Aniceta, Donna Faye D.
TOIC PROPOSAL

Footwear consists of garments worn on the feet, for fashion, protection against the environment, and adornment. Being barefoot is commonly associated with poverty, but some cultures chose not to wear footwear at least in some situations.
Socks and other hosiery are usually worn between the feet and other footwear, less often with sandals and flip flops (thongs). Footwear is sometimes associated with fetishism, particularly in some fashions in shoes, including boots.
Durable shoes are a relatively recent invention, though many ancient civilizations wore ornamental footwear. Many ancient civilizations saw no need for footwear. The Romans saw clothing and footwear as signs of power and status in society, and most Romans wore footwear, while slaves and peasants remained barefoot. The Middle Ages saw the rise of high-heeled shoes, also associated with power, and the desire to look larger than life, and artwork often depicted someone barefoot as a symbol of poverty. Bare feet are also seen as a sign of humility and respect, and adherents of many religions worship or mourn barefoot, or remove their shoes as a sign of respect towards someone of higher standing.
In some cultures, it is customary for people to remove their shoes before entering a home, and some religious communities require shoes to be removed before entering a building which they regard as holy, such as a temple.
Practitioners of the craft of shoemaking are called shoemakers, cobblers or cordwainers.

Materials * Leather * Plastic * Rubber * Textiles * Wood * Jute * Metal
Components
* Adhesives * Air cushion * Buckle * Counterfort * Eyelet * Heel * Hook * Insole * Laces * Reinforcement tape * Shank * Sole * Tack * Toe puff * Tread * Welt
Types

Shoes made from real crocodile skin, in a conservation exhibit at Bristol Zoo, England * Boots * Chukka boots * Combat boots * Cowboy boots * Fashion boots * Go-go boots * Hiking boots * Kinky boots * Motorcycle boots * Mukluk * Platform boots * Riding boots * Russian boots * Derby boots * Thigh-length boots * Ugg boots * Valenki * Waders * Wellington boots * Winklepickers * Shoes * Athletic shoes (also known as trainers or sneakers) * Brothel creepers * Court shoes (known in the US as pumps) * Diabetic shoes * Espadrilles * Galoshes * Kitten heels * Lace-up shoes * Derby shoes * Oxford shoes * Brogues * High-tops * Loafers * Mary Janes * Moccasins * Monks * Mules * Platform shoes * School shoes * Skate shoes * Tap shoes * Sandals * "Mandals" * Flip-flops (thongs) * Slide * Chaco * Wörishofer * Avarca, from Balearic Islands * Indoor footwear * Slippers * Socks * Footwraps * Specific footwear

A foot thong, viewed from the underside. * Ballet shoes * High-heeled footwear * Climbing shoes * Clogs * Foot thong * Football boots * Sabaton * Safety footwear * Ski boots * Snowshoes * Surgical shoe * Pointe shoes * Swimfins (flippers) * Traditional footwear * Abarka, of leather, from Pyrenees * Areni-1 shoe, 5,500-year-old leather shoe found in Armenia * Bast shoe, of bast, from Northern Europe * Crakow, shoes from Poland with long toes popular in the 15th century * Galesh, of textile, from Iran * Geta, of wood, from Japan * Opanci, of leather, from Balkans * Pampooties, of hide, from Ireland * Socks * Trainer/Sneaker/Ankle socks * Diabetic sock

Philippine Shoes
Globalization has changed the way businesses position their products. It has become competitive in the world due to the threat of foreign products taking away their market shares. Thus, the shoe industry in the Philippines has started changing the way they make their shoes. The designs and quality are the primary factor that shoes would sell in the market. But you will notice as you go about your normal day of shopping that the shoes made in the Philippines are indeed very competitive.
Another problem is how to compete with the much lower price of Chinese goods. Hence, you will not only think of quality and designs but also how to compete with products coming from China and other countries also.
But the problem was already addressed by the shoe manufacturers in the Philippines. As you can see their designs and quality are getting better making more Filipinos patronize their own products. The price is also reasonable just enough for everyone’s budget. There are many local products that have been a hit with the customers like:
Janilyn – very beautiful, sexy and fashionable shoes
Hotwinds – quite an amazing collection of shoes
Rusty Lopez – function meets style
There is a problem with the shoe industry in the Philippines but it can be help if the Filipino consumers will continue to patronize locally made shoes and other products.

