...SECTION 1: THE SUCCESSES AND FAILURES OF THE WEIMAR GOVERNMENT 1918-OCTOBER 1933 |9 November 1918 |Abdication of the Kaiser | |January 1919 |Spartacist Uprising | |February 1919 |First Weimar elections | |28 June 1919 |Treaty of Versailles signed | |July 1919 |Weimar Constitution announced | |March 1920 |Kapp Putsch signed | |January 1923 |Occupation of the Ruhr | |January-November 1923 |Hyperinflation | |8-9 November 1923 |Munich Putsch ...
Words: 13280 - Pages: 54
...Explain your answer by referring to sources A, B, C and D. (8 marks) (c) Why do sources A and B give a different view to sources C and D? Explain your answer using the sources and your own knowledge. (d) How useful is source E for understanding ......... ? (8 marks) Explain your answer using the source and your own knowledge. (e) How did .......... ? (10 marks) Question (a) – ‘What do sources A and B suggest about .........?’ (4 marks) All questions are marked in levels. The levels for q. (a) are: Level 1 ‐ Answers which repeat details from the sources (1 mark) Level 2 ‐ Answers that draw a simple inference from the sources (2‐3 marks) Level 3 ‐ Answers that draw a complex inference from the sources (4 marks) An inference is learning something from the source that it does not directly tell you. In other words reading between the lines. Look at the example on the page opposite. Source A ‐ From a Social Democrat account of the Hitler Youth movement in 1934. Youth adores the drill, the uniform, the comradeship, the fact that school and parents take a back seat compared to the Hitler Youth. The parents cannot forbid the child to do what all children are doing, cannot refuse him the uniform. Young people follow the instructions of the Hitler Youth. They demand...
Words: 3850 - Pages: 16
...How Successful were the Nazis in Creating a Volksgemeinschaft? To simply answer the question, the answer would be that they had very little success in creating their ‘National Community’. Between the years 1933-39 the Nazi party set upon an idea of creating their own race of racially pure Germans, an Aryan race. And to do this they had to remove all the people they had thought of as unfit and against what they saw as the Aryan race, and create a Volksgemeinschaft. Volksgemeinschaft was a people’s community, where everybody was equal in race. The Nazi party was prepared to go to extreme lengths to ensure that they got this racially pure race, killing unfit Germans was a solution. Hitler wanted a community joined only by blood and race, anyone else was not considered to be part of the Volksgemeinschaft program. Hitler wanted his Aryan race to spread throughout the world and for the Nazi party to become the most powerful. By the years 1936 and 1937 Hitler and the Nazi party were strong within Germany, the support of the Nazi party was immense and Hitler saw this as an opportunity to radicalise the Nazi party, take things further and more extreme. Hitler announced new rules for Jews, persecution of the Jews. Hitler first began increasing pressure on them to ‘voluntarily’ sell their business’ this was the beginning of the attack on the Jews. Hitler pressured Jews to sell their well earning business for well under the market value to Aryan race German. With less Jews in charge of...
Words: 1099 - Pages: 5
...How Was Adolf Hitler So Persuasive? by Josh Wilmoth accessed at http://joshwilmoth.hubpages.com/hub/Adolf-Hitlers-Tremendous-Persuasive-Ability on 7 March 2014. [pic] Hitler gives a speech at the Kroll Opera House Source: Bundesarchiv, Bild 183-1987-0703-507 / unbekannt / CC-BY-SA 3.0 [CC-BY-SA-3.0-de, Wikimedia Commons all 4 photos Why Study Hitler's Persuasive Method? Adolf Hitler is considered to be perhaps the most villainous man of the twentieth century. His vile and ruthless deeds are common knowledge. In fact, the name Hitler has now become synonymous with evil. What many often forget, however, is that Hitler was not only a coldblooded tyrant but that also a brilliant persuader of men. He personally oversaw the deaths of millions of people, including the near extermination of the Jewish race while maintaining the full support of the German people. The entire German population was certainly not as heartless and cruel as Hitler was, so it stands to reason that Hitler must have been a masterful propagandist in order to persuade the Germans that his policies were necessary and just. However, one must remember that Hitler was not born the cruel, vicious tyrant that he became. His life was governed by both his choices and his life experiences, so it is important to examine these along with his persuasive method to gain a comprehensive understanding of why he used his gift of persuasion in the way that he did. [pic] Hitler during World War I. Can you identify him...
