...Human Body Systems By: Thomas McDonough 5/1/15 Biology Period 5A Table of Contents Chapter 1 The Skeletal System Chapter 2 The Muscular System Chapter 3 The Integumentary System Chapter 4 The Circulatory System Chapter 5 The Respiratory System Chapter 6 The Digestive and Excretory Systems Chapter 7 The Nervous System Chapter 8 The Immune and Endocrine Systems Introduction The human body. A collection of organ systems that make up you, a living thing. But how does that work? How does your body function? The goal of this book is to help you understand all of that. As previously stated, the human body is a collection of organ systems. But what is an organ system? An organ system is a...
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...Systems of the Human Body There are many systems in the human body. These systems include the circulatory system, respiratory system, immune system, skeletal system, excretory system, urinary system, muscular system, endocrine system, digestive system, nervous system and the reproductive system. I will give the basics on each system. The circulatory system includes the heart and blood vessels. It pumps blood to the body which sends oxygen to the cells and takes away waste. The respiratory system includes the nose, trachea and lungs and is needed to deliver oxygen to the blood and also to take away carbon dioxide from the body. Then, there is the Immune system which helps to keep the body stay well and free from diseases. In the immune system, are different kinds of cells, proteins, organs and tissue like our skin which is the very first line of defense for the immune system. The skeletal system includes the bones and helps us stay upright and able to move and protects the body’s organs along with the muscular system which is made up of the muscles. The excretory system includes the lungs, large intestine and kidneys. Its job is get rid of the waste that the body makes in the form of exhaling carbon dioxide from the lungs, feces from the large intestine and urine from the kidneys. . The urinary system is made up of the bladder and kidneys and is actually part of the excretory system as it rids our bodies of waste in the form of urine. The digestive system includes...
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...Human Body System Research Skeletal System Functions: The Skeletal system performs vital functions; supports movement, protection, blood cell production, calcium storage and endocrine regulation. That enables the human body to survive. Main Parts / Structures and Functions: The skeleton is divided into two major parts: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton forms the central axis of the body and includes skull, spine, ribs, and sternum. The appendicular skeleton includes the appendages, which are the shoulders, arms, hips, and legs. Example of Cell Specialization: Osteoprogenitor Cells: Osteoprogenitor cells are immature cells that are mainly based in the bone marrow (a soft fatty substance in the...
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...Seeing how the human body functions is something that intrigues many people. The body is made up of many different systems. “These systems include the integumentary system, skeletal system, muscular system, lymphatic system, respiratory system, digestive system, nervous system, endocrine system, cardiovascular system, urinary system, and reproductive systems.” (Lutz, 2013) All of these systems are used to make the body function properly, but the main systems that are well known are the skeletal system, muscular system, and the cardiovascular system. The skeletal system is primarily about bones and cartilage. This system is the foundation of the human body. Without it, we wouldn’t be able to stand or move. We’d be blobs. The muscular system...
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...The Bodies Exhibition at the South Street Seaport in New York City is one of several exhibitions of its kind around the world that was first displayed on August 20, 2005 in Tampa, Florida. Similar exhibitions are showing in Vienna, Madrid, Buenos Aires, Barcelona, Cincinnati, Santiago, Prague, Branson, Pittsburgh, San Diego, Las Vegas, Fort Lauderdale, Hartford, and Washington D.C. The exhibit is unique, consisting of real human bodies in various forms of disembowelment. Each body system was addressed in its own individual exhibit, starting with the skeletal system and progressing through the muscular, nervous, circulatory, digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive systems plus an exhibit on fetal development. Healthy and diseased specimens were showcased in each exhibit. As you walk through the South Street Seaport, arrows with the word “Bodies” lead you to the exhibit itself. The ticket prices were a little steep, but with a coupon the price came to $21.95 for one adult admission. As soon as you walk into the main building, there are posters and pictures of the exhibits everywhere. Also everywhere were helpful and friendly staff, who lead us to wherever we needed to go eagerly and with a smile. After being informed of the general rules, i.e. no food or drink, no photography, etc, we were allowed inside. Once inside the actual exhibits, it takes a moment to really absorb the fact that the display in front of you is actually a real human body. There are special lights...
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...Unit / Title |Assignment Title | |Unit 5: Anatomy and Physiology for Health and Social Care |The role of energy in the body (Assignment 2 of 3) | |Date Issued |Completion Date | |02/11/15 |16/11/15 | |Learner Name |Assessor Name | | |Geraldine Whitehorn | |Task No. |Deadline |Unit Outcome | |1 |16/11/15 |Understand the functioning of the body systems associated with energy metabolism | |Grading Criteria | |Task no. |Criteria |To achieve the criteria the...
