...“What you put in your body, with whom you have sex - these are not the affairs of the state. -Gore Vidal.” Woman should be the controllers of their own bodies. Prostitution has been a long-standing profession throughout history. Governments are still working to solve the perpetual dispute of the legalization of prostitution. There are forty-two million prostitutes in the world. In the United States, there are one million in the United States, and it is only legal in Nevada (Lubin, Gus). Despite the laws against it, the industry continues to thrive. Young women resort to prostitution because they have no other choice. Human trafficking and prostitution rings import prostitutes from developing, poorer countries throughout Eastern Europe, East...
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...not always had equal rights as men in the home, workforce, and world. Women have fought hard over the past several years even hundreds of years to get the same equality. Women in the past have been treated unfairly they were not allowed to work, join the military, or vote. When they were able to leave the home and join the workforce they were not offered equal jobs as men or paid equally for doing the same job. Until the 1960’s women scholars were ignored, and not taken seriously. In the 1940’s women were given the rights to join the military, although they were mostly accepted as nurses. It was also the 1960’s when women fought hard for equal rights and pay within the workforce. Today women’s rights are in full effect and women are treated almost as fairly as men in the workforce, military, and the world. There are still some religions and cultures that believe men are superior to women, but for the most part women are treated fairly. Women do still face discrimination, and unfair treatment but it’s much better than in years past. Concepts and conceptions have been created by society about the gender roles in society. People generally believe that women are to be feminine, and men should remain masculine. Media and society portray how people should be and act. The world believes that if a man shows a feminine side then they must be gay. If a women shows masculinity then they must be a lesbian. The truth is thought, that either gender can portray characteristics of the other...
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...individuals sell sex for money? This question is important because taxpayer money is being spent on Vice Police Units who patrol known prostitution locations and go under cover. It’s also important because through out history social policy and public law has changed back and forth on the issue of prostitution. I am interested on this issue because recently my hometown of Ottawa, Ohio, has had a scandal involving our town mayor being arrested for solicitation of prostitution, causing the loss of his job and embarrassment for our town. My first source was a documentary series on the History channel called “Sex in the Ancient World” specifically the episode I watched was “Pompeii”. “Sex in the Ancient World” is written and directed by Kurt Sayenga. Kurt Sayenga got his start with his magazine “Greed” which covered punk rock culture and quickly rose to stardom trough his multiple documentaries and his feature films like “The Day the Earth Stood Still”. His experience shows he is a very creditable source because he has blockbuster movies and is a respected by all of the film community. In this documentary the core issue was sex in Pompeii in ancient times. Pompeii was small Roman city of 6,000 when Mount Vesuvius erupted in the year 76 AD and sealed the city in volcanic ash like a time capsule. Pompeii is the first definite proof of the occupation of prostitution. According to “Sex in the Ancient World” the small city of Pompeii had 46 locations in which to solicit sex, which is a lot...
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...Sex trafficking is an issue that frequently occurs around the world. However, despite how prominent this issue is, currently there are not many solutions to fix it. The solutions that currently exist focus on these issues as an individual problem. Sex trafficking is not an issue that stems from an individual level, but rather is an unforeseen consequence of globalization that furthers gender inequalities because of denied economic opportunities and the increased exposure to violence. Globalization creates populations that become vulnerable to sex trafficking around the world. In order to truly understand the causes of sex trafficking, one must look at the larger issues at hand rather than trying to blame an individual or small group of people....
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...This occurs because the parties involved in it expect to obtain mutual satisfaction. Otherwise, the business relationship would not take place. Prostitution, a universal reality, remains a pending issue for most advanced democracies, specifically in the United States. Some countries have tackled the problem from different points of view, with more or less success, but the answer is not simple. There is a huge need to pose prostitution as a legal job and decriminalize it in order to increase control and protection of women. Prostitution should not be a crime. Prostitutes are not committing an inherently harmful act. While the spread of disease and other detriments are possible in the practice of prostitution, criminalization is a sure way of worsening the issue rather than addressing its effect. "Lawrence v. Texas." Oyez. Chicago-Kent College of Law at Illinois Tech, n.d. April 14, 2016. https://www.oyez.org/cases/2002/02-102 Lawrence v. Texas was brought by a gay couple from Houston who were being prosecuted for having sex in the privacy of their own home. Texas was one of a handful of states...
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...same-sex marriage, throughout the US?’. The answer will be found with the use of the following sub-questions: - What are LGBT rights?(through a literature research) - What difficulties do LGBT people face in everyday life (related to LGBT rights)?(through a literature/statistical research) - How did LGBT rights develop...
