...What causes PCOS? PCOS is caused by an imbalance in the hormones (chemical messengers) in your brain and your ovaries. PCOS usually happens when a hormone called LH (from the pituitary gland) or levels of insulin (from the pancreas) are too high, which then causes the ovaries to make extra amounts of testosterone Resistance to insulin Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas to control the amount of sugar in the blood. It helps to move glucose from blood into cells, where it's broken down to produce energy. Insulin resistance means the body's tissues are resistant to the effects of insulin. The body therefore has to produce extra insulin to compensate. High levels of insulin cause the ovaries to produce too much testosterone, which interferes...
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...referred to as hormones which act as “chemical messengers” in an effort to regulate particular bodily functions such as metabolism and growth. These hormones are produced by the pancreas, thyroid, pituitary, pineal, and adrenal glands which are also referred to as the endocrine system. Hormones are additionally produced in the ovaries in women and the testes in men. The secretions of particular hormones assist the body in maintaining a state of balance or homeostasis. When one or more hormones within the body are produced in excess, or if there is a lack of a particular hormone, physical and/or emotional problems are likely to develop. The field of biopsychology has allowed researchers to formulate medications which can assist individuals who are experiencing imbalances in neurotransmitters/hormones, to function at “normal” levels. Illnesses and conditions such as depression, schizophrenia and insomnia are caused by these imbalances however; the fluctuations of these chemicals on a daily basis can also cause mood swings, behavioral changes and problems with cognition in individuals who do not suffer from these more serious conditions. Specific patterns of behavior are associated with hormone levels, for instance; men and women have certain levels of both estrogen and testosterone within their bodies. A higher level of testosterone in men creates physical and emotional characteristics which are considered to be distinctively “male” while a higher level of estrogen in women is what...
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...ovulation disorder of the ovaries in women, with a common symptom of infertility, is known today as a condition called Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, or PCOS. It is the result of an imbalance of the hormones estrogen and progesterone in the ovaries. As a result, the imbalance produces the growth of benign masses or ovarian cysts. In addition, PCOS can cause irregular menstrual cycles, infertility, overproduction of insulin, and weight gain. PCOS affects approximately five million women in the United States between the ages of 15 and 44 (womenshealth.gov)....
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...which was causing them to suffer from depression. Each individual that deals with depression is affect by a different level and may be missing a certain chemical over another. Reference: France, C. M., Lysaker, P. H., & Robinson, R. P. (2007). The "chemical imbalance" explanation for depression: Origins, lay endorsement, and clinical implications. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38(4), 411-420. doi:10.1037/0735-7028.38.4.411 Argument 1: When individuals think about depression there are many things that come to mind, can it be controlled, is it a chemical imbalance, or are people just making it up for attention? It really all comes down to men and women develop differently and hormones enter their brains at different rate and times. When are more apt to be depressed as adults due to the way that their hormones operate, also the social status of a woman compared to a man has always been lower and a women is always battling to overcome this. During childbearing years women are more prone to depression and anxiety than men but after child bearing years women face more psychotic illness due to the lack of estrogen in their system. With all of this information one can see how chemical imbalance can most definitely...
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...What is PCOS? PCOS is called polycystic ovary syndrome, and it is a syndrome that affects a large number of women, whether they know it or not. What is PCOS exactly? It is a hormonal disorder that causes the ovaries to enlarge with small cysts on the outer edge. There is no known exact cause of this disorder, but most of the symptoms occur from hormone imbalances. With the excess of insulin that is produced, sometimes an increased production of androgens happens and causes trouble with ovulation. Androgens are hormones that influence sex-related characteristics, so having an excess amount that the ovaries produce can result in having acne, hirsutism (which is excess facial and body hair) and could even cause reproductive dysfunction. This...
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...Syndrome or (PCOS) is a common condition in women of reproductive ages. Up to 70% of women with PCOS remain undiagnosed. Infertility is the most common symptom of PCOS. Polycystic ovary syndrome causes irregular menstrual cycles excessive body or facial hair and polycystic ovaries as the main symptom. Women with PCOS produce higher amounts of a male hormones known as androgen which contribute to some of the symptoms of the condition. Polycystic ovary syndrome is a constellation of symptoms rather then a specific disease and the cause or causes are not completely understood. Interestingly the ovaries may develop cysts but that is not necessary for the diagnosis polycystic ovary syndrome. Many females that suffer from PCOS...
