...economy’, which includes the make-up, skincare and hair production and so on. Due to the beauty of nature, there is a huge demand for the cosmetics in the economic market. The corporations of cosmetics are the main supplies of the beauty products. As the blooming development of cosmetics industries, some phenomenon is involved in argument, which have exert an harm on people and the society even though they do not violate the current law. In this research paper, three main ethics problem will be discussed. This paper will give a brief background on each phenomenon, and then give the arguments and problems of it by using the ethics theories and case. Finally, some suggestions and measurement will be given to each problem. Key words: ethics, animal-test, advertising manipulate, double standard, Corporate social responsibility Introduction Cosmetics industry is called “the beauty economy”, devoted to develop the products of skincare and make-up both for woman and man. Due to the pressure from employment and mating (lipstick effect), people, especially woman most likely tend to spend their money on buying cosmetics, in order to enhance their beauty on their appearance and body. Consumers in America spend $45 Billion on cosmetics and beauty products the cosmetics industry makes billions of dollars each year from people's quest for great skin. Different from other industries like clothing or automobile, beauty products are directly applied to consumer and absorbed by people...
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...People's Friendship University of Russia Department of International Relations Student: Stefan Unertl Student-ID: 1032115182 Research paper „Terrorist activity“ in Austria The Association Against Animal Factories (VgT – Verein gegen Tierfabriken) and its struggle for animal rights by Stefan Unertl Moscow, December 2011 Table of content 1. Introduction 2. The Association Against Animal Factories (AAAF) and its activities in Austria and 2.1. The AAAF against Kleiderbauer 3. The trial 4. Outcome/Conclusion 1. Introduction The Association Against Animal Factories is a non-governmental organization which is active not only in Austria but also in Switzerland and has good connections to the worldwide animal rights association, PeTa. Its main goal is to improve animal rights in Austria. Their work is dedicated to the reduction of exploitation or abuse of animals. Due to their ongoing activities, the association has to face many difficulties in Austria. Not only that their actions of protest are supervised by the police but also that every organization, like an NGO, can be convicted as a “criminal organization” based upon the paragraph 278a in the Austrian criminal code when this organization is supposed to commit frequently acts of violence or has a structure resembling it to a criminal organization (Mafia, etc.). Due to this vague article it had been criticized by many people not only in politics but also in the population. The first time this article gained unintentionally...
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...[Professor Name] [Course Number] [Date] Scientists say animal testing is unethical and should be prohibited A good or sound argument makes a claim and offers reasons and evidence in support of that claim. It also anticipates opposing viewpoints and acknowledges, accommodates, and/or refutes them. Think about your audience and what you feel they need to hear, the subject you feel is of greatest concern to your audience, and discover what most affects your audience. You will begin this assignment by thinking of three topics. I and your classmates will help you choose the strongest of those. You will need to consider the assignment, but you will also need to recognize this is not an “issue” paper. You will need to consult the Taboo List. From the point of topic selection, you research will begin. I will be giving you some sp We will be covering the many components of argument in upcoming meetings. Argument is a big subject, and we will be taking our time covering elements of proof, logic, fallacies, and counter argument. Document Type: Argumentative essay Style: MLA Actual Order Pages: 3 References: 6 Academic Level: Masters Subject Type: English Language: US English Line Spacing: Double (Standard) Font Face: Times New Roman Word Count: 825 Sources / References: 1- Two books- Salem Press, EBSCOhost eBooks or Google Books, etc. 2- Two online sources- Google Scholar, JSTOR, EBSCOhost or government sources (Census Bureau, Centers for Disease Control...
