties AMD decided to devote its focus mainly to designing and manufacturing microchips. The company chose to compete directly with Intel and their established chip architecture. AMD acquired ATI Technologies in 2006, marking the company’s serious entry into the graphics industry. AMD’s jump into graphics got off to a rocky start. Later that year, AMD and its main rival in the graphics industry, NVIDIA...
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...关键词拍卖方式 广告竞价排名的算法并不那么简单，直观。很多人可能和我最初的想法一样，对某一个关键词出价最高的广告主的广告排第一，次高的排在第二，比如对“处理器”这个关键词，Intel出价5美元，AMD出价3美元，那么用户搜索“处理器”时看到有Intel和AMD的广告时，它点Intel的广告，Intel就要为搜索引擎公司付费5美元，如果点AMD的，则AMD付费3美元。 如果你这么想，也没错太多，只是不足够好，这种方式术语叫“一阶密封价格拍卖”( first-price, sealed-bid auction)，密封的价格是指广告主之间不知道对方的出价( 即Intel和AMD不知道对方的出价 )，不同于电影中常看到的公开拍卖，它的术语叫公开增价拍卖( open ascending bid auction )。一阶价格拍卖是由GoTo公司提出， GoTo靠这种商业模式曾经达到过市值30亿美元，但它被Yahoo!收购的时候卖了16.3亿( 《浪潮之巅》134页有更详细的描述 )。 前面说一阶密封价格拍卖不够好，现在讲一下原因，现在假设Intel要彻底要铲除AMD公司( 《浪潮之巅》第5章讨论了Intel和AMD的关系，很有意思 )，如果大家都用一种搜索引擎，这种搜索引擎用的是一阶密封价格拍卖，如果AMD的广告每点5次就会有一个点击者被广告打动，买AMD的CPU，AMD每卖一个CPU可以收入15美元，再假设AMD可能会出价1美元投关键词“AMD”，简单的计算，点5次付广告费5美元，收入15美元，15-5美元，纯收入10美元。出于恶意，Intel公司也买“AMD”关键词，出价4美元，并把搜索页面前几页的广告全买下来，以这种方式封杀AMD广告。它如果投自己的广告也差不多是5次有一个点击者被打动买它的CPU，它的利润与AMD差不多，那它这样做就会亏本，如果它不想以本伤人，毕竟世界上并不是就Intel和AMD两家会生产CPU。它可以把广告词写上一些用户不太可能点的内容，比如它可以陷害Coca Cola公司，写上“Life Begins Here”。 首先AMD是遭殃了，搜索AMD的人完全看不到AMD的广告，而Intel并没有很多损失，因为很少有人在关注CPU的时候去点关于Coca Cola的广告。也许这时你还没看出有什么不对，你或许会说AMD可以起诉Intel，或是用相同的方法封杀Intel广告。但我还没提到最大的输家，它就是搜索引擎公司，两个广告者在斗气，相互封杀广告，但投出去的广告都是完全不相关的，没用户去点击，那么索引引擎公司根本就赚不了钱了。 其次还有一个在法律和道德范围之外的缺点，也就是两个广告主都是有着正常人格的人。我这里借用参考资料【1】中的例子：假设广告主A会为关键词Coffee最多付$1，广告主B会为同样的关键词Coffee最多付费$0.74。如果B以一个尽可能低的出价开始，假设$0.10，那么A广告主会出价0.11就可以得到第一个广告位。广告主B会做出出价0.12的反应，以此以往。一旦A出价$0.75，B不会再跟着出价$0.76，因为B认为Coffee这个关键词只值0.74。如果要得到第二个广告位，B只需要出价$0.10。A只需要出价$0.11就可以得到第一个广告位了，这样循环就开始了，参见下图： Google的AdWords平台开发者改变了这种竞价方式，他们设计了一种更稳定的二阶价格拍卖(second price auction )，在二阶价格拍卖中，出价最高的广告主只需要付出价次高的价格再加一个零头$0.01。 这时，广...