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...present in many different ways. Hormonal imbalance in the human body can cause an individual to question their true gender. The human body produces hormones which act as “chemical messengers” to try to regulate certain bodily functions like metabolism and growth. These hormones are produced in the endocrine system which includes the adrenal, pancreas, pineal, pituitary, and thyroid glands and manage things like puberty, growth, and physical changes. Hormones help the body maintain homeostasis or a state of balance within the body. When the body produces to much or to little of a hormone it can cause both physical and emotional problems. What are the interactions between hormones and do these interactions affect determination of gender identity? Hormones are responsible for sexual dimorphism (phenotypic sex differences) in the structure of the body and its organs. For example, hormones affect the internal sex organs, including genitals, and secondary sex characteristics that can operate to influence a person's behavior. Thus some research indicates that hormones are responsible for the gender makeup that acts as determinants of feminine and masculine traits. In addition, hormones affect behavior by interacting with the nervous system through androgens during prenatal development. Thus, sex hormones affect the adult nervous system, which in turn influence physiological processes and behavior. Hormones influence sex in two ways: by influencing...
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...new mother feeling sad, anxious, afraid and confused. For many women, these feelings, which are known as baby blues, go away fairly quickly. But when they do not go away or rather they get worse, a woman may be experiencing the effects of postpartum depression (PPD). Abrupt hormone withdrawal is the most obvious change in immediate postpartum, but clues to the mood disturbance may lie in the deregulation of neuroendocrine systems, including how hormones affect neurotransmitters and their actions within the brain. The baby blues are common for numerous reasons. The baby’s crying and the mother’s interrupted sleep and breast-feeding are enough to make any woman feel irritable if not overwhelmed. The onset of postpartum depression, on the other hand, is believed to be caused by chemical imbalances in the brain; specifically shifts in hormone levels. According to postpartum Support International (PSI), the theory to date suggests that a sharp drop in estrogen and progesterone following delivery is the culprit.1 Ovarian steroids play an important regulatory role in a women’s general sense of wellbeing. Studies have found significant positive correlations between the onset of PPD and postpartum withdrawal of estrogen and progesterone levels.2 Aside from estrogen’s many roles in our developmental health, it is also known to be a neuro-stimulant with anti-depressive effects. High levels of estrogen produce an imbalance in the system that aggravates symptoms of anxiety. On the other...
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...serotonin, acetylcholine, and dopamine receptor binding and signaling, accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles, and altered concentrations of various brain metabolites. Cumulatively, these changes give rise to a variety of symptoms associated with aging, such as forgetfulness, decreased ability to maintain focus, and decreased problem solving capability. If left unchecked, symptoms oftentimes progress into more serious conditions, such as dementia and depression, or even Alzheimer’s disease. Cognitive decline does not affect all individuals equally; clear associations exist between the rate and severity of cognitive decline and a variety of factors, including oxidative stress and free radical damage, chronic low-level inflammation, declining hormone levels, endothelial dysfunction, excess body weight, suboptimal nutrition, lifestyle, social network, other medical conditions, and various biomarkers. Fortunately, many of these factors are modifiable to a significant extent, and proactive lifestyle changes, cognitive training, and nutritional interventions have been shown to decrease the rate of intellectual decay and potentially reverse age-related cognitive decline. The Aging Brain The aging process profoundly impacts the brain in ways that can be observed on multiple levels, ranging from sub-cellularly to macro-structurally. On a diminutive scale, aging causes deterioration of neuronal and mitochondrial membranes, which leads to the loss of cellular integrity and impaired neuronal...
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...Stunting Facts on Human Growth Hormone * Human growth hormone is commonly referred to as HGH. It is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland to help the body grow and develop into adulthood. It is partly responsible for regulating metabolism. This hormone helps to improve bone density, muscle mass, and essentially help us grow. As we age, the production of this hormone decreases (*Crenshaw, 2011). . * HGH has been proven to help with the effects of Osteoporosis. It increases bone production, therefore increasing bone mass. This hormone seems to reverse the effects of aging by decreasing weight gain from hormone imbalance, increasing bone mass, and increasing the capacity of the lungs for exercise. HGH increases sharpness of the brain as well as energy intensity (*Bond, 2011). * Women and men experience many adverse side effects from taking HGH supplements. Women can suffer from stroke, heart disease, blood clots, manly attributes, leukemia, and even acne (*Crenshaw, 2011). * There are several human growth hormone supplements offered directly to consumers. Some of these products are approved by the FDA while others are not. The claims on the products are what sell them, whether they are approved or not. Three of the top rated supplements are Secratatropin HGH, Avatropin, and Humovox. Secratatropin HGH sells for a retail price of $139.95 and claims to increase HGH production without having any side-effects. Avatropin retails at $99.99 and claims to promote HGH...
