...Inflation refers to the rise in the price of goods and fall in the value of money. Inflation refers to the problem of rising prices. The problem has been with us for a long time now. The trend of rising prices in India has, in time, aroused dismay, consternation and anger. It has been witnessed that with the passage of time, the rich have become richer and the poor still poorer. In spite of a bad agricultural year, it is not scarcity that is troubling people so much as the continuing erosion of their purchasing power. Hence, we are nowhere near the goal of an egalitarian society which we had set out to achieve. Essay on Inflation in India (Problem of rising prices) On March 18, 2015 By Ajit Sen Category: National Issues of India This article discusses the inflation, the current situation, the causes and the means to control inflation in India. Inflation in India Inflation refers to the rise in the price of goods and fall in the value of money. Inflation refers to the problem of rising prices. The problem has been with us for a long time now. The trend of rising prices in India has, in time, aroused dismay, consternation and anger. It has been witnessed that with the passage of time, the rich have become richer and the poor still poorer. In spite of a bad agricultural year, it is not scarcity that is troubling people so much as the continuing erosion of their purchasing power. Hence, we are nowhere near the goal of an egalitarian society which we had...
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...Is Inflation in India Structural or Monetary? Inflationary Situation: It’s a situation in the economy where ‘too much money is chasing too few goods’. So when the products & services available are less as compared to the money supply in the money market, the economy witnesses an uptrend in their prices in order to adjust for the larger quantum of money chasing them. Structural Policy: A Structural policy is a term used for the whole of the politico-economic measures for the organization of the structure of the national economy of a state. A Structural policy is further categorized as * Regional structural policy, which supports the settlement of industries in assisted areas by measures of the investment assistance * Sparkling wine-oral structural policy, those by subsidies and tax preferences Monetary Policy: It refers to the process by which a country’s central bank controls money supply, often through the manipulation of interest rates, with the aim of promoting economic growth and stability while maintaining relatively stable prices and low unemployment. Monetary policy is either expansionary (mainly by lowering interest rates to combat a recession or a recessionary situation) or contractionary (raising interest rates to control inflation). Comment: Inflation in India is primarily structural and less monetary in outlook. Some data points supporting this point of view are as below: * Food Inflation – As it has been seen historically, the dietary patterns...
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...Inflation in India: Docile or Defiant? Executive Summary ASSOCHAM study finds that inflation was structural in nature rather than being episodic. Farm prices are less responsive to the RBI’s monetary policy whereas manufactured goods prices were found to be more responsive to the policy. Manufactured goods prices are showing new dynamics: a) Highest price rise in primary and upstream products b) A moderate rise in intermediate goods prices c) Least hikes in prices of finished and consumer products In the light of these features and trends in inflation, ASSOCHAM suggests four pronged anti-inflationary package. These includes Structural Correction for Structural Inflation: This calls for a comprehensive action plan for the farm sector, involving among other measures, a programme for a “Horticultural revolution” for increasing productivity of fruits and vegetables, fish and poultry. Controlling form inflation is a joint responsibility of the union Government and RBI. Only monetary policy adjustment will not correct such trend price rises. 2 Hence, RBI need not raise policy rates every time form prices are rising, as analysis shows farm price are not responding to monetary policy changes. Manufactured good inflation is showing for greater responsiveness to monetary policy changes. RBI should concentrate more on controlling these prices Going into the disaggregated and Sectoral price behavior of manufacturing goods, we find the dynamics of change is more in upstream...
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...The inflation targeting policy is mainly decided by RBI and Government targeted at “Inflation target” by mainly controlling the interest rates. A control over the Interest rates helps curbing the inflation in the long run. Inflation acts as a deflator in GDP thus it needs to be kept under a certain range. To spur up the GDP to the targeted levels we need to lower the interest rates so as to increase the economic activity and boosting the health of the economy. But doing that at the same time would lead to increase in consumer spending thus increasing the inflation. Thus there arises a seeming tradeoff between growth and inflation. In the current scenario of our country there are various factors that would suggest that this policy must be adopted. Inflation has been one of the major reason for the decline in the GDP Growth of our country since 2011. And inflation rate in India has been floating around 12-14% till 2012 which is significantly high as compared to the healthy rate of 2-5%. Looking at the current reforms in the country, the lowering of the crude oil prices and boom in the world economy indicates that economic growth is already on the rise. The same is indicated by the BSE and BSE Sensex markers. Various sectors such as infrastructure are already being supported by the government and recent policies to attract more FDI will help in reaching the targeted GDP growth rates. This would also mean that there will be a rise in overall employment and per capita spending...
