...How did ideas of moral leadership and ideal leadership change over the course of history, and how did these ideas affect leadership practices, as treated in the Wills text, during specific historical periods and within specific historical contexts? Moral leadership, simply stated, is the fundamental principles of a good society that influence the decisions it’s leaders make. Philosophers have written about their best ideas for their time of history, and as the times changed, ideas changed. Plato, one of the first to capture this idea, believed that a ruler should live in a way where everything he says and does is in agreement with the goal he claims to want to reach. This goal should be for the good of the people. Aristotle went further to state that virtue and justice should describe a community. If there is found a man so great in wisdom and virtue to surpass all, then he should rule, thus assisting the community in the good life. Rousseau tried to find the way to defend the public and protect the civil liberties of the people. Kant offered his thoughts in saying that leaders should protect and support their people by giving them freedom to reason. And finally, Madison claimed that a state should be dedicated to the betterment of society by having leaders who always push the most important interests of a society. The components of ideal leadership are equally as important. Some elements of ideal leaders, according to scholars, include love, courage, temperance, humility...
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...imputación causal mediante la cual se buscan las causas que pudieron dar origen a divergencias entre el tipo ideas de un cierto suceso construido y un suceso concreto. Los tipos ideales de Weber son construcciones intelectuales de un cierto objeto cultural, que se forman por la síntesis de muchos sucesos concretos individuales arreglados de acuerdo con un cierto acentuado punto de vista del investigador de acuerdo con la función que va a cumplir. Esa construcción, no se encuentra en la realidad, es una construcción ideal. Tipos de ideales: 1.- El tipo ideal histórico. Es el tipo que se puede formular en una época determinada. Por ejemplo el tipo ideal de libre mercado. 2.-El tipo ideal de sociología general. Es el tipo que se refiere a fenómenos que se dan a lo largo de todos los periodos históricos y en todas las sociedades. 3.-El tipo ideal de la acción social. Es el tipo de la conducta de un actor determinado por sus motivaciones. 4.- El tipo ideal...
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...Kinetic Theory Objectives • Describe how the kinetic-molecular theory is used to explain how gases behave at different temperatures. (Exploration 1) • Analyze data that shows how gas particle mass affects that gas’s behavior. (Exploration 2) • Describe the Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution. (Explorations 1 and 2) Description of Activity The kinetic-molecular theory states that a collection of gas molecules’ average kinetic energy has a specific value at any given temperature. In this activity, you will study how temperature and gas particle mass affect the frequency distribution of gas particle speeds. You will examine and analyze speed frequency distribution graphs. This distribution is called the Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution. Jump Start 1. What is kinetic energy? 2. What is thermal energy? 3. What happens to a gas’s thermal energy as that gas’s temperature increases? 4. What happens to the average speeds of the particles in a gas when one increases that gas’s temperature? Safety Discussion If you conduct this experiment in a laboratory setting, be aware that gases heated in a closed container could result in the container exploding. Exploration 1: The Effect of Temperature on Gas Behavior Procedure 1. Choose any gas from the list box. 2. Set Temperature to any value. Observe the shape of the frequency distribution of speeds graph. Sketch this graph. Record...
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...What impression do we get of Crooks here? Crooks is known by his disability. This is represented when the narrator says ‘crooks the negro stable buck’. This suggests that not much respect is shown to Crooks because he has been labelled by his disability. The fact that we are unaware of Crooks real name proves this. Furthermore, he is also known by his race “negro”. This implies that Crooks is racially segregated from other ranch workers. He shares most of his room with the Horses belongings. ‘Both for himself and the horses’. In my opinion, this shows how unfairly the boss treats Crooks. This is because he already has a little room as it is and because he is a permanent ranch worker he needs a lot of room. If most of the room will be covered by the Horses belongings there won’t be a lot of room for Crooks possessions. Due to Crooks disability, he is a permanent ranch worker. This meant that he could leave his things lying around with anyone having a say. ‘Accumulated more possessions than he could carry on his back’. My interpretation of this Crooks has a lot of possessions which he has but only has a little room to them all in. Previously in the novel we are aware that Crooks is unable to socialise with the other ranch workers. He has been isolated because of his skin colour. Therefore ‘he kept his distance and demanded other people had kept theirs’. This tells the reader how upfront and close minded of a character Crooks is. Crooks also has a book called the “California...