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...Same Sex Marriage Of all the groups in the U.S. today, I believe there is one that possibly has the hardest time getting their point across. They work hard, day in and day out trying to find ways to express their ideas but they cannot seem to get any more support and if nothing is done to change this, we may lose them forever. To try to find a way to save them, I have decided I will try to see things from their point of view and try to show just how logical their opinions can be. For my research paper, I challenged myself to write it about why same-sex marriage should not be legalized. After three days of research, I regret to inform you that, with the information I found, there is no logical reason whatsoever that same-sex couples should not be able to get married. I have tried so very hard to find a logical argument against it but I was not able to get any reasons against it. Before I started my research, I thought of a few reasons I thought I could go further with but when I tried to make them work, I could only find arguments against them. The reasons I thought same-sex marriage should not be legalized are because a majority of people voted against it, there would be less procreation, and it would complicate laws by redefining marriage. For years, the issue of same-sex marriage has been a flashpoint issue in the United States. It has been a competing legislation, lawsuits, and ballot initiatives in attempting either to legalize or ban the practice. Nearly seventy...
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...University of ******i 2013-2014 Declaration The work I have submitted is my own effort. I certify that all materials in the Dissertation which is not my own work, has been identified and acknowledged. This project has been submitted for the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of the post-graduate diploma in Human Rights. The results embodied in this thesis have not been submitted to any other University or Institute for the award of any degree or diploma. Signature of Guide Signature of Student Date: 26/04/2014 Acknowledgement First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisor Professor ******* ****** for his guidance when I was writing this dissertation. Secondly, I would like to extend my gratitude to all my classmates in the Human Rights Diploma programme for helping me in many ways. Lastly, I would like to thank ******** ********, ******* ******** and ****** ****** for their emotional support. Content Declaration 02 Acknowledgement 03 Content 04 Introduction 05 Homosexuality in India 1 Section 377 20 Discrimination faced by LGBT 30 Conclusion 46 Bibliography 51 Articles 54 1. INTRODUCTION Across the world today, the debate over homosexuality continues, with great variation in public opinion about the acceptability of homosexuality, laws regulating same sex unions and penalties for sexual behaviors. Vast changes...
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...major factor leading to the quest for the decriminalization of homosexuality in Canada was the case of Everett George Klippert in the 1960s. For many federal government politicians at the time, such as Justice Minister Pierre Trudeau (Prime Minister from 1968-1979), Klippert’s case brought to light the imprecision of the laws and legal concepts concerning homosexuals and, by extension, homosexuality as a whole. In the following paragraphs, this essay will first provide a general context of how homosexuals were treated and/or perceived in the first half of the 20th century. Subsequently, an in depth examination of the Wolfenden Report’s view of morality and criminality, concerning homosexuality, being two mutually exclusive concepts, as well as legal concepts of “gross indecency” and “the dangerous sexual offender,” prior to the decriminalization of homosexuality in Canada in 1969, and the laws, amendments, and reforms established in subsequent years will provide the reader with an explanation of how Everett...
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...Anthony Soares Professor Minnis English 1A November 9, 2013 The Decriminalization of Drugs It goes without saying that America faces a drug addiction that is beyond anything we could have ever anticipated. It is reported that an estimated 22.5 million Americans suffer from a dependency from a drug of some sort, whether it may be stimulants, depressants or hallucinogens (NIDA 2). However these victims of addiction are often demonized for their condition and are treated as criminals by the infallible U.S. Government. As a result there is a trend of 1 in every 100 adults will end up incarcerated for a drug related offense such as possession (Drug Policy Alliance 1). So instead of treating addiction itself, many politicians decide that it is necessary to place these undesirables into prison in an effort to reform their ways. This trend of mass incarceration gained momentum in the early 70’s during the Nixon Administration with his “War on Drugs”, but in reality over the past 4 decades we have only seen the increase of drug addiction, overdose and any hardly any progress as a result. So where do we go from here? Well many liberals would whole-heartedly suggest that we legalize all controlled substances for recreational use, but that is a pipe dream reserved for a utopian society in a novel. Therefore I suggest a similar yet more conservative approach to this problem: the decriminalization of drugs. Instead of legalizing, which involves taxation and regulation of controlled substances;...
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...Legalizing Marijuana, New Social Stigma: The new wave of Acceptance C. LaMour Romine Pittsburg State University Definition of Problem to be studied: This research is a secondary research analysis of the theoretical perspective of the marijuana movement - pertaining to the politic standpoint of marijuana verses cigarettes and scientific medical analysis of marijuana verses cigarettes. This research is meant to explore the multifaceted aspect of marijuana, cigarette trends, and the correlation between their recent waves of popularity. We will explore the historical facts of past tobacco trends to the present marijuana movement including widely held attitudes and beliefs about both substances. The thesis of this research will be to explore the differences between marijuana and cigarettes and social stigmas. Including the shift in popularity between tobacco and marijuana the MJ activist group known as NORML supporting the legalization of cannabis, while anti tobacco organizations have increased to ban cigarette smoke in public places. This research will conceptualize the meanings behind the negative stigmas associated with drugs legal and illegal influence. The problem is a double standard between the political views of marijuana and cigarettes. The political perspectives seem to be focused on public stigmas about the substance(s) rather than deciding drug laws based on medical science. Marijuana and tobacco have a shared...