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...(Roll – 232) | GROUP ASSIGNMENT CORRELATION BETWEEN GROWTH AND INFLATION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO INDIA & CHINA One of the most fundamental and central macroeconomic policy objectives of the governments, central bankers and economists has been to sustain high growth rate with low inflation. The influences of other macroeconomic variables like aggregate demand, unemployment and investment and that of factors like human and natural capital and technology on economic growth are well-established. But when it comes to the inter-relationship between inflation and economic growth, there are divergences in opinion, more so because of lack of any linearity in the two variables. Introduction Theoretically, it is argued that when growth is caused by rising aggregate demand at low level of unemployment, it would lead to inflationary tendencies. This is because when demand aggregate outstrips the available supply, the disequilibrium would push the prices up. Low and declining unemployment level means wages would also rise and thus price rise caused by demand pull will also bring in the cost push factors to sustain the inflationary conditions. Inflationary tendencies can be thwarted when the aggregate demand pulls are matched by increased productivity and investment. But in the times of inflationary expectations, the investment slackens as the future prospects of earnings deteriorate and thus the inflation continues to spiral. Short- run Philips Curve do give a fair explanation...
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...Semester SOMTU July 18, 2013 ABSTRACT: The rate of inflation- the percentage change in the overall level of prices- varies grately across time and cross country. The objective of this paper is to analyze the consumer price inflation in South Asian Countries from 2002 to 2010. The annual percentage change in CPI and Average Annual Growth Rate in Consumer Price Indices are analyzed to examine the trend of inflation in South Asian Countries like Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan & Sri Lanka. India has average inflation of 5% but Sri Lanka is the hardest hit by the inflation among South Asian countries. Bhutan has very low rate of inflation and Maldives has rising trend of inflation. The inflation rates are co-related with the growth rate of gross domestic product and money supply of South Asian Countries. There is positive co-relation between the rate of inflation and rate of changed in GDP at constant prices in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka but negative correlation in Nepal. There is negative co-relation between rate of inflation and changes in money supply in Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan but positive co-relation in Nepal and Sri Lanka. In Pakistan the consumer price inflation is mainly due to oil price hike and food inflation. So the inflation scenario in South Asia is adverse to economic development as it is above 5% in most of the countries. INTRODUCTION: Inflation is a global phenomenon and significant macroeconomic variable...
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... MONETARY POLICY INFLUENCE OVER ECONOMIC GROWTH. The connection among unemployment inflation grabs the attention of many economist. According to okuris law, there is a visible clear connection among country’s outcome that is declined in unemployment lead to higher nation output. However, other popular economist William Philips said that there is inverse relation between unemployment inflation because Philips argued that when high reaction of workers causes increase in nations output which abo lead to high wage, customers to carry enough money to utilize, so which customers demanding more good services price would include, so that is situation of inflation increase lead to downfall in unemployment inflation full down result to increase the ratio of unemployment. For better understanding it is important to know what is reason behind the increase relationship between both that is when there is increase in aggregate demand (AD to AD2) lead to increase in real GDP (Y1 toY2) hence companies need more labor and unemployment falls. Monetarists were criticize the Philips increase relationship, because they believes that there is no trade of in long run (As is inelastic) they said that when demand aggregate is increase than employees want higher nominal salary. Furthermore when employees get it, and work more as they think it is actual wages is increased. Thus, the upward trend in AD lead inflation and hence real wages stay same. Actually, employees understand that actual paid rate is...