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...ISAT 2010 INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ISAT 2010 1 PAPER I – PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY AND MATHEMATICS Page 1 OF 12 SET - B The figure , on the right, shows a jar filled with two liquids of densities ρ and ρ/2 that do not mix. A cylinder made of a material of density 3ρ/4 is held in the jar at various depths starting from the position where the lower surface of the cylinder touches the upper surface AB of the liquid. Which of the following schematic curves best describes the buoyancy force F on the cylinder as a function of the displacement from the starting position? A B h h F F O (a) h O (b) h F F O (c) h O O (d) h ISAT 2010 – Paper I 1 SET-B ISAT 2010 INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ISAT 2010 PAPER I – PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY AND MATHEMATICS Page 2 OF 12 SET - B 2. An infinitely large surface of uniform charge density has a disc of radius R cut out (see figure). The magnitude of the electric field at a distance a above the centre of the disc is given by 3. All the five capacitors shown in the figure have the same capacitance C. The battery has emf V. The charge on the capacitor T is (a) zero (b) CV (c) CV /3 (d) CV /5 ISAT 2010 – Paper I 2 SET-B ISAT 2010 INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ISAT 2010 PAPER I – PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY AND MATHEMATICS Page 3 OF 12 SET - B 4. The figure shows a wire mesh of infinite extent, such...
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...“Wilde empowers his female characters but also undermines them”. To what extent do you agree with this view? Wilde’s comedy of manners play, The Importance of Being Earnest, holds a satirical outlook on Victorian life. Wilde uses both satire and farce in his play written and set in 1895 to depict a slightly exaggerated version of society as it was, with all its forms of hypocrisy, double standards and repression of women. Wilde chose to invert the usual gender roles in Victorian literature by portraying the women with a position of power and influence in their relationships and the men as fairly passive. However, as Jack Worthing and Algernon Moncrieff “Bunbury” about the women they love, they appear to dominate not only their facades but the women’s own lives and relationships. In addition, Wilde uses comedic effects throughout the play when presenting Lady Bracknell, Gwendolen Fairfax and Cecily Cardew, allowing them to be seen collectively as foolish and incredibly naïve. Lady Bracknell is first and foremost a symbol of Victorian earnestness. Initially, we see that she is powerful, arrogant, conservative, and proper. In many ways, she represents Wilde's negative opinion of the Victorian upper-class, their power and conservative and repressive values. Lady Bracknell's authority and power are extended over each and every character in the play. Her decision about the suitability of both marriages in the play provides the conflict of the story. She tells her daughter quite...
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...SOLUTION MANUAL ENGLISH UNIT PROBLEMS CHAPTER 3 SONNTAG • BORGNAKKE • VAN WYLEN FUNDAMENTALS of Thermodynamics Sixth Edition Sonntag, Borgnakke and Wylen CHAPTER 3 SUBSECTION Concept-Study Guide Problems Phase diagrams General Tables Ideal Gas Compressibility Factor Review Problems PROB NO. 128-132 133-134 135-145 146-148 149, 157, 158 150-156 Correspondence table The correspondence between the problem set in this sixth edition versus the problem set in the 5'th edition text. Problems that are new are marked new and the SI number refers to the corresponding SI unit problem. New 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 5th Ed. new new new new new new 61E 68E a-c 68E d-f new 70E 73E 74E new 76E SI 5 7 9 11 17 23 27 30 30 40 36 47 41 44 51 New 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 5th Ed. 77E new 79E 62E new 69E c+d 70E d 72E 64E new 81E new 71E 80E 83E 65E 66E SI 53 62 58 69 65 81 113 74 49 99 95 61 106 89 - Sonntag, Borgnakke and Wylen Concept Problems 3.128E Cabbage needs to be cooked (boiled) at 250 F. What pressure should the pressure cooker be set for? Solution: If I need liquid water at 250 F I must have a pressure that is at least the saturation pressure for this temperature. Table F.7.1: 250 F Psat = 29.823 psia. 3.129E If I have 1 ft3 of ammonia at 15 psia, 60 F how much mass is that? Ammonia Tables F.8: F.8.1 Psat = 107.64 psia at 60 F so superheated vapor. F.8.2 v = 21.5641 ft3/lbm under subheading...
