...Alcoholism Alcoholism refers to a chronic disease where your body becomes dependent on alcohol. Being an alcoholic is not limited to gender, race, or age. At any time while drinking people can form a dependence to alcohol. To fully understand the meaning of being an alcoholic, what it does to the body, and the recovery processes that follow, it is important to remember that alcoholism is an addiction and can affect anyone. The DSM IV defines alcoholism as a maladaptive pattern of alcohol use, leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as manifested by three or more of the seven criteria, occurring at any time in the same 12-month period. Some of the major criteria are; building a tolerance to alcohol, withdrawal symptoms arise after not drinking, and it take more and more alcohol to feel the effects over time (DSM IV 1994). Now these are just the top three criteria but if a person has three out of the seven then they are considered an alcoholic even if they themselves do not want to accept that title. Some people think that it is very shameful to have a title of addict because of the negative stigma American society puts on that word. Men might feel emasculated, women might feel weak, and teens fighting this illness might be overwhelmed and confused because their peers put so much pride on being able to drink more than each other. So many phrases are becoming popular among teenagers that promote excess drinking under 21. Some of these phrases include; being...
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...Alcohol, the constant addiction in American society, that has put the United States into debt and depression by giving users a temporary sanctuary. Alcohol causes roughly around 88,000 deaths per year and slowly destroys the body when it is consumed. (Norris 1) Normally, people drink to help take away stress or stabilize their mood, but in reality the consumed substance adds stress, leading to more problems in someone’s life. Underage drinking is also one of the biggest concerns in modern day culture because of how prevalent the topic is the American society. Alcohol messes with the human as a whole in negative ways, while becoming more popular and accepted in society to start drinking the horrible substance at an early age. The facts are proven...
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...How do Drugs and Alcohol Affect You Sarah Tate Kaplan University-Omaha CJ411 Drugs and Alcohol May 15, 2012 Kerry Neumann Drugs and alcohol can cause short and long term damage to the human body. People that abuse drugs and alcohol may not be aware of the damage they are doing to their bodies. There are also psychological effects that drugs and alcohol can do to the human mind. These psychological effects can and may be permanent depending on the drug used and prolonged use of drugs and alcohol. Here we will concentrate on alcohol, amphetamines, and ecstasy. These vary in type of drug, addiction potential, and damage they can cause to the body and mind. Alcohol is a depressant and considered to mildly addictive. If abused for a prolonged period of time alcohol can become more addictive and the user may actually need the alcohol to function in life. Alcohol abuse may cause damage to the human body with prolonged use and abuse. Some of the damage alcohol may cause includes “slurred speech, lack of coordination, unsteady gait, memory impairment, and stupor, as well as behavioral changes shortly after alcohol ingestion, including aggressive behavior, mood volatility, impaired functioning”,(Roberts, P.,p.4-5.,n.d.). Alcohol consumption over a prolonged period of time may also cause psychological addiction, this happens over a period of time, not overnight, with continued drinking. Alcohol consumption over a prolonged period of time can cause liver damage, known as cirrhosis...
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...Alcohol Abuse and How it Affects Everyone S. Adams Should society care about alcohol abuse? Many people believe that to consume alcohol is a personal choice and an expression of free will. Some of those people don’t consider how alcohol use affects anyone other than the drinker. By listening to alcohol advertising and watching actors in movies one would get the impression that alcohol gives people an increased social status; they become self-confident, sexually attractive, and fun to be around. Initially people start out drinking for fun; it can relax and reduce inhibitions but at some point and for whatever reasons some people become addicted and can’t stop. What often begins as a fun escape and great stress relief can become a habit that can destroy everything good in life. Eventually everyone becomes affected by alcohol use in one way or another. The purpose of this paper is to prove that alcohol affects people who don’t drink alcohol at all or those who drink responsibly. Research suggests that alcoholism is a societal disease that negatively affects everyone because alcohol abuse creates higher crime rates, alcoholics cause more accidents and create higher costs in the workplace, and alcohol creates an increase in health-related issues. There is a strong correlation between alcohol use and violent crime, which is how the phrase “mean drunk” came about. People that abuse alcohol are six times more likely to commit a violent crime and thirteen times more likely to commit...
