...March 8, 2013 Customer Satisfaction in the Criminal Justice System: Satisfied in the jail? “Exploring the predictors of job satisfaction among jail officers” Abstract This article I chose is on a study done on job satisfaction among 373 jail correctional officers in one state in the Northwest area. This study advances the literature on the workplace experiences of correctional officers by focusing on officers who work in a jail setting. The results indicate that for jail correctional officers in this study, a lower level of education, greater supervisory support, lower job stress and lower general stress were significant predictors of higher job satisfaction. The majority of the studies done on correctional officers are usually focused on prisons. Both settings are correctional settings, the population is very different. Prisons are state ran facilities and usually house offenders that have been sentenced 1year or more. Jails are locally operated and receive individuals awaiting trial, convictions, and or sentencing. The jail population also consists of re-offenders, bond violators, mentally ill, protective custody, just for a few examples. Jails differ from prisons in other ways such as high volume of admissions, with an average length of stay. The research among job satisfaction of correctional officers was provided by two models termed the Importations-Differential Experiences model and the Work Role-Prisonization model (Voorhis, 1991). These two models...
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...The practice of racial profiling by law enforcement agencies was begun during the late 1970s, as police officers worked to capture drug traffickers. Studies in Arizona show that in 2006-2007 the state highway patrol significantly more likely to stop African Americans and hispanics than white people on all highway studies. A profile is a collection of gathered facts that help law enforcement officers target individuals who are likely committing criminal acts. Law enforcement officers have long used profiling to help them gain understanding about the likely characteristics of the perpetrator of a crime, including but not limited to age, sex, race, and observed behaviors (Institute on Race and Justice, 2008). Police have used profiling to target...
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...Justice Midterm Exam Answers (TCO 1) Which model emphasizes individual rights? (TCO 1) Who returns an indictment? (TCO 1) Jake Robinson was convicted on a burglary and a drug offense. He was given a sentence of six years in prison for both offenses. These sentences were to run concurrently. How many years would he spend in prison? (TCO 1) The ________ collects information on crimes suffered by individuals and households, whether or not those crimes were reported to law enforcement. (TCO 1) Which of the following would be included in UCR/NIBRS murder statistics? (TCO 1) A juvenile who steals a candy bar and states “No one was really hurt,” is using which neutralization technique? (TCO 1) An 18th-century approach to crime causation and criminal responsibility that grew out of the Enlightenment and that emphasized the role of free will and reasonable punishments. (TCO 2) When a police officer induces a subject to commit a crime, a defendant will probably use: (TCO 2) Bob is sitting on a park bench minding his own business when an undercover police officer comes up to Bob and talks him into buying some marijuana. Then the officer arrests Bob for possession of marijuana. Bob can claim the defense of: (TCO 2) ________ is/are a person’s reason for committing a crime. (TCOs 3&4) Comes stabuli: (TCOs 3&4) ICE is an agency in the Department of Homeland Security responsible for: (TCOs 3&4) A neighborhood resource officer asks residents to clean up litter, remove graffiti, and install...
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...General partners are those who are responsible for the day-to-day management of activities, whose individual acts are binding on all the partners, and who are personally responsible for the partnership's total liabilities. Limited partners are those who contribute only money and are not involved in management decisions and whose liability is limited to the amount of their investment. Joint Venture Joint Venture acts like a general partnership, but is clearly for a limited period or a single project. If the partners in a joint venture repeat the activity, they will be recognized as an ongoing partnership and will have to file as such, and distribute accumulated partnership assets upon dissolution of the entity. Advantages of a Partnership Partnerships are easy and inexpensive to establish. With more than one owner, there would be no difficulties in raising fund. Shared responsibility. The tax consequences are less as your profits are recorded directly onto your personal income tax return (no double taxation). Potential employees may be attracted to the business if given the incentive to become a partner. The business usually will benefit from partners who have complementary skills. Disadvantages of a Partnership General partners have unlimited liability. Partners are jointly and individually liable for the actions of the other partners. Profits must be shared with others. Since decisions are shared, disagreements can occur. Some employee benefits are not deductible...