Words: 2339 - Pages: 10
...any) did it play in the rise of the nazi party and Hitler, and the events that would unravel. Further exploring this, we need to look at In what ways...
Words: 1900 - Pages: 8
...In between wars the Nazi regime emerged as a counter-force to a combination of national grievances and economic crises, alongside the promise of strength and unity. Did this occur because the desire for strength and unity was strong enough that the people were willing to surrender their civil liberties? Civil liberties, “...are personal guarantees and freedoms that the government cannot abridge, either by law or by judicial interpretation, without due process.” (Hugh Starkey, undated.) How was the Nazi party promising strength and unity, what did they say, and how did they grow at such a fast rate. What were the national grievances that the german people were facing post war and how did the Nazi regime profit off it. And what were the civil...
Words: 1646 - Pages: 7
...charismatic leader. They found that in Adolf Hitler. Hitler joined the German Work Party in 1919. The party embraced right-wing ideology which suited Hitler’s views. Adolf Hitler was a captivating speaker and he encouraged national pride, militarism and commitment to the Volk (people) and a racially “pure” Germany. Hitler changed the name of the party to the National Socialist German Worker’s Party, shortened to the Nazi Party. He hated the Jews and promoted anti-Semitism. There are many stories as to why Hitler hated the Jews, but it is commonly thought that it was because many Jews were merchants and financially successful, when many workers struggled during the depressed economic state of Germany. He had actually developed his dislike for Jews long before he became a soldier. Hitler was appointed chancellor in 1933 and since he had the support of approximately 400,000 Nazis, he was able to overthrow the democratic government and on March 23, 1933 became the dictator of Germany. As dictator, he could then turn his attention to the driving force which had propelled him into politics in the first place, his hatred of the Jews, Gypsies, homosexuals and his idea of a racially “pure” Germany. This paper will examine Adolf Hitler’s rise to power and how the greatest persecution in the world began when Hitler became dictator and would not end until years later in the greatest tragedy in all of human history, the Holocaust. Adolf Hitler was born in Austria in 1889 to a middle...
Words: 3426 - Pages: 14
...Germany unit, plus useful revision boosters and guidance on answering exam questions. Remember, getting your exam technique sorted is a must if you’re going to succeed in the exam - it’s just as important as knowing your stuff! CONTENTS....There are 4 sections to this booklet. 3 Hitler overcomes his opposition 1 The rise and fall of the Weimar Republic 1918 1929 1933 1934 2 The rise to power of Hitler and the Nazis 1939 4 The Nazi dictatorship 1 The rise and fall of the Weimar Republic 1918-33 Introduction If, just for fun, we were to make a graph showing the fortunes of the Weimar Republic, it would probably look like this…. B A Phase A 1918-23: The WR suffers from a few major teething problems, and struggles to survive. C Phase B 1924-28: ‘The Golden Twenties’. Things are on the up for the WR, as it recovers from its earlier problems. But beneath the surface, there are still weaknesses. Phase C 1929-1933: With the Wall St. Crash and the Great Depression, the WR comes ‘crashing’ down! Of course, during each phase, the Nazis were experiencing their own political rollercoaster ride. Broadly speaking, whenever the WR was enjoying success, the Nazis were not, and vice versa. More about that later. What was the Weimar Republic and why was it set up? A lot of students struggle to get to grips with this, but it’s really very simple! The Weimar Republic is the name of a new government that was set up in 1918 to rule Germany. Before ...