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...operating systems. Each group require to: 1. Draw and explain in brief the evolution of both operating systems from the beginning up to today. Explanations may include : a. Year of release b. Version release c. Features 2. Compare between this two very popular Operating Systems, Windows VS Linux in terms of : a. Memory management 1. Focus on how both operating systems handle their memory management especially on virtual memory. To support your research, you may include relevant scenario of how memory being access. 2. Explain any limitation of maximum or minimum memory required by each operating systems especially on 64bit or 32bit architecture 3. Compare and recommend which operating systems utilize its memory more efficient in terms of: i. Normal usage (everyday usage by normal user) ii. Server usage (server environment) b. Process management 4. Focus on how both operating systems handle their process management when it comes to many processes request for CPU resources. You may include relevant scenario. 5. Explain the operating system effect with various CPU type (Intel i7, Intel Xeon AMD, SPARC, etc) 6. Compare and recommend which operating systems utilize its processor more efficient in terms of: iii. Normal usage (everyday usage by normal user) iv. Server usage (server environment) c. As part of the comparison, you may...
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...INTRODUCTION Imagine a world where individuals can provide a good or service to consumers, and in return be compensated. They might do a very good job and even make a considerable profit. Other individuals, seeing the success of this industry, would try to enter the market in order to compete. This idea is the very basis of free market and capitalist economies. But sometimes there are situations where an individual will have a product or service that is better, cheaper, or quicker than everyone else; so much so that they are the only ones that can effectively provide it. When this occurs, competing businesses and giant government entities will stop at nothing to shut it down. The Sherman Antitrust Act, the Clayton Act, and the Federal Trade Commission Act make up the current US antitrust laws. The antitrust laws are supposed to promote and protect competition. The philosophy behind the laws is that trusts and monopolies will stagnate markets and prevent others from engaging in healthy market competition. A monopoly is defined as a situation in which a single company owns all or nearly all of the market for a given type of product or service. (Investorwords, 2010) Antitrust law legislation started with the Sherman Act that was passed in 1890. The intent of the law was put in place to challenge the unchecked growth of corporations. By 1888, large corporations gained enough market muscle to dominate entire industries. The Sherman Act outlaws all contracts, combinations,...
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...Linux has grown in popularity and capability over the years, but is it competitive with its competition. In this paper an overview of the Linux 2.6 Operating System (OS) and how it functions/performs on the technical level will be discussed. Comparisons to other retail OSs such as, Windows, Mac OS X, and prior versions of Linux will be used to show the strengths and weaknesses of this OS. “Linux was created by a student (Linus Torvalds) in Helsinki in 1991 with the assistance of developers from around the world. Linux is free, it shares its work with everyone — including competitors — and its business model is motivated primarily by adrenaline, altruism, and peer respect rather than by money. Yet, Linux's functionality, adaptability and robustness has made it the main alternative for proprietary operating systems, especially where budgets are a main concern.” (OEDB, 2007). As it is stated above Torvalds creation was a key proponent in creating the Open Source Movement, which has paved the way for the many distributions of the Linux Kernel. In the beginning Linus Torvalds was an IT student with the desire to test the limits of his current computer. During this time Torvalds was working with the MINIX OS which was create to be a cheap alternative to UNIX. Torvalds wanted to modify the kernel of MINIX and found that this was not possible so he began to create Linux. In the beginning Linux did not offer a lot of features and seemed to be lacking in ability (Diedrich, 2011)...
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... | |Case: Intel Corp. | |Objective: This case covers a wide range of financial policy issues: the competitive dynamics of innovation; the appropriate capital | |structure for a firm in a highly innovative business; the fundamentals of cash disbursement policy; common stock repurchases; and | |consideration of more complex hybrid securities. Intel needs to change its financial policies as they grow/mature into a cash cow from a | |startup. The case revolves around an understanding of the Microprocessor Industry. From a market structure perspective the case deals with the| |advantages and disadvantages of being a first-mover vs. being a second-mover. The competitive role of financial flexibility must be addressed.| |Finally, what are the major issues associated with holding cash (costs and benefits)? Again several financial management issues must be | |addressed. There are tax issues, agency issues, signaling issues, timing issues, just to start. The dynamics of cash disbursement policies, | |particularly dividends and stock repurchases must be treated holistically. | Executive Summary The subject of this Harvard Business School case analysis is the Intel Corporation (NASDAQ: INTC) from its creation...