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...healthcare economy and of our body system, in order for a human body to function, from the smallest cell down to the largest system of our body, regardless of their size and shape, they must work in perfect harmony, without flaws or any type of interruptions. If problems occur, for example simple wounds, we do our best to fix it, using treatment method as simple as a band-aid, to prevent further infection. Likewise, if that problem does not conform to simple care, we even go as far as utilizing large monetary means to cure the problem. On the same way, but on a larger scale, healthcare composes of different types of functions; it starts from hospitals, outpatient centers, Veterans Affairs (VA), and other clinics, down to ancillary services [ (Johnson, 2009) ]. All of these branches have to function, according to its design, in order to attain the right balance of healthcare. If it requires patching up holes that causes the problem, it must be completed efficiently, to prevent further problem to us, or to the economy. Known for consuming most of its gross domestic product (GDP), the United States (US) healthcare system, while its cost continuous to rise, follows with the negative impact to doctors and patients, it continuously slips away from remedies [ (Janecka, 2009) ]. In addition, the current structural state of healthcare and its designed, seems to contradict with its principles, all equates to considerable damage to the healthcare system [ (Janecka, 2009) ]. In the same...
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...Bodily Systems and the Spatial-Functional Structure of the Human Body Barry Smith, PhD1,2, Igor Papakin1, Katherine Munn1 1Institute for Formal Ontology and Medical Information Science Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany 2Department of Philosophy, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA Abstract. The human body as conceived by medical science is a system made of systems. The body is divided into bodily systems proper, such as the endocrine and circulatory systems. These are subdivded into many subsystems at a variety of levels whereby all systems and subsystems engage in massive causal interaction with other systems and subsystems. In this essay we offer an explicit definition of bodily system, and explicit means for understanding these causal interactions. Whereas informality is acceptable in documentation created for human beings, it falls short of what is needed for computer representations. In our analysis we will define bodily system, and will take some first steps toward understanding the causal relationships bodily systems have with their subsystems. 1. Introduction Ontology plays an increasingly significant role in work on terminology and knowledge management systems in the domain of biomedical informatics, and we hold that it will play an essential role in biomedical research of the future. The term ‘ontology’ must, however, be understood in the right way [1]. The dominant paradigm might be referred to as ‘applications...
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...Regulatory Behavior Paper PSY/340 2/9/2015 Tiffany Tibbs Regulatory Behavior Paper Temperature is very important in many ways and more than one and is very vital to human and animal lives. As humans we don’t hibernate but, animals do and it is amazing how smart they are that they literally will tuck away for spring and some for winter. Researchers tend to think it’s because certain animals are mating but, in actuality it’s just too cold for them. Even as I look out my window and see the smaller birds who I feed throughout the year, peaking above my ledge right outside my window peeking for food, they do not want to come out at all. The research team hypothesized that there was a minimum weight threshold below which the birds have been limited yet are needed to test the validity of this interesting hypothesis. For example, and in stark contrast to behavioral studies. Hypothesis on what defines the cognitive rift between humans and animals. He identifies four key differences in human thought that make it unique. Animals, for example, have "laser beam" intelligence, in which a specific solution is used to solve a specific problem. But these solutions cannot be applied to new situations or to solve different kinds of problem. In contrast, humans have "floodlight" cognition, allowing us to use thought processes in new ways and to apply the solution of one problem to another situation Their behavior is almost survival and unlike ducks and larger bird like wild turkey they...
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...basic human body structure units and their functions. The four basic human structure units are : * Cells * Tissues * Organs * Systems Cells : These are the basic structural unit of the body that maintain life. Every person consists of billions of cells that perform a infinite number of tasks in order to maintain the continuation of life. These live independently and can reproduce themselves. A cell also comes in different shapes and sizes depending on their function within the stability of life, for example, a mature red blood cell is less than 1mm in diameter and their function is to transport oxygen around the body. Tissues : Tissue is a collection of cells, not identical but a similar function, specialised to perform a specific function. Tissue comes in many different forms including blood, muscle, glands and bone(such as cartilage). These can also form nerve tissue to which are cells that specially conduct electrochemical nerve impulses throughout the body. Organs : All organs are formed when tissue combines with other forms of cells. This then gives you a structural unit, for example, a heart, that perform a specific function. Other examples of organs include the eye, liver, stomach, testis, uterus and kidneys all with their own particular function in sustaining life. Systems : System are cells, tissues and organs all working together to get a final outcome. For example, your digestive system needs a mouth, because without it the system is floored...
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...explain about background of project, objectives, problem statement, scope of project. i. Project Title Car Jack with pneumatic system. ii. Abstract The students design a new model car jack with pneumatic system. Pneumatic system is a power transmission system that uses the force of flowing gases to transmit power. A problem statement about car jack is a lot of people need an ergonomics design to reduce musculoskeletal disorders. Musculoskeletal disorders can affect the body’s muscles, joints, tendond, ligament, and nerves. Such as the discs in back bones. The scope of the project is the students have to design a car jack with the ergonomics design based on the human body. There are three main parts of the product. The first parts is spiral balloon. The second part is one way control valve. The third part is hose lock. iii. Keyword Carjack, ergonomics, design, pneumatic system, human body. iv. Background of Project The project is an assignment of the Industrial Design and Ergonomics. Based on the ergomics and human function, the student must design a car jack with ergonomics to help human. In this time, car jack help people to change tire. But a lot of the car jack, use a lot of energy from operator the car jack. So, we design a new model car jack with pneumatic system. Pneumatic system is a power transmission system that uses the force of flowing gases to transmit power. So, we don’t use a lot of energy to lift the car. There are three main parts...