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...ME 416 Computer Assisted Design of Thermal Systems Actual Compressor Calculations 1. Use guidelines for ideal gas turbomachinery to calculate ideal specific work and power. 2. Calculate volume flow rate in cubic feet per minute at the compressor inlet 3. Use the Brake Horsepower for a Generic Centrifugal Compressor graph to determine the basic brake horsepower. 4. Calculate the actual power by multiplying the basic brake horsepower by the ratio of the inlet pressure (in psig) to 14.5. This will give actual power in units of horsepower. You may wish to convert it to watts. 5. Calculate the actual specific work by dividing the actual power (in W) by the mass flow rate (in kg). 6. Calculate the actual adiabatic efficiency from ηs = w ideal w act or Wideal Wact 7. Determine the actual exit conditions by first calculating the actual exit enthalpy from h out,act = h in + w act and then using property evaluation to determine the actual exit entropy and temperature. 8. Calculate any second law parameters (such as irreversibility or reversible work) that are needed. 1 ME 416 CAD of Thermal Systems Figure 1. Brake Horsepower for a Generic Centrifugal Compressor 10000 8.0 6.0 4.0 Pressure Ratio 7.0 5.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 Basic Brake Horsepower (hp) 1000 100 1 10 100 Intake Volume Flow Rate (1000 CFM) 2 ME 416 CAD of Thermal Systems Example 1: Single Stage Compressor Air at 105 kPa and 278 K enters a single stage compressor at 5 kg/s and receives...
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...Chemical Engineering Science 60 (2005) 4567 – 4580 www.elsevier.com/locate/ces The effects of particle and gas properties on the fluidization of Geldart A particles M. Ye, M.A. van der Hoef, J.A.M. Kuipers∗ Fundamentals of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands Received 17 November 2004; received in revised form 8 March 2005; accepted 8 March 2005 Abstract We report on 3D computer simulations based on the soft-sphere discrete particle model (DPM) of Geldart A particles in a 3D gas-fluidized bed. The effects of particle and gas properties on the fluidization behavior of Geldart A particles are studied, with focus on the predictions of Umf and Umb , which are compared with the classical empirical correlations due to Abrahamsen and Geldart [1980. Powder Technology 26, 35–46]. It is found that the predicted minimum fluidization velocities are consistent with the correlation given by Abrahamsen and Geldart for all cases that we studied. The overshoot of the pressure drop near the minimum fluidization point is shown to be influenced by both particle–wall friction and the interparticle van der Waals forces. A qualitative agreement between the correlation and the simulation data for Umb has been found for different particle–wall friction coefficients, interparticle van der Waals forces, particle densities, particle sizes, and gas densities. For fine particles with a diameter dp < 40 m, a deviation...
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...Airbags are safety features that are designed to save passengers from harm in a head-on collision. Airbags react within milliseconds of a crash, and the folded nylon bag quickly becomes inflated with nitrogen gas. The inflated airbag has the role of being a cushion for passengers and prevents them from hitting into the steering column and dashboard, which can cause painful injuries for passengers. Airbags were invented by John Hetrick in 1953 after Hetrick, his wife and young daughter got into a car accident in 1952. The family was driving around the Pennsylvania countryside when suddenly a huge rock on the road forced Hetrick to swerve into a ditch. With no restraint systems, Hetrick and his wife had to grasp their daughter back to ensure that she would not hit the dashboard and to save her life. In the 1950s, car passengers who got into accidents had very severe injuries, and those who did survive these accidents typically had horribly mutilated faces, nicknamed by doctors as “steering wheel faces”. Hetrick decided to take action to ensure the safety of other drivers that got into accidents. His idea for the airbag was based off of work he had done on torpedoes, which had an inflatable canvas cover. His idea was patented in 1953, and in this, he stated, “This invention has reference to an inflatable cushion assembly adapted to be mounted in the passenger compartment of a vehicle, and arranged to be inflated responsive to sudden slowing of the forward motion of the vehicle...
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...Henry Moreno Chem-201 Objective The objective of this lab experiment is to measure the material in the gas phase and to see how the ideal gas experiment could apply to the physical. In this the material we used was, a sip-lock plastic bag, a large plastic beaker, thermometry, dry ice, water, and butane lighter. Introduction In this lab, the experiment focused on the relationship between the temperature and pressure of an ideal gas that was dry ice inside the closed container. Therefore, the volume remains constant because the ideal gas was in a closed container. Experiment Procedure First, all the materials were collected. After collecting all the materials was prepared, we started measuring the mass of the beaker and plastic zip-lock bag on the loading balance. After that, about 50 g of dry ice was transferred into the plastic bag and weighted the total mass and calculate the mass of carbon dioxide transferred. After that, the plastic bag was collected to inflate fully and the temperature of the gas was recorded. This was due to carbon dioxide present in the dry ice and after that we removed all the gas in the bag; mass of the bag and ice was measured again. The next lab experiment helps to determine the molecular weight of the gas. After obtaining the materials required, and the group member’s filled out the burette with water and inverted it. Then the room temperature and water temperature were recorded. A tube was then attached to butane lighter outlet and...