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...The annualised inflation rate in India is 6.46% as of September 2014, as per the Indian Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. This represents a modest reduction from the previous annual figure of 9.6% for June 2011. Inflation rates in India are usually quoted as changes in the Wholesale Price Index, for all commodities. Many developing countries use changes in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) as their central measure of inflation. India used WPI as the measure for inflation but new CPI(combined) is declared as the new standard for measuring inflation ( April 2014) [[1]] CPI numbers are typically measured monthly, and with a significant lag, making them unsuitable for policy use. Instead, India uses changes in the Wholesale Price Index (WPI) to measure its rate of inflation. Provisional annual inflation rate based on all India general CPI (Combined) for November 2013 on point to point basis (November 2013 over November 2012) is 11.24% as compared to 10.17% (final) for the previous month of October 2013. The corresponding provisional inflation rates for rural and urban areas for November 2013 are 11.74% and 10.53% respectively. Inflation rates (final) for rural and urban areas for October 2013 are 10.19% and 10.20% respectively.[2] The WPI measures the price of a representative basket of wholesale goods. In India, this basket is composed of three groups: Primary Articles (20.1% of total weight), Fuel and Power (14.9%) and Manufactured Products (65%). Food Articles...
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...The Indian Rupee Crisis Economics Essay-1 In this paper we are going to examine the cause and the impact of rupee depreciation on the Indian economy. Since last few months Indian rupee came under great stress as overseas investors are paring their exposure to Asia’s third-largest economy amid international uncertainty and mounting worries over the domestic economy. In 2009 – 2010 the exchange rate was hovering around the 43 – 45 rupees per US Dollar level. And now it is around 55 – 56 levels, the main reasons to examine are increase in import bill, higher inflation, fiscal mismanagement and all resulting in higher cost of borrowing. The rupee has lost more than 15% of its value this year, making it one of the worst performing currencies in Asia. This paper reviews the probable reasons for this depreciation of the rupee and the outlook for the same. It also reflects on the policy options to help prevent the depreciation of the Rupee. This paper will firstly discuss about the economy of currency to give an overview of the problem and the factors related to it. Afterwards it will be examining the causes of the Indian rupee depreciation with respect to the Indian economy and the global economy. And after that it will analyse the impact of the same on trade and business. Finally, recommending the policy actions in response of the falling currency. II. LITERATURE REVIEW: These papers include the work which have been used as a basis or reference for formulating the policies regarding...
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...|Acknowledgements | | | |2 |Introduction | | | |3 |Effects of inflation | | | |4 |Causes of inflation | | | |5 |Controlling inflation | | | |6 |Current situation of inflation in India | | | |7 |Extracts of the Reserve Bank of India’s document released on | | | | |July 28, 2008 | | | |8 |Measures to control inflation | | | |9 |Future inflation | | | |10 |10 nations with...
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...Country Evaluation: India Describe the country of investment. Include the following: Economic structure, indicators and risk Throughout India the economic structure differs greatly from state to state. India is known for having one of the fasting growing economies in the world. This has a lot to do with the huge population in India. Capital, labor, and productivity growth have been the main contributors to the economic growth in the country. In recent years the Indian government has made great strides in strengthening the economy. Despite this push by the government there are still several very poor areas and the country still has a lot of uneven economic stability and because of this there is still a lot of room for improvement. The widespread poverty throughout India is one of the biggest challenges the country faces (Dasgupta & Chakraborty, 2005). For many years the Indian government had several rigid policies to discourage foreign investments but in recent years these policies have been under reform. Most of the growth that the economy of India has seen in recent years has been due to internal growth. The country depends very little on exports and this has been an advantage for their stability. When foreign countries have economic problems and in recent years when there are been global economic crisis, the effects are not felt as much on the Indian economy. India has a very good education system which is great for their economic growth. Unfortunately...