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...there who want to hurt, abuse and mistreat individuals from other races. Racism is a part of human nature, and it will always exist; let’s just face it. History proves that prior to the advent of capitalism, racism was a systemic...
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...whole and how it has bought about changes in current laws as it pertains to the safety of all citizens. Terrorism is a major issue in American and has a phenomenal impact on people of all walks of life, because terrorism affects everyone directly or indirectly in some form or fashion. Since the infamous 9-11 terrorist attacks on the United States there have been many changes in regard to the way law enforcement agencies interpret and implement their mission. A perilous balance exists between police actions and the approaches needed to ensure the safety of all Americans against terrorism and personal liberties. These agencies now have a heighten sensitivity to terrorism and its threat and the balance is affected by police ethics and individual conscious. One prime example is the Patriot Act, which many contend is designed to protect our country and its citizens from the recurrences of the 9-11 terrorist attacks; in practice the Patriot Act is an even more dangerous attack against our personal liberties. “It is an attack on the very premises upon which this country is founded. When observing section 15 of the Act, this allows representatives of the federal government to access private records such as our library transactions, and even those records held by third parties, our financial records, our travel records, and our medical records without our knowledge or consent. This alone seems to become a violations of some sort because every American is not out to...
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...chosen an organization (law enforcement) represented by one of the team members. The paper will explain how information technology (IT) contributes to high performance teams and learning teams. It would also describe and address the strategic capability leverage of IT, and the organizational structure to create and maintain high performance teams and the law enforcement. Under the constant pressure of inevitably increasing demands of the external demands and stakeholders, organizations are continually looking for the elements that make up high-performance standards. High-performance organizations have contributing characteristics such as organizational design, hierarchy, leadership, people, information technology (IT), culture, motivation, and entrustment. Law enforcement organizations are amongst the organizations that need to embody all of these characteristics to be successful. Not only does law enforcement have a large number of internal demands to help cultivate a high-performance organization, but there are also several external demands as well. Surrounding communities and the citizens are also a constant influence on the organization's ability to achieve high performance. While some of these demands may appear to be disadvantageous to the success of other organizations, these elements of high performance are very beneficial to the success of law enforcement organizations. How (IT) Contributes to High-Performance Teams and Learning Organizations Information technology...
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...Organization Paper, Individual Assignment 4 Linda D. Mason CJA/474 October 21st, 2013 Jon Sowers, faculty Organization Paper, Individual Assignment 4 The purpose of this paper is to define and explain the bureaucratic organization listing the characteristics and identifying the main principles. In addition to define an agile organization listing the characteristics and identifying and listing the nine steps of management by objectives. Also listing the advantages and disadvantages of both the bureaucratic and agile organizations. This information is imperative to the police department. Decisions will be made as to the type of organization is the best choice for our department. Bureaucratic Organization Characteristics These are the Characteristics involving the bureaucratic type of organization. Members of the organization are assigned the official responsibility to accomplish their routine task. Those who need the authority are given so by the organization to complete the assigned task. Bureaucratic organizations give the authority to the position not the individual. It requires very through documentation of all activity, those records are maintained by the staff. Effective performance is ensured by training. It is essential in a bureaucratic organization that the manager devotes full-time to managing and for stability reduce management to a set of rules (Kania, 2008). Bureaucratic Organization Main Principles Crime control is the primary function of the bureaucratic...