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...use of alcohol and illegal drugs is very common around the United States. Although both alcohol and illegal drugs have serious side effects people still use them to gain the feeling of satisfaction during parties, reunions, or any other social event. Both alcohol and illegal drugs cause many damages to our society and the individual. For these reasons alcohol and illegal drug abuse classes should be mandatory at all high schools at some point. Alcohol is a gateway drug in the United States. This means that alcohol can be considered the first step to be involved in any other illegal drug. The abuse of alcohol or drugs has very serious side effects. As any other substance that is taken without a proper control alcohol and drugs can become...
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...This essay will focus on dehydration, and water in the body how it is function. The reason water essential to health maintenance and what water can do to the body if not enough is obtained. This essay will mention how the body level based on hydration has on alcohol and caffeine. Sodium, potassium, and chloride compare and contrast how these different electrolytes function in the body. I will also explain the steps to take to ensure people not become dehydrated. Dehydration means excessive loss of water resulting in depletion of body fluids (Grosvenor & Smolin (2006). Dehydration is that you lose more fluid than you take in which occurs because there is not enough water and other fluids in the body to function normal. Dehydration can be prevented by drinking about eight- nine glasses of water a day. Water is essential to health maintenance is that over half of your body weight is water. Every cell in our body carries out the presence of the universal solvent. A person sweat during exercise water with waste is flushed out of your body. Water is needed to prevent dehydration this helps to maintain proper metabolism in our body. All the body tissues varying proportions of water is found in 60% of body weight in adults is water, in a child the water percentage is the highest. The functions of water in the body are for digesting food. Water also helps to cushion our joints and prevents shocks in them. A person will know when he or she have enough water when he or she urine will...
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...Anti-Alcohol 2.5 million deaths each year are caused due to alcohol usage. 75,000 of those deaths alone are here in the United States. Alcohol usage at one point was illegal in the United States. I will be writing about why alcohol should be banned. It is interesting to me because there are so many things that are bad about alcohol that people are not aware of. I myself, do not have any personal experience with alcohol not because my religion, but because I know the effects of it. Alcohol has many bad effects on the human body inside and out, causes millions of deaths world wide, and casues many personal problems between people. Alcohol has many effects on the human body that can cause long term physical and metal damage. One major organ that alcohol effects in the human body is the brain. When the liver is breaking down the alcohol and its toxins that it releases, the alcohols byproducts damage the liver cells. Once the liver cells have been damaged, they will not work like how they are suppose to ever again causing toxic substances, ammonia, and manganese in particular, to travel to the brain. All these toxins are caused from alcohol use. After reaching the brain, they start damaging brain cells causing a disorder known as hepatic encephalopathy. Hepatic encephalopathy leads to many problems. These problems are sleep disturbances, mood and personality changes, anxiety, depression, shortened attention span, coordination problems, including asterixis, which...
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...disease that may be curable and preventable”, but it should be taken very seriously. Understanding cancer and what it means, how we should prevent it and the different types of treatments for cancer is very important. Cancer is caused by an uncontrolled group of abnormal cells in the part of the body. When a person has cancer it’s a lot on their body because it can affect some of the organs. A cancer cell continues to grow their whole lives and accumulates in one place. Whether we know it or not we all have cancer in our bodies, but it doesn’t show unless it’s trigger. Our cells multiply and divide when our bodies need them too, if our body doesn’t need the cells to do this, it may cause tumors. There are two forms of tumors which are called benign and malignant. Benign is known to be a non-cancerous tumor while malignant is cancerous. Benign tumors are usually not life threating and it doesn’t spread, but they can be removed if possible. Malignant tumors have the ability to spread throughout cells and other tissues, which causes cancer to spread. “Cancerous cells can break free from the malignant tumors and get into the bloodstream, and spread to other organs which they damage”. Cancer is a very serious matter but there are plenty of ways that people can prevent their selves from getting cancer. It starts with the change in your lifestyle which can affect a person’s chances of getting cancer. Smoking and drinking are two factors of getting cancer; they both put you at risk. Everyone...