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...Animal Testing/Experimentation For many years, scientists have been testing new products such as shampoo, lotion, and cosmetics products on animals to test for safety. Testing these animals may involve harming the animals through excessive use of lethal chemicals which may lead to the deaths of these animals. Although animal testing may prove to be effective for proving whether a product is potentially dangerous or not, animal experimentation is an inhumane practice which is made unnecessary through the alternatives modern technology has created in replacement of animal testing. In the process of making new products, many animals undergo cruel tests for the benefits of commercial and human use. In the article “19,000 Animals Killed in Automotive Crash Tests,” “about 19,000 dogs, rabbits, pigs, ferrets, rats and mice have been killed during the last decade in automobile safety tests performed by the General Motors Corporation” (19,000 Animals Killed). This was the ironic and brutal treatment for animals in this highly technological automobile Corporation, even though there were advances of “computer models and dummies” (19,000 Animals Killed) that allowed the testers of the automobile to predict the outcomes of the injuries. Animals are also used to test cosmetics for irritation on skin. According to the article “Secret French move to block animal-testing ban,” Andrew Osborn states that “38,000 animals are used and killed in developing cosmetics in the EU every year”. The number...
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...Animal Testing Introduction The application of animals to test a large number of products from household compounds and cosmetics to Pharmaceutical products has been considered to be a normal strategy for many years. Laboratory animals are generally used in three primary fields: biomedical research, product security evaluation and education. (Animal Experiments) It has been estimated that approximately, 20 million animals are being used for testing and are killed annually; about 15 million of them are used to test for medication and five million for other products. Reports have been generated to indicate that about 10 percent of these animals are not being administered with painkillers. The supporters of animal rights are pressurizing government agencies to inflict severe regulations on animal research. However, such emerging criticisms of painful experimentation on animals are coupled with an increasing concern over the cost it would have on the limitation of scientific progress. (Of Cures and Creatures Great and Small) Around the world, animals are utilized to test products ranging from shampoo to new cancer drugs. Each and every medication used by humans is first tested on the animals. Animals were also applied to develop anesthetics to ease human ailments and suffering during surgery. (Animal Experiments) Currently, questions have been raised about the ethics surround animal testing. As a result several regulations have been put in place to evaluate and control the...
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...Animal Testing: Pros and Cons An Exploratory Research Paper Dallin P. Curtis Arizona State University Main Body "There will come a day when such men as myself will view the slaughter of innocent creatures as horrible a crime as the murder of his fellow man- Our task must be to free ourselves- by widening our circle of compassion to embrace all living creatures and the whole nature and its beauty." -Albert Einstein (1879-1955). Animal testing is an issue in today's general public that, regardless if anybody understands it, does influence each of us. Is some some testing needed by law? Medical advances, for example, transplants, antibodies, and drugs were all tried on animals before they were utilized on people. However, does government law guarantee that creatures utilized as a part of examination and testing are dealt with compassionately? Today there are a lot of individuals who are against animal testing in lab research. Frequently asking what are other options for utilizing animals as a part of therapeutic studies? Animal testing is expected to advance the wellbeing of people, yet the procedures often include hurting innocent creatures. The individuals who are for animal testing for the most part bolster investigative examination and medical advancement. The two principle ideals with respect to animal testing is that it is heartless and oppressive to creatures, while others feel that there are insufficient willing individuals that organizations need to better help...
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...Imagine this situation: a new company is testing an eye care product on a subject. In the test, a substance is placed in one eye of the subject, with the other eye serving as a control. The subjects are restrained, preventing them from responding naturally to the irritation, and their eyes are evaluated after one hour and then at 24-hour intervals for up to 14 days. Some continue to be evaluated up to three weeks later. The level of irritation to the eyes is scored numerically by observation of the three major tissues of the eye (cornea, conjunctiva, and iris). The subjects suffer from redness, bleeding, ulcers, and even blindness, and are likely killed upon completion of the experiment. The subjects were in fact rabbits in tests called “animal testing.” Animal testing has raised huge debates worldwide that has raised many questions. How important is animal testing for us humans? Are the results going to be the same? Most importantly, should we ban animal testing for the sake of the animals? Animal testing is a phrase that most people have heard but are perhaps still unsure of exactly what is involved. Whether it is called animal testing, animal experimentation or animal research, it refers to the experimentation carried out on animals. It is used to assess the safety and effectiveness of everything from medication to cosmetics, as well as understanding how the human body works. Animal testing, also known as animal research, plays a crucial role in scientists' understanding of...