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...Information Systems MN5121 Competing with IS Yasaman Soltan-Zadeh y.soltan-zadeh@rhul.ac.uk Office: MX 120 Competing with IS • Does IT Matter? • IS and Competitive Advantage • The New Competitive Paradigm Does IT Matter? • Can IT provide a strategic advantage? • Is it sustainable? • Carr, Nicholas (2003), “IT doesn’t matter”, Harvard Business Review, May 2003, pp. 41-49. – “As information technology’s power and ubiquity have grown, its strategic importance has diminished. The way you approach IT investment and management will need to change dramatically” (Carr, 2003) IT Doesn’t Matter! • Information Technology: – Proprietary Technology vs. Infrastructural Technology • The Commoditization of IT – Transport mechanism – more valuable shared rather than isolated – Interconnectivity and interoperability – Standardisation of technology and homogenisation of its functionality – Highly replicable – Rapid price deflation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PO2dCaaSDk8 IT Doesn’t Matter! • From Offence to Defence – Spend less – Follow, don’t lead – Focus on vulnerabilities, not opportunities Does IT matter? • Inherently strategic because of indirect effects • Creates possibilities and options that did not exist before • May become ubiquitous! The insight to harness the potential is not distributed evenly. Does IT matter? Three broad lessons • Extracting value from IT requires innovations in business practices. • IT’s economic impacts comes from incremental...
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...CHAPTER 1 ORGANIZATIONAL ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION This chapter tackles about the company background, including its history, vision, mission, goals, and organizational plan. It briefly describes the view of business organization and ICT situation. Also, a proposed strategic plan has been given a glimpse, in account to the company concerns and information systems covered. Company Background * HISTORY 2Peng Internet Café started to operate last April 2008 at Dahlia St. Phase 1, Garden Villas, Santa Rosa Laguna. It was established by Christopher V. de Leon and his wife. The computer shop started with 2 PCs under the stair case in their own house. At first, this serves as their family business and a source of income only. Their capital was only P1, 500 for the computers and used Smart Wireless Internet Connection. They then bought 4 units of second hand Pentium 4 computers. Later, they decided to sell all the computer units and added another capital to invest for 9 brand new PCs. This June 2014, they expanded their business and moved to Savemore Garden Villas 3, owning 38 brand new computers costing for about P25, 000 per unit. * VISION To expand the business and to teach others to invest in the new generation. * MISSION To build a gaming community and to show that gaming does not make gamers a violent people. * STRATEGIC PLAN (Goals) 2Peng’s number on goal is to be the first computer and to be the leading computer shop in Garden Villas 3. To achieve this...
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...TERM PAPER NAND and NOR Flash Memory -by Shashank Chaudhay 2010EE10480 Abstract- This term paper is an introduction to the flash memory devices both NAND and NOR. This includes - history of flash memory - how it works - NOR flash memory type - NAND flash memory type - differences between them - limitations of flash memory 1. Introduction Two main technologies dominate the non-volatile flash memory market today: NOR and NAND. Flash memory (both NOR and NAND types) was invented by Dr. Fujio Masuoka while working for Toshiba circa 1980. According to Toshiba, the name "flash" was suggested by Dr. Masuoka's colleague, Mr. Shōji Ariizumi, because the erasure process of the memory contents reminded him of the flash of a camera. NOR flash was first introduced in market by Intel in 1988, revolutionizing a market that was then dominated by EPROM and EEPROM devices. NAND flash architecture was introduced in the market by Toshiba in 1989.Most hardware engineers are not familiar with the differences between these two technologies. In fact, they usually refer to NOR architecture as “flash”, unaware of NAND flash technology and its many benefits over NOR. This is mainly due to the fact that most flash devices are used to store and run code (usually small), for which NOR flash is the default choice. Unlike Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Flash memory is non-volatile. Non-volatile memory retains data even without being powered-on. For example, when a computer...