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...Exercise Physiology Lab Lab Questions: Q 1) Which human body system's activity was most affected by exercise? Explain why you think this was the case. A 1) The Human body system's activity that was most affected by exercise was the circulatory system. It was the circulatory system because it was the system that increased the most after exercise. I think this is the case because it had to work the most and it had the most effect on the body. Q 2) Which human body system's activity was least affected by exercise? Explain why you think this is the case. A 2) The human body system's activity that was least affected by exercise was the muscular system. It was the muscular system because it only increased by 9% after exercise. I think this is the case because it didn't have a lasting effect on the body. Q 3) On a separate sheet of paper, please type an essay fully explaining how all of the following concepts are related to each other. Include the necessary equations, name any body systems involved. Effectively, create a story linking all of these terms together. • amount of glucose usage • oxygen intake () • heart rate () • rate of breathing () • number of repetitions of a certain muscular-moving exercise • muscle cramping • rate of ATP production () • carbon Dioxide output () A 3) When you Exercise you notice several things about your body. You breathe heavier and faster, you take in more oxygen and let out more carbon dioxide, your heart beats faster, your muscles...
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...College of Engineering [IEG350] Ergonomics Work Analysis Introduction to Ergonomics Source: Work Systems and the Methods, Measurement, and Management of Work by Groover, M. P., Pearson Education, 2007 Dr. Suat Kasap Physical and Cognitive Demands Most work activities require a combination of physical and cognitive exertions Ergonomics • An applied scientific discipline concerned with how humans interact with the tools and equipment they use while performing tasks and other activities • Derived from the Greek words ergon, meaning work, and nomos, meaning laws • The word ergonomics was coined by British scientist K. F. H. Murrell and entered the English language in 1949 IEG 350 Lecture 2- 3 Human Factors • Human factors is synonymous with ergonomics • Ergonomics emphasizes work physiology and anthropometry Europe – industrial work systems • Human factors emphasizes experimental psychology and systems engineering U.S. – military work systems IEG 350 Lecture 2- 4 Objectives in Ergonomics Greater ease of interaction between user and machine Avoid errors and mistakes Greater comfort and satisfaction in use of the equipment Reduce stress and fatigue Greater efficiency and productivity Safer operation Avoid accidents and injuries IEG 350 Lecture 2- 5 Ergonomics Application Areas • Work system design Objectives: safety, accident avoidance, improved functional performance Also includes...
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...testing should be banned because we don’t need the next eyeliner and we have a different body system than animals. Claim: My claim is that we should not do animal testing. First Argument: The first reason why is that they kill animals just to have the next medicine,soap, and food ingredient. My first piece of evidence: Right now there are millions of animals such as dogs, cats, rats, mice, and primates getting tortured just to get the next product of eyeliner. In a recent article by PETA they said that “More than 100 million animals every year suffer and die in cruel chemical, drug, food, and cosmetics tests”(PETA), just to see if the products work. There are some countries such as Europe are getting away from buying products that were animal tested. China is different, they are continuing to sell animal cosmetics. What are cosmetics? A product applied to the body, especially the face, to improve its appearance. In 2014 “China spent 26.3 billion dollars, just on cosmetics”(Jeanne Kim). This proves that people should not kill animals just to get the next resource. The second piece of evidence: Animals are suffering mentally and physically in the facilities where they are getting treated. In the “United States there are over 1,100 facilities” where dogs, cats, rats, mice, and primates are suffering from all of the chemicals that are getting put in there body(NHES). At the facilities they to procedures like putting a tube in a animals eye, or forcing...
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... nerve cells, bone cells, etc. | LEVEL 2 - Tissues * Made up of cells that are similar in structure and function and which work together to perform a specific activity * Examples - blood, nervous, bone, etc. Humans have 4 basic tissues: connective, epithelial, muscle, and nerve. | LEVEL 3 - Organs * Made up of tissues that work together to perform a specific activity * Examples - heart, brain, skin, etc. | LEVEL4 - Organ Systems * Groups of two or more tissues that work together to perform a specific function for the organism. * Examples - circulatory system, nervous system, skeletal system, etc. * The Human body has 11 organ systems - circulatory, digestive, endocrine, excretory (urinary), immune(lymphatic), integumentary, muscular, nervous, reproductive, respiratory, and skeletal. | LEVEL 5 - Organisms * Entire living things that can carry out all basic life processes. Meaning they can take in materials, release energy from food, release wastes, grow, respond to the environment, and reproduce. * Usually made up of organ systems, but an organism may be made up of only one cell such as bacteria or protist. * Examples - bacteria, amoeba, mushroom, sunflower, human | Levels of Structural Organization in the human body The human body has 6 main levels of structural organization. We will begin this lesson with the simplest level within the structural hierarchy. Chemical level– is the simplest level within the structural hierarchy. The chemical...
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