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...Introduction Whether animal experimentation is justified or not has been undecided for many decades. Many years back, the debate was carried out by animal rights groups which were led by the Cambridge University to get rid of its plan for a primate research in 2004. Since this debate, many supporters have become more confident in speaking out what they believe and getting their points across to people. In this written report, I will be including both sides of the argument which enable me to form my opinion as well as conclusion. Do you believe that animal testing is justified? Or do you believe its not? Well you will find out what I believe at the end of this report. What is animal experimentation? Animal testing is the use of non-human animals in scientific experimentation. Annually, it’s been estimated that 50 to 100 million vertebrate animals worldwide from zebra fish to non-human primates are used to experiment upon. Most animals after being experimented on, they are euthanized. Animal experimentation is used for many products such as cosmetics, drugs, household products, medication, industrial chemicals, pesticides and several more. [1] How did animal experimentation begin? The history of animal experimentation goes right back to the writings of the Greeks in the 3rd and 4th centuries BCE. Aristotle and Erasistratus were the first to perform experiments on living animals. Galen also known as the “father of vivisection” was a physician in the 2nd century...
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...an interest group, with examples. The interest group that I will discuss in this paper is the one of the most well-known animal rights groups in the world; People for the ethical treatment of animals, commonly known as, PETA. Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland. The group first came to public attention in 1981 during the Silver Spring monkey’s case, a dispute about experiments conducted by researcher Edward Taub on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland. (Eldercare Home Health, 2012) The case led to the first police raid in the United States on an animal laboratory, triggered an amendment in 1985 to the United States Animal Welfare Act, and became the first animal-testing case to be appealed to the United States Supreme Court, which upheld a Louisiana State Court ruling that denied PETA's request for custody of the monkeys. Pacheco had taken a job in May 1981 inside a primate research laboratory at the Institute, intending to gain firsthand experience of working inside an animal laboratory. Taub had been cutting sensory ganglia that supplied nerves to the monkeys' fingers, hands, arms, and legs, a process...
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...Animal testing is a lot more common than we think, testing cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, vaccines for humans, and many more products. But as human beings with a large emotional capacity, there’s always something in us that tells us this isn’t right. Animal testing is a controversial topic, particularly amongst animal rights activists. Animal Testing is used when scientists aren’t sure if the substances used in the materials could cause harm to human beings. While animal testing may provide reliable scientific research, our ethics as human beings proves there are more reliable ways to obtain research, without harming animals. Scientists have been using animals for testing for a very long time, and no one doubted it. Until we saw pictures of these animals, dogs, cats, bunnies, rats most famously, primates, and many other species of animals that we bring into our home, feed and call our family members being tortured, burned with chemicals, and injected with toxic substances and many other forms. Animal testing is rarely performed with the comfort of the animals in mind. Rodents are forced to live in crammed conditions and larger animals are forced to live in spaces so small that they aren’t able to stretch their legs. This causes extreme physiological stress on the animals, causing test results to be inaccurate. Experts say that 90% of tests that prove to be safe on animals turn out to be dangerous to humans. Additionally, animals are often tested for things are not related to...
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...humans and animals are different. Animals do not have some rights as humans because there "is no morality for them and animals do any moral wrong. Therefore it is impossible to empower the same rights to humans and animals, and animals should not be considered for the same position as humans. For example, the laws of human provide us a guarantee that every person has the right of not being hurt. If the application is also suitable to the animal, of course scientists should not be allowed to use animals in the experiments, but the laws of the animal world cannot offer that, because of the fact that wild animals prey on other animals for their food. It is conceivable that animals do not have a sense of duty like people, so they should not be equated with human beings. However, using animals for scientific experiments should not be argued. Using animals is not mistreating animals, the use of scientific research has a more meaningful and essential purpose. Secondly animal testing standards are acceptable as they are controlled by many laws and regulations. In Australia, all research and teaching that involves the use of animals must be according to the "Australian code of Practice for the care and use of animals for scientific purposes." Each animal testing must be assessed by an" institutional Animal Ethics Committee (AEC)". The AEC decides whether or not an experiment can be conducted, and can place provisions on the numbers of animals used. The AEC prevents animals from being...
