...Migration * According to anthropologists, where did the first human beings live? Why did they leave that place? How did they get to North America? According to anthropologists the first human beings lived in Ethiopia, Africa around 2 million years ago for example: Lucy known as the oldest human found there. The most probable reason why the first human left Africa is because of the Ice Age. The cold made life so difficult to survive and somehow reduced in their population. They went through a land bridge, which existed to connect North America and Asia during the Ice Age. * What was the Columbian Exchange? How did the Columbian Exchange affect Europe? How did it affect North America? The Columbian Exchange is basically understand as the exchange in foods, animals, plants as well as diseases between the New World (North America) and the Old World (Europe) followed after the discovery of America by Columbus. The Columbian Exchange affected both world in many ways. For Europe, it brings avocado, potato, tomato, corn, beans, tobacco, turkeys as positive effects and the negative effect are diseases like tuberculosis and syphilis. For North America, positive effects: coffee beans, olive, banana, sugar cane, grape, sheep, pig, horse. And the negative effects impact North America are: smallpox, chickenpox, measles etc… * Name four groups of people who migrated to British North America in the 17th century. Why did each of those groups migrate? Virginia Settlement...
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...in the 13 colonies The England colonies The Geography: The new england colonies included Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island. All of this information was from the time period of 1638 till 1776. The Massachusetts Colony was located in the england colony. It is one of the original 13 colonies. It is located on the Atlantic coast of North America. The Massachusetts Colony was part of the New England Colonies. Now we have the U.S. state of Massachusetts. The Connecticut Colony was one of the original 13 colonies. It was located on the Atlantic coast of North America. The Connecticut Colony was known as one of the New England Colonies. Now we have the U.S. state of Connecticut. The New Hampshire Colony was one of the original 13 colonies located on the Atlantic coast of North America. Now we have the U.S. state of New Hampshire. The Rhode Island Colony was one of the original 13 colonies located on the Atlantic coast of North America. The Rhode Island Colony was known as one of the New England Colonies. Now we have the U.S. state of Rhode Island. The agriculture: Subsistence farming is farming enough food for just your family to live off of. The ground was rocky and not good to crops in the...
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...Original Colonies is one of the most important events in history. England started settling in North America, founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony, created the Thirteen Colonies, and eventually created the United States of America. Once the Americas were discovered many countries wanted to settle here, including England. The King of England founded the Catholic Church, and the Pilgrims wanted to separate and move to North America, where they settled in Plymouth Virginia. Along the way they created the Mayflower Compact, which became the first English legal agreement in the USA. Years later, in 1629, the non-separatists got a royal charter to form Massachusetts Bay Colony. They wanted to escape attacks by conservatives in the Church of England. A year later one-thousand people set off in eleven well-stocked ships. Once landed in North America, they set up a colony with Boston as a Hub. John Winthrop, a well-off attorney and Manor lord in England. He was a model of Christian charity, and became first Governor of Massachusetts. He believed he had a calling from God to lead Massachusetts. He served as Governor of Massachusetts for 19 years. When England created colonies in North America and people started moving here, their life span increased to 70 years because of the lack of...
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...Urban Indian North America Mourning Wars – When Europeans came over and started interaction and trades with Indians, they affected Indians by brought diseases, which resulted in deaths of large amounts of Indians. Those deaths were devastating for Indians and resulted in mourning wars. When Indian communities lost members to disease or warfare, they often kidnapped neighboring enemies in mourning wars, adopting the women and children into their own community and torturing the men, enacting a ritual form of grief. As an example of a mourning war might be “Beavers Wars” (17 century - about 1640). The smallpox brought by Dutch and English killed huge amounts of Indians ( probably more than a half of the population of Iroquois). The lost of such a big amount of people set the Iroquois with other tribes on a warpath and resulted in a war between Huron and Iroquois. Columbian Exchange – when Christopher Columbus discovered the Americas it set in motion a movement of people between Old and New World. Europeans got interested in Americas and its goods. Columbian exchange was a transfer of people, plants, animals, and disease between the Americas and the rest of the world that began during the time of Columbus ( XV century- about 1493). The Columbian Exchange had an impact on European and Indian life. Many unknown goods were exchanged between colonialists and Indians, such as plans (corn, potatoes), animals (ships, lamas, horses), tools (weapons), which changed life for...
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...slavery, and how it affected the history of the United States. Slavery is one person controlling or owning another. Some history experts say it began following the development of farming about ten thousand years ago. People forced prisoners of war to work for them. Other slaves were criminals or people who could not re-pay money they owed. Experts say the first known slaves existed in the Sumerian society of what is now Iraq more than five thousand years ago. Slavery also existed among people in China, India, Africa, the Middle East and the Americas. It expanded as trade and industry increased. This increase created a demand for a labor force to produce goods for export. Slaves did most of the work. Most ancient...