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...{isen,ljohn}@ece.utexas.edu, ejohn@utsa.edu 2 Abstract. The contentious debates between RISC and CISC have died down, and a CISC ISA, the x86 continues to be popular. Nowadays, processors with CISC-ISAs translate the CISC instructions into RISC style micro-operations (eg: uops of Intel and ROPS of AMD). The use of the uops (or ROPS) allows the use of RISC-style execution cores, and use of various micro-architectural techniques that can be easily implemented in RISC cores. This can easily allow CISC processors to approach RISC performance. However, CISC ISAs do have the additional burden of translating instructions to micro-operations. In a 1991 study between VAX and MIPS, Bhandarkar and Clark showed that after canceling out the code size advantage of CISC and the CPI advantage of RISC, the MIPS processor had an average 2.7x advantage over the studied CISC processor (VAX). A 1997 study on Alpha 21064 and the Intel Pentium Pro still showed 5% to 200% advantage for RISC for various SPEC CPU95 programs. A decade later and after introduction of interesting techniques such as fusion of micro-operations in the x86, we set off to compare a recent RISC and a recent CISC processor, the IBM POWER5+ and the Intel Woodcrest. We find that the SPEC CPU2006 programs are divided between those showing an advantage on POWER5+ or Woodcrest, narrowing down the 2.7x advantage to nearly 1.0. Our study points to the fact that if aggressive micro-architectural techniques for ILP and high performance can...
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...markets. Apple also sells operating systems, utilities, languages, developer tools, and database software. California-based Apple Computer aims its colorful iMac (desktop) and iBook (laptop) computers at the consumer and education markets. It targets high-end consumers and professionals involved in design and publishing with its more powerful G4 portable and desktop computers. Apple also makes publishing and multimedia software, and offers Internet services such as Web page hosting. The company's FileMaker subsidiary makes database software. Once the world's top PC maker, Apple Computer has been relegated to niche status in a market dominated by "Wintel" machines (computers using Microsoft Windows software and Intel processors). Macintosh computers (Macs) forgo the Intel Pentium for processors made by IBM and Motorola. Apple has offered unique designs such as the colorful iMac that distinguish its computers from their competitors. Looking to attract customers into "the era of the Digital Lifestyle," Apple has conducted a marketing campaign that casts Macs as the centerpiece for a host of digital devices such as cameras, video recorders, and music players. Apple has traditionally maintained popularity in classrooms, Web design shops, and graphic arts studios. Although more than a quarter of its sales are to schools, Apple has felt increasing pressure in that market, particularly from Dell. In an effort to boost its appeal among consumers, the company has...
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...INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF INFORMATICS AND MANAGMENT For partial fulfillment of MBA programme 2011-2013 [pic] CONTEMPORARY REPORT ON “ STRATEGY ANALYSIS OF APPLE CORPORATION AND ITS PRODUCTS” [pic] |Submitted to: |Submitted by: | |Mr.Sandeep Vyas | Neha Singh | |Mr.Rahul Sharma |MBA/11/2065 | | | | CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the project work of market research and analysis in the report entitled “Strategy analysis of apple corporation and its product” is a bonafide work carried out by Ms. Neha singh under my supervision and guidance. The project is submitted for the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Masters of Business Administration. The project is the original work carried out by the Student herself. Date:26/04/2012 Faculty Mentor: Mr.Sandeep Vyas Mr.Rahul Sharma PREFACE This project has been undertaken to understand the strategy of Apple...
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...Running Head: Virtualization How will virtualization change the way government agencies do business in the future? Virtualization Abstract: Server and application virtualization is a hot topic among many government information technology program managers. Today’s government agencies are focusing on reducing expenses while improving the capabilities that information technology provides its customers. This is a difficult task to accomplish with shrinking budgets. A key technology that can help reduce costs in multiple ways is virtualization. Virtualization is the creation of a virtual (rather than actual) version of something, such as an operating system, a server, a storage device or network resources. There are many advantages and disadvantages associated with virtualization. Each government agency that is considering virtualization needs to investigate both aspects and make the informed decision according to their business needs and their customers. Depending on the environment that some agencies operate in, virtualization may not be a logical or realistic choice for many of its information technology needs due to security policies that may be in effect. This is especially true within the intelligence community (IC) and Department of Defense (DoD) where they are required to keep different security classifications of data physically separated. Even though system security classification and policy effect government IT environments, the emergence...
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