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...is the Chief Executive Officer at Temasek Holdings; who according to the text, “was ranked 18th of Asia Most Powerful Business People and 24th of Forbes World's Most Powerful Women” (Hughes, Ginnett, Curphy, 2009). While this demonstrates the power capacity of Ho Ching as a leader; it does not establish the level of influence that she commands or her skills to apply influential tactics necessary to be able to modify followers’ attitudes and behaviors in the desired direction. In order to determine whether Ho Ching is an influential and competent leader or simply a positional leader; one must review and establish what are the sources of power that she possess, as well as her individual characteristics, and her capacity to apply the influence tactics to change the attitudes, values and behaviors of others. Ho Ching is a Stanford-educated electrical engineer, this in itself already demonstrates that Ho Ching is an intelligent individual, and intelligence is a commonly used characteristic to describe potential leaders. Furthermore, according to Nahavandi (2009), “It is clear that the complex task of leading requires a person with cognitive ability to remember, collect, and integrate information, analyze problems, develop solutions, and evaluate alternatives, all of which are related to traditional definitions of intelligence” (p. 121). Even though Ho Ching is describe as a shy individual, surely she must have demonstrated key leadership characteristics that make her a viable...
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...Speech “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.” - Martin Luther King Jr. This speech will be about discrimination, prejudice and fair behaviour. The speech will contain all of the information needed to cover LO1. The first thing first, no one is born racist. You can learn to be racist in the environment and society that you live in. It also depends on how your parents make you grow up. Prejudice is kind of attitude involving the rejection of something or someone without reasonable grounds for it. In many cases the prejudice is based up on stereotyping. Type of the prejudice can based up on different numbers of factors such as your age, disability or race. Under the equality act 2010 it is illegal to make someone less favourable because of his age. There are some exceptions such as the wages. For different age groups there are different salary at ages sixteen, eighteen and twenty-one. Example – An elderly man (70 years old) is working as a teacher in local college. Because his experience and years of good work there he cannot be removed from the college by his manager if the job his doing is outstanding. But on his place there are some other people with less experience but much younger than him. That means he is blocking the place where other educate person could get this place. Stereotyping When prejudice...
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...Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 2 2.0 Organizational Background – Al-Rajhi Bank 2 3.0 Requirements and Job Description of Branch Manager 3 4.0 Mr. Anasari’s key people – internal and external interactions 4 4.1 Internal Interactions 4 Human Resource Manager 4 Loan Officer 5 Credit Manager 5 Bank Operational Manager 7 Customer Service Manager 7 4.2 External Interactions 8 Saudi Arabian chambers of commerce 8 Customers 8 5.0 Nature and evaluation of interdependencies 8 6.0 Recommendations 11 7.0 References 12 1.0 Introduction The role of managers nowadays has evolved greatly over the past years and it has changed significantly in different industries. One thing that remains the same is that managers are always held responsible by their supervisors, to make sure the employees achieve their objectives with expectations. The key to a success and profitable business are neither the systems nor the strategies of the firm. It is the character and skill of individual managers, who practice what they preach are what counts, that is why hiring the right manager is essential in supervising and managing the overall performance of staff in their department (Robbins, 2001). ‘People in the organisation are your most important asset’ is an incorrect statement; because I believe the right people are the organisation’s most important asset. Therefore, companies should hire based on the correct individual’s attitude and behaviour for the company, then train and develop those...
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...GRIP ON THE REINS OF SOCIETY, CONTROLLING EVERYTHING BEHIND THE SCENES. AUGUSTUS WAS A CUNNING AND ADMIRABLE LEADER, WITH NUMEROUS POSITIVE LEADERSHIP ATTRIBUTES THAT JUNIOR OFFICERS COULD STUDY OR ADOPT. Augustus Caesar was shown by the leadership trait theory to possess a personality that would likely succeed in leadership. He also displayed a solid mission, excellent goal setting skills and overall strong values.[ii] Augustus Caesar also portrayed leadership attributes that a junior officer would find to be undesirable to adopt. These undesirable attributes can include Augustus Caesars’ unwillingness to attain long-term alliances and friends. Nevertheless, Augustus Caesar has proven himself to be an important and rich learning source when looking at leadership skills and techniques. Know Yourself and seek self-improvement AUGUSTUS CAESAR WAS HONOURED WITH THE NAME AUGUSTUS, WHICH MEANS “THE EXALTED”, BY THE ROMAN SENATE IN 27 B.C. THIS HONOUR WAS NOT ONLY A SHOW FOR THE NUMEROUS FOLLOWERS AUGUSTUS HAD ACQUIRED, IT ALSO WAS A SIGN THAT THE ROMAN SENATE HAD GIVEN AUGUSTUS THE LEGAL POWER TO RULE ROME AS FIRST EMPEROR.[iii] THIS GREAT HONOUR WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN ACHIEVED WITHOUT AUGUSTUS FIRST SHOWING GREAT LEADERSHIP ATTRIBUTES, MANY OF WHICH ARE EXCELLENT STUDY MATERIAL FOR JUNIOR OFFICERS TO GAIN UNDERSTANDING. ONE OF THESE ATTRIBUTES IS PERSONALITY. PERSONALITY IS ONE...