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...Hyperthyroidism according to The Mayo Clinic (2015), is a condition in which your thyroid gland produces too much of the hormone thyroxine. In simple terms the thyroid becomes over active. This will increase the body’s metabolism in which a variety of symptoms may occur. These symptoms range from weight-loss, anxiety, fatigue, and heart rate and blood pressure increase. The patient can receive treatments such as, radioactive iodine, anti-thyroid medications, tyroidectomy, and beta blockers (symptom relief only). Those people who are more at risk are women, and those above the age of sixty. Also, a diet high in iodine, salt water fish consumption, can lead to hyperthyroidism. Grave’s disease, an autoimmune disorder is the most common cause of...
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...procedures a person must go through to become comfortable with their body and how it might be differed for different people According an article to CNN, the total cost from transitioning can range from $100,000 to $140,450. Some insurances cover the hormone treatment and part of the sex changed surgery, but they don’t cover the cost of breast implants or breast removal in the case of trans men, the different surgeries for body and face, or the hair removal. Some of these procedures can cost out of pocket up to $100,000. Therefore, it takes a long time for an average America to save this amount of money, so it becomes a slow process for the majority of transgender individuals....
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...-Depression usually begins in teens, 20s or 30s but it can happen at any age -More common in women but it might be because women are more likely to seek treatment -Women, regardless of nationality, race, ethnicity, or socioeconomic (relating to or concerned with the interaction of social and economic factors) level, have twice the rate of depression than men Risk Factors: * Depression that started as a teen or child * History of anxiety disorder, borderline personality disorder or posttraumatic stress disorder * Alcohol/illegal drug abuse * Having low self-esteem and being overly dependent, self-critical or pessimistic (tending to see the worst aspect of things or believe the worst will happen) * Certain medications: some high blood pressure meds or sleeping pills * Traumatic or stressful events such as: physical/sexual abuse, loss of a loved one, a difficult relationship or financial problems * Blood relatives with a history of depression, bipolar disorder, alcoholism or suicide Major depressive disorder affects nearly 15 million Americans in a given year. MAJOR RISK FACTORS- being female, being African-American and living in poverty. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Causes: It is not known exactly what causes depression but a variety of factors may be involved such as: * Biological differences. People with depression appear to have physical changes...
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...that affects a lot of people in the United States. Women are mostly affected but men are also affected. This paper will discuss all the signs and symptoms, treatments, diet plans and a lot of other information about the disorder. This paper also discusses exactly what the disorder does and how it affects people. This disorder is very interesting. Thyroid disorders are very hard to diagnose because they have vague symptoms until the disease has reached a severe level. The thyroid is a small gland in our necks that control growth repair and metabolism. The thyroid gland uses iodine to produce hormones throughout our body. According to Ignatavicius and Workman If our thyroid is not working properly it is hard to maintain adequate health. Women are more susceptible to suffer from thyroid disorders. If you have a low functioning thyroid you suffer from a disorder call hypothyroidism. This condition can originate in the thyroid or the pituitary gland. (Ignatavicius, D. D., & Workman, M. L 2013.) Hypothyroidism results when the thyroid fails to secrete an adequate amount of the thyroid hormone. (Ignatavicius, D. D., & Workman, M. L 2013.)This condition may form in the thyroid or in the pituitary. The most common cause of this disorder in the United States is Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis, which is an inherited disorder. In this disorder the thyroid is enlarged and it has a decreased ability to make thyroid hormones. Hashimoto’s is an autoimmune disease in which the...
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...examination, the physician notes that, while not pronounced, Julie’s eyes seem larger, and her reflexes are excitable. The physician decides to send Julie to an endocrinologist for a consultation. 1. What does an endocrinologist specialize in? An endocrinologist specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases related to hormones and the endocrine system that secretes these hormones (Nordqvist, 2014). 2. Define hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is when your thyroid makes too much thyroid hormone (Web MD, 2015). This speeds everything up from your metabolism to your heart beat. 3. Which of Julie’s signs an symptoms are compatible with hyperthyroidism? The signs and symptoms that she is experiencing are anxiousness, excitability, weight loss, insomnia, and gastrointestinal instability. 4. Does Julie show signs and symptoms specific to Grave’s disease? Yes, Grave’s disease is a common cause for hyperthyroidism and is most common in young women (Nowak 470). 5. Why might Julie be mistakenly thinking she has a “double chin”? Julie is most likely suffering from Goiter. Goiter is typical of thyroid hypersecretion as the thyroid is enlarged due to the excess hormone (Nowak 470). 6. What is the doctor concerned with when they notices that Julie has “large eyes”? Grave’s disease is attacking the muscles and tissue around the eyes. This can affect the patient’s vision and can cause long-term damage to the eyes. 7. If Grave’s disease is confirmed, what is the most likely treatment...
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