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...change the situation and to comply with the WHO code, the criticism to nestle should be stop. Since I have made too much discussion about how nestle is an ethical corporation with high CSR consciousness now I want to give another example — The Body Shop. The Body Shop International PLC is a global cosmetics company launched in 1976, which was predicated on ethical principles and the values of environmental sustainability, it can be seen as one of the first companies to prohibit the use of ingredients tested on animals, the Body Shop also pioneered Community Trade agreements with countries in the developing world. The company is also attributed for shaping ethical consumerism in the way it has produced and retailed its various consumer products. Here I want to give some real cases of Body Shop to support my argument. Opposition to Animal Testing From the outset, The Body Shop has maintained and publicly declared that it does not test its cosmetic products on animals, nor does it commission others to do so on its behalf, as it considered the practice to be unethical. Indeed, this sentiment became a central facet of the organization’s philosophy and one that set it apart from its main industry competitors. It is also a policy that has served to define the organisation in terms of its ethical stance and one that has been reaffirmed in many of the...
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...70 million animals scalded, force fed chemicals, genetically manipulated, hurt and killed in the USA alone. Is this really necessary? I believe that this torture is cruel and horribly selfish and barbarian. Not only are we harming innocent animals when there are many other valid ways of experimenting but everyday animals are being brutally killed for experiments that aren't even proven to give valuable, reliable results. Animal experimentation is a universal issue which provokes much controversy. As such a provocative subject it inevitably demands much attention. There is an aggressive yet on going argument which furiously debates the ethical question of animal rights against particularly ruthless scientific experiments. There is a plethora of statistics and data which strengthen the fight to ban animal testing, for example opinions of prestigious medical doctors and veterinary surgeons. Also, the misleading and underhanded attempt to disguise the vile treatment of animals by major companies and even charities insinuates that the immorality and pain inflicted upon these innocent creatures is in fact widely recognised, yet ignored. This needs to be changed. The success of animal experimentation is often exaggerated as revealed in a horrifying story told by the 'Daily Mail'. In 2000 a project carried out by Cambridge-based Imutran, which involved transplanting genetically modified pig hearts and kidneys into monkeys was told as a success story, until vital and disturbing evidence...
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...over 1200 products. The Body Shop story is not only of an eminently successful market-oriented manufacturer and retailer of toiletries and cosmetics. Like its founder, the whole organization is committed to issues such as respect for human rights, animal and environmental protection. The organization has arranged and supported national and international campaigns on animal testing in the cosmetic industry and women’s rights. All business organizations need to make a profit to survive but the emphasis at The Body Shop is on profit with a wider social responsibility. The Body Shop Mission Statement * “Dedicate our business to the pursuit of social and environmental change. * Creatively balance the financial and human needs of our stakeholders employees, franchisees, customers, suppliers and shareholders. * Courageously ensure that our business is ecologically sustainable, meeting the needs of the present without compromising the future. * Meaningfully contribute to local, national and international communities in which we trade, by adopting a code of conduct, which ensures care, honesty, fairness and respect. * Passionately campaign for the protection of the environment, human and civil rights and against animal...
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...topic. o Animal experimentation o Outsourcing o Media violence • Answer the following questions in paragraphs of approximately 100 words demonstrating your critical and creative thinking skills. 1. Identify if the topic you chose, as presented by both articles, is a problem or an issue and explain what makes it a problem or an issue. If you believe the articles present both problems and issues, identify and explain what the problems are and what the issues are. The problem is, in order to have medication which is safe for human consumption, it needs to be tested. When the testing needed is based on the use of animals, it becomes an issue because many individuals believe that the research is implacable, barbarous, expensive, and erroneous. It is also argued that it is not necessary and that more emphasis should be put on medical prevention. Supporters of animal research believe that we would not have the medical advances in treatment and medication that we do, were it not for the experiments done on animals and that it is key to preventing disease, . 2. Were the problems or issues expressed effectively? Describe how the problems or issues were or were not best expressed. I believe that both articles effectively expressed the reasons for and against animal experiments for medical purposes. Animal Experimentation Is Vital for Medical Research explains the role which animal research plays in the medical field and focuses on the counterargument of animal rights activists...
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