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...RESEARCH IN ACTION: Street Kids 183 sOCIOLOGY IN THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY: Singapore: A Nation of Campaigns 186 TAKING SOCIOLOGY TO WORK: Holly Johnson, Chief of Research, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada 192 Cigarette smoking has become stigmatized in Canada. This newspaper advertisement, sponsored by Health Canada, reverses the typical advertising strategy of equating smoking with sexiness. 169 H eidi Fleiss was in her late twenties when she was arrested for operating a call girl service. At the time, her pediatrician father had reacted flippantly, “I guess I didn’t do such a good job on Heidi after all.” Later, he would be convicted of conspiring to hide profits from his daughter’s call girl ring. Fleiss had dropped out of school when she was sixteen and established a liaison with a playboyfinancier who gave her a Rolls-Royce for her twenty-first birthday. In her early twenties, Fleiss interned in the world of prostitution by working for Madame Alex (Elizabeth Adams), Hollywood’s reigning call girl entrepreneur until her death in 1995. In 1990, backed by television director and pornography filmmaker Ivan Nagy, 24-year-old Fleiss opened her own business. She now refers to her call girl operation as nothing more than a sensible adjunct to many other Hollywood enterprises. One telling anecdote was how she was paid $40,000 a night by a customer to do little...
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...Saturday, June 16, 2007 Concubinage Meaning: Commonly refers to a relationship between a man (usually of higher social status) and a woman, where the man has an “official” wife, and possibly more than one concubine. Concubines had limited rights though any children are acknowledged, though their status is second to that of children born unto the “official” wife. Concubinage was usually an “exclusive” arrangement between two parties. Biblical: With the tolerance of polygamy, a concubine was only defined in terms of her disparity in position or rank with the principal wife. A legitimate spouse, of an inferior social grade or a bondwoman, is often given the appellation of concubine. This term did not invalidate her marriage, it did, however, indicate that she was not equal to her husband in rank, nor did she share in her husband’s property or in the administration of his household. From Genesis 21:9-14, we see that the dismissal of a concubine and of her children was permissible. Ancient Greece: Concubines were permitted in ancient Greece and their children were legitimate if recognized by their fathers. Roman Empire: A concubine was recognized by law in the absence of a legal wife. She was usually from a lower social rank than her husband, and her children, though not considered the equals of those of the legal wife (uxor) were nevertheless termed natural (naturales) to distinguish them from spurious offsprings (spurii). The father of these children was required...
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...World Development Vol. 41, pp. 51–66, 2013 Ó 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved 0305-750X/$ - see front matter www.elsevier.com/locate/worlddev http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.06.012 Gender in Transition: The Case of North Korea STEPHAN HAGGARD University of California, San Diego, USA and MARCUS NOLAND * Peterson Institute for International Economics, USA East-West Center, USA Summary. — This paper uses survey data to examine the experience of women in North Korea’s economic transition. Women have been shed from state-affiliated employment and thrust into a market environment characterized by weak institutions and corruption. More than one-third of men indicate that criminality and corruption is the best way to make money, and 95% of female traders report paying bribes. The increasingly male-dominated state preys on the increasingly female-dominated market. Energies are directed toward survival and this population appears to lack the tools to act collectively to improve their status. Ó 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Key words — gender, transition, refugees, North Korea 1. INTRODUCTION emphasis on the dramatic shifts that occurred as the state socialist system broke down during the famine of the mid-1990s and the country experienced “marketization from below.” We then turn to an examination of the sample, household economics and the implications of the fact that North Korean women have been disproportionately involved in marketization...
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...INTRODUCTION India as is seen during present days has changed its conscience towards a new penal jurisprudence in abolishing the capital punishment. This is to counter the plenary provisions of Article 5 of International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 and its protocol in 1989 where the State parties believed that abolition of death penalty should be in the scale of enhancement of human dignity and progressive development of human rights and recalling Article 3 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted on 10th December, 1948 as well as Article 21 of our Constitution.1 It can be judicially said “I don’t punish you for killing the man but so that the other cannot be killed.” That is, the chief aim of capital punishment is to make deterrent to others for same crime . Now this concept is having a new direction. The Supreme Court and High Courts in India interpret the cases before giving the death sentence as rarest of rare cases. The Court moves its eye also for other aspects of society. The landmark cases where death sentences were awarded in India are Ranga Billa case2, Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi Assassination case, Laxman Nayak case 3 and the lastly, it was awarded to Dhananjoy Chatterjee on 14th August, 2004 in connection with Hetal Parikh case of West Bengal after the Supreme Court affirmed the death sentence awarded by lower courts and President also refused to grant him pardon. In the year 2003, Government...
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