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...Chesapeake and New England colonies Comparison During the early 16th century and into the early 17th century, European colonies rapidly colonized the newly found Americas. England in particular sent large groups to the east coast of North America to two separate regions, which would later become known as the Chesapeake and New England areas. The Chesapeake region included Maryland, Virginia, Pennsylvania, and the New Jerseys. The New England region of the colonies included Rhode Island, Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay Colony, New Haven, and Connecticut. Eventually in the late 1700’s these two regions would come together to form one nation. Both regions were very different and did not share many common ideas. They were different in their views and beliefs on religion, economy, and motives for colonial expansion. In 1609 a group of settlers, led by Captain John Smith, founded Jamestown which became the first colony to thrive and prosper in the New World. The main goal of these Chesapeake settlers was to make money by finding gold, silver, or anything else that they could take back to England and make a profit on. Another goal of theirs was to find a northwest passage to Asia. The New Englanders were mostly puritans who first settled in Plymouth and were driven to the New World in hopes of religious freedom. New Englanders wanted to escape religious persecution rather than make money and grow a rich economy. The living situations between the two colonies were extremely different...
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...Have you ever thought how it would feel to live in place where disease are killing many people, along with trying to get along with the natives and to see evil looks from people that dislike you and your colony? This was the time when many colonists came to the Americas to start a new life, which is a place surrounded by mysteries. These colonists leaders made every effort to build a successful colony. The colonists left England and reached the North American shores in April of 1607. These colonists who move here eventually learn many new things such as gaining leadership skills, and to learn to fulfill expectations. One thing that the colonist learned in the early Jamestown experience was to keep away from casualty. The colonists did not know that what awaited from them was a nightmare. In the Americans textbook, chapter 1, section 3 it states that “...the colonists hoped to find gold to satisfy them.” This means that they thought they could live in wealth but the truth is that life is not that easy when you come to place full of mysteries. These colonists suffered from hunger and diseases called malaria. These colonists were not immune to the disease which caused a lot of death. However John Smith has helped the colonist by teaching them how to farm and also to get support...
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...island San Salvador – Holy Savior. Columbus believed that he had landed in the Indies, a group of islands close to the mainland of India. For this reason he called the friendly, brown-skinned people who greeted him ‘los Indios’ – Indians. In fact, Columbus was not near India. It was not the edge of Asia that he had reached, but islands off the shores of a new continent. Europeans would soon name the continent America, but for many years they went on calling its inhabitants Indians. Only recently have these first Americans been described more accurately as ‘native Americans’ or Amerindians. There were many different groups of Amerindians. Those north of Mexico, in what is now the USA and Canada, were scattered across the grasslands and forests in separate groups called ‘tribes’. These tribes followed very different ways of life. Some were hunters, some were farmers. Some were peaceful, others warlike. They spoke over three hundred separate languages, some of which were as different from one another as English is from Chinese. Europeans called America ‘the New World’. But it was not new to the Amerindians. Their ancestors had already been living there for maybe 50,000 years when Columbus stepped on to the beach in San...
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...DOMINION OF NEW ENGLAND IN THE COLONIAL ERA England had their own troubles at that time. There were international concerns to take care and therefore the need to unite the colonies is one of the priorities in strengthening the country's defense and economy. The Dominion of New England was an effort to achieve an increased authority over the provinces. There were signs for the impending failure of England's plan towards increasing control over the colonies. First, because of the distance of the North America from England and the failure of the crown to foresee the growth of their political system. Second, the growing self-sufficiency of the colonies led them to learn how to effectively run their own affairs. In fact even the royal officials get advice from colonial leaders when appointing local officials. The Dominion of New England occurred in the 16th century initiated by King Charles II and continued by his brother James II. The crown facilitated this efforts by organizing the Lord of Trade which created ideas of increased regulations over the colonies who had been operating their affairs with less or sometimes without interference from England. In the beginning, Charles II planned of dismantling the existing colonial leadership in Massachusetts and assign a crown-appointed governor. When James II succeeded the throne, he implemented a stronger version of control by appointing one governor not just to one but to all New England colonies. The first president of...
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...Introduction It is the year 1628, and you are part of a group of settlers that are just moving to North America. New Life, New School, New friends for you. You are important because you have a charter from the king of England. It allows you New England Settlement What transportation was used to get to New England? As you probably know, back in the 1600s, they didn’t have cars, buses, or anything like that. Many of the colonists came on ships because that was an easy way to get to places. Though you could catch diseases like yellow fever and smallpox which back then, didn’t have a cure, some people lived while others died to fast. Some colonists could have also taken horses, but you would have to be fairly close...