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... Lets look closer to not only how these drugs effect our behavior but more importantly their biological effects towards the human body. Depressants, and their true implications of abuse. Alcohol, Barbiturates, and opiates such as morphine and heroine all relax neural activity and slow body functions categorizing them into the depressants. People who use these drugs are likely to experience temporary pleasure along with anxiety relief, these short term fixes are what lead to addiction because of the need and craving for the drugs effect. Biological effects while using depressants consist of slow neural processing, memory disruption, and reduced self awareness and control. For example, “ In one experiment, those who consumed alcohol were doubly likely to be caught mind-wandering during a reading task, yet were less likely to notice that they zoned out” (Sayette et al., 2009), this along with other effects are the results of abuse. Adverse effects such as the loss of self awareness are just the beginning, for instance “alcohol abuse can lead to alcohol dependence resulting in not only shrinking the brain, but putting you at risk for lung, brain, and liver damage”(Casa,2003; Wuerich2001). Opiates and barbiturates just like alcohol depress neural functions, lead to addiction, and can all ultimately end in death by overdose. The implications of stimulant abuse and its adverse affects. Stimulants unlike depressants speed up neural activity and body functions,...
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...LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction 5 2.2 Interfacing between Human and Other Elements. 6 2.3 Factors Affecting Performances 6 2.3.1 Fitness and Health 5 2.3.2 Stress 7 2.3.3 Workload 10 2.3.4 Sleep 13 2.3.5 Circadian Rhythms 15 2.3.6 Fatigue & Shift Work 17 2.3.7 Alcohol, Medication and Drug Abuse 23 2.3 FACTOR AFFECTING PERFORMANCE 32 2.4 TYPES OF ERROR IN AVIATION 36 2.5 MANAGING ERROR IN AVIATION 36 CHAPTER 3 : CONTENTS 38 CHAPTER 4 : RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION 42 REFRENCES 43 CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION Errors are the result of actions that fail to generate the intended outcomes. In common with most other complex technical activities, human error is implicated in the majority of aviation-maintenance-related quality lapses, incidents, and accidents. General estimates of this human error contribution have increased over the years, from a low of around 20% in the 1960s to values in excess of 80% in the 1990s. Human error in aviation is somewhat of a sensitive topic due to the recent tragic events of September 11, 2001. The goal of this research is to understand human error in aviation, in order to understand how designing better computer systems can assist in making the aviation industry safer for pilots and passengers, by reducing human error. This paper does not attempt to address accidents caused by cowardly acts of terrorism...
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...our body are carried out in the presence of the universal solvent. A person can call it metabolism, flushing out of, toxic wastes, delivery of nutrients to the cells and also heat to transfer. When you feel hot, you grab a glass of water and you feel better. When you have some food, you take water (or some other liquid) with it, when you sweat during exercise or a steam bath, you feel good because along sweat is essentially water with waste being flushed out of your body. The enzymatic reactions in the cells are also dependent on water. Water is essential to maintain body's homeostasis. If normal water levels aren't maintained, it will affect the osmotic pressure, ion homeostasis and plasma/blood volume as well. Also it is required to excrete waste products from our body (E.g.; urine) and for the regulation of metabolic activities such as enzyme activation. Therefore, water is essential to maintain the body in its normal state. “Water serves many curative functions even in our day-to-day life. In fact, water is very essential for maintaining the proper functioning of our body and sustaining us. It makes up more than half of our body weight and caters to the requirements of various bodily needs. Deficiency of water in the body can affect various functions and in severe conditions might also lead to death. Effects of Water Deficiency * Low blood pressure * Clotting of blood * Kidney malfunction * Severe constipation Functions of Water in the Human Body ...