Words: 13770 - Pages: 56
...German Youth Leading Up to the Holocaust Teaching is a profession that is very influential. I.L. Kandel describes how education is an instrument of social control and he was right. When Adolf Hitler came into the power of Germany the entire educational system tried to transform the youth into non-Aryan hating, militaristic, strong, and very obedient members of the Nazi society. If a government can control the educational system, it can most likely control society a lot more easily. However, some of the nationalistic views that many of the main Nazis had were brought to them during World War I in the classroom. Many classrooms celebrated the military aspect of war and they celebrated and taught nationalism for Germany. Classrooms did not really do that until the war. It was after the loss in World War I that the attitudes perpetuated by the enormous let down where teachers helped with the Nazi effort and taught the essentials to the Nazi party. Teachers did not do much to fight the Nazi effort and even though not all of them directly participated in the Holocaust, they did breed a nation of young extreme German nationalists whose ideals perpetuated the event. Extreme nationalism was a very popular topic for classrooms during and after World War I, which played a contribution to some of the main Nazis during the Nazi era. A large percentage of the Nazi base was born between 1900 and 1908 including Martin Bormann (born 1900), Rudolf Hoss (born 1900), Heinrich Himmler (born...
Words: 4047 - Pages: 17
...Americans, the holocaust has become known as Jewish history, but this understanding is incorrect for there was over five million victims that were not Jewish. The Holocaust was more than just a Jewish event. The Germans kept records that prove they exterminated millions of Gypsies, homosexuals, Russians, Jehovah's Witnesses, physically and mentally handicapped, Poles, resistance fighters, and many more. (Overlooked millions) If people were captured, and not immediately exterminated, they were usually sent to a concentration camp or labor camp. These prisoners were then given patches on their clothing for identification. Political prisoners wore red, prostitutes and other of that nature wore black, criminals were given green, and Jews were given yellow. (Overlooked millions)...
Words: 814 - Pages: 4
...February 17, 2016 Nazi Rise to Power The Nazi party’s rapid rise to power did not go off without a hitch. After the hangover from WW1, the mood surrounding Germany was grim. Germany was slapped with international sanctions and forced to pay reparations to France and Britain for the huge costs of the war. The German people were looking for hope and a leader that could generate some real positive changes. In 1919, Adolf Hitler joined a small political party where he quickly rose to leadership through a number of emotional and captivating speeches. He “promoted a national sense of pride, militarism, and a concept of a radically “pure” Germany” (1). By the end of that year Hitler became the official Fuhrer of this small political party called the Nazi party which consisted of about 3,000 members. Hitler used the Jews as a scapegoat for Germany’s economic issues while encouraging anti-Semitic views and behaviors. In 1923, any momentum the Nazi party possessed came to a halt in Hitler's Beer Hall Putsch. In an attempt to overthrow local authorities in Munich, Hitler was sentenced to jail and charged with high treason. As things were looking bleak for the Nazi’s Hitler utilized the courtroom as a platform for his greatest attribute, propaganda. He would rant for hours and hours against the Weimar government demanding change. Throughout his trail Hitler actually gained support for his cause. At the end of the day the right-wing presiding judges sympathized with Hitler and when it was...
Words: 683 - Pages: 3
...The initial consolidation of the Nazi power in 1933The initial consolidation of the Nazi power in 1933-34 The initial consolidation of the Nazi power in 1933-34 takes form in three points: the German situation, the Nazi rootlessness, and the political acts and people that made it all possible. The German situation helped account for the initial consolidation of Nazi power in 1933-34. Due to the Wall Street Crash in 1929 the economy crashed all over the world, but none worse than in Germany. Due to the World War 1 payback, Germany was already suffering economically and they were only keeping afloat with the funds from US investors, but with the Wall Street Crash the investors withdrew their money from Germany resulting in businesses all over Germany collapsing; bankruptcy becoming nationwide and unemployment levels leapt upwards. The economic impact of this led many counties to move to protect their own domestic industries, resulting in high tariffs. In March 1930 and May 1932, the German Chancellor, Heinrich Bruning, pursued an orthodox economic policy of ridge deflation. The deflation involved increasing taxation and decreasing government expenditure. Then in July 1931, Germany suffered a major banking crisis. The country’s biggest banks, the Danat, went bankrupt. The impact this had for families meant that they were forced into poverty, Living on the streets, Health levels deteriorated, Children were forced to leave school early, Families broke up as men left to seek work...