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...What makes the ball curve: Soccer players can make the ball curve by applying a Force, kicking, to the ball that is not in the center of the ball itself. When the ball is struck on the side by a player the ball spins while it is moving forward. In the case of the picture below, the soccer ball was struck on the right side of the ball and is spinning counter-clockwise. What causes the ball to actually curve in the air is a difference in the pressures on either side of the soccer ball. On the left side of this soccer ball, the air is moving faster, than the right side, relative to the center of the ball. This causes a lower pressure to develop on the left side of the ball, while on the right side there is a higher pressure because the air flow is moving slower relative to the center of the ball. This difference in air pressure causes the ball to curve to the left during its flight path. This curve is known as the Magnus Effect after the physicist Gustav Magnus. The shape of the soccer ball is…round! But in mathematical terms, the soccer ball is usually in the shape of an Archimedean Solid. This solid has 32 faces, 12 are pentagons and 20 are hexagons. On the Apollo 17 mission astronauts played soccer with a 200 pound moon rock. Just imagine playing any sport with something that heavy…ouch! There are many different soccer balls in use today. Each company claims that theirs is the best one out there but in all reality soccer players only like to play with soccer balls...
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...atm of gas? (There are 6.022 x 1023 molecules/mole) Since all 3 gases have the same number of moles I will calculate 1 formula for all 3. 0.0062mol (6.022 x 1023 molecules/mol)= 0.0373364 →3.73 x 1022 molecules for each gas are in 1atm. 5. Even though the number of molecules in 1 atm of gas at constant pressure and temperature is identical, the number of atoms in the gas at STP can vary depending on the gas. How many atoms are there in one mole of methane (CH4) 1 mole of Methane CH4 = (6.022 x 1023 atoms/mole) = 6.022x1023 atoms of Methane in one mole 6. In this experiment, the pressure (P) was 1 atm, the temperature (T) was 295 K, the volume (V) was 0.150 L, and the number of moles (n)was 6.2 x 10-3 moles. The ideal gas law states that P*V =...
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...CHM 1101 Introductory Chemistry Dawn Fox Medeba Uzzi August, 2007 Compiled and edited by Medeba Uzzi Authors’ Note This document is an initiative by the authors in an attempt to deal with what they think may be one of the reasons contributing to the relatively high failure rate in the introductory Chemistry course (CHM 1101) at the University of Guyana. It was brought to our attention that many first year students taking CHM 1101 are unable to efficiently cope with the frenetic pace of the Semester system and even less able to deal comprehensively with the large content in CHM 1101. It is hoped that by providing this paper, students will not need to make lots of notes in lectures and so they can focus on grasping the concepts taught. The document is meant to be a guide to the topics covered in CHM 1101 and is by no means exhaustive. Students are still required to attend classes regularly and punctually and to engage meaningfully in lectures and tutorials. Further, supplemental reading of these topics in any good General Chemistry text is expected. Dawn Fox Medeba Uzzi 2 SECTION 1 – Modules A – D: section deals with the foundation for chemistry. It introduces students to matter & its classification, Atom & its structure, Periodic table and chemical rxns. Introduction to Science and Measurement What is Chemistry? – Chemistry is the study of matter and its transformations Natural sciences refer to the systematic study of the natural world (our...
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... Chapter 5—Gases 5.1: Substances That Exist as Gases Air: 78% N2, 21% O2, 1% Other (such as CO2) Ionic compounds do not exist as gases at 25 degrees Celsius as well as 1 atm (due to strong electrostatic forces holding cations/anions together in an ionic solid). The stronger the attractions (intermolecular forces), the less likely the compound can exist as a gas at ordinary temperatures. The characteristics of gases include: assuming the volume/shape of their containers, most compressible of the states of matter, will mix evenly/completely when confined in the same container, lower densities than liquids and solids. 5.2: Pressure of A Gas Gas molecules are constantly in motion, causing them to exert pressure with the surfaces they come in contact with. Pressure is known as the most readily measurable properties of a gas. SI Units of Pressure • Velocity is the change in distance with elapsed time. It uses the unit m/s or cm/s • Velocity = distance moved/elapsed time • Acceleration is the change in velocity with time. It uses the measurements of m/s2 or cm/s2 • Acceleration = change in velocity/elapsed time • Second law of motion is formulated by Newton and this law defines force as mass times acceleration. The SI unit for force is newton (N): 1 N equals 1 kg m/s2 • Pressure is the force applied per unit area. The SI unit for pressure is pascal (Pa): 1 Pa equals 1 N/m2 • Pressure = force/area Atmospheric Pressure • Air’s density decreases rapidly...
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