Competitive Landscape
Taken as a whole, the Shoe Industry could be described as mature. However, barriers to entry are far from insurmountable. Since demand is largely driven by fashion and demographics, newcomers with a hot product may thrive at the expense of a fading rival. Indeed, the profitability of individual companies depends on their ability to design attractive footwear lines and remain at the forefront of consumers' consciousness.
There are three major product categories within the Shoe Industry and the dynamics of each may differ. The athletic shoe segment, which makes up about 30% of footwear sales, is highly concentrated, as the largest companies comprise a vast majority of the market share. Two players (Nike and adidas) dominate this category, with the giants slugging it out over sponsorship contracts with star athletes and snuffing out the competition using their economies of scale in distribution and marketing. Men's and women's casual and dress shoes make up about 40% of the market (15% men's and 25% women's, respectively). The companies within these categories tend to be smaller than their athletic counterparts and compete on the basis of superior design. Thus, the market for men's and women's shoes is much more fragmented, consisting of a myriad of bit players. Women's shoemakers, in particular, must be lean and flexible to meet the changing tastes of their consumers. Demand here can be fairly cyclical, but the ebb and flow of performance can be attributed more to the individual product portfolio rather than macroeconomic factors. The economy does play a role in demand, though, particularly for products that are more up-market. The remaining 30% is comprised of various niche product categories and boom-or-bust novelty designs.
Competitive Landscape
Taken as a whole, the Shoe Industry could be described as mature. However, barriers to entry are far from insurmountable. Since demand is largely driven by fashion and demographics, newcomers with a hot product may thrive at the expense of a fading rival. Indeed, the profitability of individual companies depends on their ability to design attractive footwear lines and remain at the forefront of consumers' consciousness.
There are three major product categories within the Shoe Industry and the dynamics of each may differ. The athletic shoe segment, which makes up about 30% of footwear sales, is highly concentrated, as the largest companies comprise a vast majority of the market share. Two players (Nike and adidas) dominate this category, with the giants slugging it out over sponsorship contracts with star athletes and snuffing out the competition using their economies of scale in distribution and marketing. Men's and women's casual and dress shoes make up about 40% of the market (15% men's and 25% women's, respectively). The companies within these categories tend to be smaller than their athletic counterparts and compete on the basis of superior design. Thus, the market for men's and women's shoes is much more fragmented, consisting of a myriad of bit players. Women's shoemakers, in particular, must be lean and flexible to meet the changing tastes of their consumers. Demand here can be fairly cyclical, but the ebb and flow of performance can be attributed more to the individual product portfolio rather than macroeconomic factors. The economy does play a role in demand, though, particularly for products that are more up-market. The remaining 30% is comprised of various niche product categories and boom-or-bust novelty designs.
In Europe, the footwear industry has declined in the last years. While in 2005, there were about 27.000 firms, in 2008 there were only 24.000. As well as the number of firms, the direct employment has decreased. The only factors that remained almost steady was the value added at factor cost and production value.[7]
In the U.S., the annual footwear industry revenue was $48 billion in 2012. There are about 29.000 shoe stores in the U.S. and the shoe industry employs about 189.000 people. [8] Due to rising imports, these numbers are also declining. The only way of staying afloat in the shoe market is to establish a presence in niche markets.[9]

Generations of Filipinos grew up wearing the local products, and Marikina-made snake-skin shoes became the toast of Fifth Avenue in the early-1980s, the city boasts on its website.
But Marikina's shoe-makers -- and the shoe museum -- have suffered setbacks in recent years. Massive flooding from tropical storm Ketsana last year damaged the museum as well as many shoe-makers' facilities and inventory.
The storm and the foreign competition took their toll. From the mid-1990s peak of 3,000, only about 200 Marikina shoemaking factories remain, said Roger Py, director-general of the Philippine Footwear Federation.

Government figures show that Philippine footwear exports in 2009 dropped 19.5 percent over the previous year to 25.96 million dollars.
Exports hit their peak at 176.3 million dollars in 1994 but have fallen sharply over the years.
Many visiting foreign buyers are still impressed by the quality of Philippine footwear, said Merlinda Diaz, an officer in the government's Bureau of Export Trade Promotion.
"But then they ask for China-level prices and the deal falls through," Diaz recalled.
Smuggling compounds the problem, with huge volumes of foreign shoes being sold at prices no local company can compete with, said Py.
The solution is not to compete with the high-volume production of these countries, he said.
"We avoid meeting the competition head-on in the cheap footwear sector. We go for the middle and the high-end," said Py, who also heads Stefano Footwear, a major local manufacturer.
The local cobblers are now targeting smaller boutique stores in developed countries, where low prices are not the main attraction, he said.
The rising wages in China are also making Marikina shoes more competitive, Py added.
"China is becoming expensive, Vietnam is not that cheap either. We just have to go out and sell ourselves," he said.