Words: 2420 - Pages: 10
...format, which incorporates the use of secondary sources to give an overview of events as they happened. The macro format focuses on the key figures such as Hitler and Himmler and how their actions directly affected the topic. Studying the macro history of the Holocaust fails to capture the feelings and opinions of the German people during this time. The study of primary sources written by the German people who lived through the event; give vital information on the German population and their feelings toward Hitler’s radical ideology. This paper will illustrate the history of the Holocaust from the perspective of secondary sources or the macro view, then using Ruth Klueger’s memoir, Still Alive add additional information the other books fail to include. In order to fully understand the history of the Holocaust you must study both primary and secondary sources. The Holocaust begins with the architect Adolf Hitler. In 1933 when Hitler became Chancellor of Germany the popularity he gained had little to nothing to do with and Anti-Semitism beliefs the party had, because ‘depriving the Jews of making a living would hurt the economic recovery”. (Gellately 4) Hitler at first openly attacked the communist party in order to save Germany from “the Marxist Attack” and would eliminate any political rivals. On March 23, 1933 Hitler was able to successfully pass the Enabling Act stating the need for “the moral purification of the body politic”. (Gellately 13) The Reichstag Fire Decree...
Words: 950 - Pages: 4
...imperial form of government, which is known as Weimar Republic. This Republic lasted until 1933, and was destroyed by Hitler. It went to three stages. In the first stage, which was from 1919-23, there was instability when the republic was struggling to survive. In the second stage, from 1923-29, there was stability when Gustav Streseman was the leading politician. This stability was due to the Dawes plan of 1924 in which USA provided huge loans. In the third or last stage, from 1929-33 there was instability again which led to the downfall of the Weimar Republic. The short term cause was the world economic crisis, which has disastrous effects on Germany, resulting in 6.5 million unemployed. This sudden situation made the government unable to cope with the situation and by the end of 1923 the Weimar republic seemed on the verge of collapse. There were several long term causes for that. Some of them were: 1. It had a number of disadvantages from the beginning the Republic was formed. a. It had accepted the humiliation and unpopular treaty of Versailles Treaty: The republic was not strong enough to reject the defeat and dishonour. b. There was a traditional lack of respect for democratic government: The Germans always favoured the army, and thought that the Democrats had ‘stabbed them in the back’ after signing the treaty of Versailles but what they did not focus on was that Kaiser was still in power when the treaty of Versailles was signed. The republic should have...
Words: 2090 - Pages: 9
...the Soviet Union. Although unlike Hitler, Stalin did not target the Jews as a race, he embraced anti-Semitic stereotypes at times, such as in the infamous doctor's plot. See http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/Human_Rights/plot.html We learn from our text, that "Stalin forced writers and artists to use the techniques of approved 'socialist realism' for artistic and literary expression" (235). Do you think that this is comparable to the Nazi book burnings? I think Stalin, like Mark mentioned, enforced only areas of education which benefited his plans for the government and its people. There was a big change in the way that classes of people were treated; Stalin cared much less about women than the previous leader and he aimed to increase profits through industry for the already wealthy elite and the military (Goff, 2008). During this time he promoted education which would reinforce the values of hard work and discipline, but did very little for the people who worked just as hard as others, the farmers. They were living in poverty. I think that the only difference between Stalin and Hitler here is that Stalin's goals were centered around earning more wealth and making people more productive, though at the expense of certain classes' qualities of life. Hitler sought to "extinguish" an entire race of people, based on superior beliefs of a duty to cleanse the world. Thanks for the interesting posts about Stalin and Hitler! Let's go a bit deeper into the comparison...
Words: 1411 - Pages: 6