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...relationship between mental health and substance use disorders. I focused my research on the relationship between depression, including post-partum, and alcoholism. In this paper, I will explain why my client, Rhonda is considered dually diagnosed, I will explain the health problems that can occur from using alcohol and the effects alcohol has on the brain and body, I will explain how alcohol impacts depression, and last, I will explain the specific problems that exist in treating the dually diagnosed individual. An individual who has any combination of a mental disorder (anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder) and addiction (drugs, alcohol, sex, gambling) is considered to be dual diagnosed. (Foundations Recovery Network, 1995) In one article, Paljärvi (2009) states “experimental studies have found that alcohol intoxication can produce even severe depressive symptoms during heavy drinking episodes.” Becker (2012) states in his article, “Alcohol has anxiety-reducing properties and can relieve stress, while at the same time acting as a stressor and activating the bodies stress response systems.” According to Evans and Sullivan (2001), individuals with a history of alcohol dependence, especially those early in recovery and those who are older, show significant cognitive impairments. Individuals with major depression also have significant cognitive deficits and the two together cause double the difficulties in thinking and learning. The most helpful support for a dually-diagnosed...
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...alternative way of curing diseases. Some people may just smoke it for satisfaction. While many people believe marijuana is considered a destructive drug, depending on the usage it can also have a positive impact on human bodies. Marijuana is a product derived from a hemp plant named Cannabis sativa. Referring specifically to the plant’s leaves and flowers, this ancient drug that first originated in China around 2727 B.C...
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...Alchololism and the dangers There are a lot of dangers in this world today that are caused by alcohol. Not only is alcohol one of the leading problems in todays society, but it is also a growing problem in Americas teenagers. I will be discussing several point in this paper from various studies to what exactly alcoholism is and the different dangers of this disease. This is a very personal topic to me so I hope you enjoy my research paper. The first point being addressed is what exactly alcoholism is. According to The Reader’s Digest Great Encyclopedic Dictionary, alcoholism “is a diseased condition resulting from the excessive use or persistent use of alcoholic beverages.” Alcoholism has divided into two major forms--alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence (Goodwin 1998). Alcohol abuse is the excessive consumption of alcohol which has detrimental effects on the people and situations surrounding an individual; whereas, alcohol dependence is a physical attachment to the alcohol. Alcohol abuse leads to hazardous behavior, such as drunken driving and continued drinking despite negative consequences on family, work, or social functioning. Alcohol dependence involves withdrawal symptoms when alcohol is not used, and lack of control over drinking despite serious social and medical problems (Goodwin 1998). Various studies have been performed to show the relationship between alcoholism and genetics. New research on male twins show that genes play a critical role in the development...
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...Alcohol and Drug Addiction Liberty University Abstract This paper is a reflection of addiction in the United States and the statistics that prove addiction is a major issue within the country. Discussed in the paper will be first the primary causes of addiction and risk factors that may lead to an addiction in an individual. Going further into the problem, the cycle of addiction and how to break free of the cycle and an individual’s addiction is talked about. Since there are different drugs that can cause addiction, a breakdown of certain drugs is given. These drugs include alcohol, prescription drugs, heroin, and marijuana. Next, the side effects of drug addiction to the drugs chosen are described in depth as well as the signs that can be viewed in screening for drug addiction. Resources available to drug addiction are touched on and treatment options to explore what can be done if an individual does suffer from drug addiction. Finally, what human service professionals are doing to assist individuals who are addicted and how they can improve on training to ensure that addiction can be caught early enough to make a difference? Introduction to Drug Addiction Addiction is a chronic disease of brain reward, motivation and memory in individuals who submit to any number of different drugs available to them. Such chronic need for the drugs leads to manifestations biologically, psychologically, spiritually and even socially in any given individual (ASAM, 2014). These, however...
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