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...this time, European explorers made many daring voyages that changed world history. A major reason for these voyages was the desire to find sea routes to east Asia, which Europeans called the Indies. When Christopher Columbus sailed west across the Atlantic Ocean, he was looking for such a route. Instead, he landed in the Americas. Columbus thought he had reached the Indies. In time, Europeans would realize that he had found what they called the ”New World.” European nations soon rushed to claim lands in the Americas for themselves. Early explorers often suffered terrible hardships. In 1520, Ferdinand Magellan set out with three ships to cross the Pacific Ocean from South America. He had guessed, correctly, that the Indies lay on the other side of the Pacific. But Magellan had no idea how vast the ocean really was. He thought his crew would be sailing for a few weeks at most. Instead, the crossing took three months. While the ships were still at sea, the crew ran out of food. One sailor wrote about this terrible time. “We ate biscuit… swarming with worms…. We drank yellow water that had been putrid [rotten] for days... and often we ate sawdust from boards.” Why did explorers brave such dangers? In this reading, you will discover some of the reasons for the Age of Exploration. Then you will learn about the voyages of explorers from Portugal, Spain, and other European countries. You will also learn about the impact of their discoveries on Europe and on the lands they explored. 2 ...
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...Venture back to the 1700’s, in modern day territories that spanned from Massachusetts, all the way to Maryland, and you will find the early settlers from England that heavily occupied these areas. What is interesting, however, is that these settlers- voyagers from the same land- evolved into two completely different societies. Everything from religion, social class, and political philosophies were different- all possibly rooted in their allegiance to the Crown back home. To the North, or New England Colonies, the settlers occupied Massachusetts Bay Colony, Plymouth, Rhode Island, New Haven, and Connecticut. And to the South, or Chesapeake Region, the settlers occupied Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and New Jersey. Now, let’s get into the nitty-gritty; the “how and why” these two regions were so different. First thing is first. Chesapeake settlers had a majority allegiance to England’s values. These people, by and large, represented the English establishment back home. So, what does this mean? Well, that...
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...Thirteen Colonies Europeans immigrated to the New World seeking religious freedom and personal wealth. The reality that faced the first settlers was a lack of food, new diseases, and communities which punished those who didn’t follow the same religion. The colonists’ response to the challenges they faced relating to religion, climate, industry and trade formed each region’s unique identity. Even though the dominant religion in the thirteen colonies was Christian, toleration of other religions was different in the three regions. New England was settled by Puritan separatists, seeking freedom from persecution in Europe. Ironically, religious freedom did not exist in New England, except in the dissident colony of Rhode Island. In the New England...
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...The colony of Roanoke Island was the first English settlement in the Modern World and was established in the late 1500s by English ruler Sir Walter Raleigh. In this settlement, English Settlers who were about 120 mysteriously disappeared. This was in the time of Anglo-Spanish Battle and was three years after concluding England delivery of supplies. England was under the reign of Queen Elizabeth I who made an attempt of founding a lasting English colony in North America. This vanishing brought about the lost Colony which does not have a definite proof of what happened to the settlers. The Roanoke Island is off the coast of North Carolina. The journey to Roanoke was the second expedition organized by Sir Walter Raleigh. On this Journey, John White, an artist and friend of Raleigh, who had been on the previous expeditions, would lead. This time, he would take a group of 110 colonists who were changed from those sent by Emperor Raleigh before . The advantage of involving colonists in the settlement was to aid in motivation for perseverance. The group sent earlier had troops who were hired to endeavor into the new land and live. The newly formed group fully volunteered, and their reward was the only land which they had been promised. As the families were to acquire land in America, they were to be persistent in learning how to...
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...What was the first colony of the United States? The first colony of the United States was the Roanoke colony. The history of the lost colony of Roanoke is both a mystery but at the same time thrilling. When John White returned to the colony he discovered a huge mystery and everyone had disappeared thus creating the phrase “The Lost Colony of Roanoke.” Also, investigations of the lost colony are still continuing today and there are many theories of what happened to the lost colony. Roanoke Island was the first region where English settlers attempted to colonize the new world. The first English settlement in the New World was founded by Sir Walter Raleigh, an English explorer, in August of 1585. This New World settlement was known as the Roanoke Island. In the late 16th century, Queen Elizabeth 1 wanted to establish a permanent English settlement in North America. The British hoped to have a ledge in the Americas so they could expand their empire. Sir Walter Raleigh sent Captain Arthur Barlowe and Captain Philip Amada to explore the new area. The men later discovered the Roanoke Island and also met the local natives there. Sir Walter Raleigh then decided this would be an excellent place establish their colony. The first crew to Roanoke Island was led by Sir...
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