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...Bicycles in the Developing World 1. India is located in southern Asia where it shares borders with Pakistan, China, and Burma. The greater part of the country extends into the sea where it divides the Indian Ocean into the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. India is the 7th largest country in the world, with a geographically diverse land mass that exceeds 2.9 million sq. km. The southern portion is covered by the Deccan plateau while in the northern area the Indo-Gangetic plain reaches from the west coast across to the east and bordered in the north by the Himalayas. The population of India is spread across the Indo-Gangetic plain and along the areas bordering the Arabian Sea. India experiences a selection of differing climates that range from tropical in the south, arid deserts in the west, sub-tropical monsoon climate in the east, and temperate in the north. India has the fourth largest coal reserves in the world, along with an abundance of other valuable resources such as iron ore, manganese and bauxite. 2. The economy of India is developing into and open-market economy, which in recent years has been accelerated by a reduction in government control of foreign trade and investment. Due to a large educated English-speaking population, India has developed a growing export market for IT services and software developers. The remainder of the labour force works in agricultural and manufacturing sectors. In 2010, India’s economy rebounded from the global...
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...the economies in Goldman Sachs – Jim O’Neill – wrote an economic research paper “Building Better Global Economic, BRICs”, in this report, O’Neill listed four countries with their initial letters combined being BRIC – Brazil, Russia, India and China – as the world’s fastest developed economies that can be considered as the most promising emerging markets in the world. Latter the BRICs become BRICS with South Africa joining the group, together the five BRICS countries had represented approximately 3 billion people and a combined nominal GDP being US$ 14.8 trillion and US$ 4 trillion in combined foreign reserves (IMF 2013). However, within the five BRICS countries, China and India very similar and the only two Asian countries, they had many things in common – large size of country lands and large size of population as well, the relatively large gap between wealthy and poor households, together with the similar economic routes – both countries had their economies boosted in the 1970s and 1980s benefiting from the large sum of foreign direct investments (Halpin, 2012). Based on the above basic conditions, the consulting team hired by Australian Trade Commission (Austrade) would conduct a comparative analysis for the country attractiveness of China and India, standing in the position for the businesses in Australia who wished to expand their businesses to one or both of the countries, thereby to providing suggestions for these businesses. As for details, the report would compare the legal...
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...EGT1 Global Business Cross Cultural Differences in India Western Governors University India has become a global conduit for business as they have liberalized their economic policies over the past 20 years. Companies are flocking to India because of many factors, including, less expensive labor costs, increasing growth rate, and an abundance of a highly skilled workforce. These factors in addition to other advantages have substantially increased the number of United States businesses looking to grow beyond the U. S borders into the county of India. Dunlop Software Consultant’s goal is to also expand its operations internationally and believes that India has the business environment to meet our goal of expansion globally. Accordingly, I will be examining cross cultural challenges, differences in business practices, and ethical issues that we encounter as by expanding operations into India. As we consider our expansion of our consulting business into India, there are cultural differences that we must consider and understand. There are obvious cultural differences between business and personal standards in the U.S and India. The first major cross-cultural difference to be aware of is communication. India has a culture of hierarchy that can be traced back to the caste systems of 3000 years ago. (Kumar, 2005) The caste system is a rigid and upward mobility is difficult if not impossible. Although India abolished the caste system it continues to have steeped tradition...
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...The exchange rate fluctuations in India has been a topic of apprehension for the policy makers and common public. The exchange rate system in India, known as managed float, has evolved through a long process of probing for an suitable policy system for India. in view of the fact that exchange rates are relative prices of two currencies it is generally exaggerated by the relative productivity differential and real wage rates in the long-run. However, the bubbles arising out of assumption plays a major role in influencing the exchange rates in the short-run. The present state of affairs about the exchange rate fluctuations in India has been caused to a large extent by the worsening current account balance and the unfavorable expectations related with it. On the other hand, the question of interference by the government in the exchange rate market should be decided on the foundation of the impact of such exchange rate fluctuations on the real effective exchange rate and the likely effects on the employment situation in the country. There are an array of factors affecting the exchange rate fluctuations like interest rate, balance of trade, money supply, economic growth, foreign debt, inflation etc. India has seen a huge breakdown of the Rupee because of the adverse affects of these factors on the Indian currency. Mentioned below are the various sectors being affected by the Rupee depreciation. Fuel Price: India imports most of its oil consumption. As a result of dwindling of...
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