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...Case-1 Question#1 What performance problems is the captain trying to correct? Answer – In the given scenario the problem projected by the police captain is that the young officers who come to the police force are not at all good at doing paper work, they find it boring and hate it. They are much interested to stay out on the streets, either in cars or on a beat instead of doing paper work while sitting in the office. They frequently put off the job or do it inadequately which results in unclear and ambiguous reports which cause the police department to lose court cases. Another problem is that the captain is finding it difficult to figure out the possible ways to motivate them to do the paper work effectively and efficiently. There are various problems related to the employee motivation, ability of officers to perform task, lack of role perception and different situational factors. Question # 2 Use the mars model of individual behaviour and performance to diagnose the possible causes of the unacceptable behaviour? Answer- According to the MARS model of individual behaviour there are four factors that directly influence voluntary individual behaviour and performance. Those factors are Motivation, Ability, Role perceptions and Situational factors. We can use the mars model to diagnose the causes responsible for different problems in the given scenario. The causes are as follows - 1. Lack of motivation – Motivation is the force within the person that affects his or her...
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...similarities regarding the UCR, NIBRS, and NCVS programs. The Uniformed Crime Reporting (UCR) Program displays crime data for the United States, as well as for states, cities, counties and colleges. This allows for a comparison among neighboring jurisdictions and among those with similar populations and other common characteristics. The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) collects information on the frequency and of crimes such as rape, sexual assault, aggravated and simple assault, household burglary, theft, and motor vehicle theft. Both systems report different types of information and different details. The UCR program displays statistics for law enforcement administration, operation, and management. The UCR program utilizes what is called the hierarchy rule. If more than one crime was committed by the same person and the time separating the crimes was minor, then the crime highest in the hierarchy is the only crime reported. This seems like a very inaccurate method of recording data, one would assume that all records of offenses were taken into consideration for reporting purposes. The NCVS program collects information on crimes by individuals and households while also providing information on victims such as age, sex, race, marital status. The difference in the two programs is that each serves a different purpose in reporting. The UCR reports information for law enforcement, operations and management. The NCVS provides information about each crime, its...
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...Contents 1.0 Introduction 2 1.1 Introduction to the Study 2 1.2 Background of the Problem 3 1.3 Research Objectives 5 1.4 Research Questions 5 1.5 Significance of the Study 6 2.0 Research framework 7 2.1 Reviews of Related/Past Literature 7 2.2 Research Framework 13 2.3 Hypothesis 13 2.3.1 Life Role Values 14 2.3.2 Gender Role Orientation 15 2.3.3 Job Type 16 2.3.4 Work Time Commitment 17 3.0 Research Methodology 18 3.1 Research Design 18 3.1.1 Types of Study 18 3.1.2 Sources of Data 19 3.2 Measurement 20 3.3 Data Collection Procedures 21 3.3.1 Data Collection and Administration 21 3.4 Data Analysis Techniques 22 4.0 References 24 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Introduction to the Study Nowadays, balancing work, housework, and childcare responsibilities can become strenuous which can result in work- family conflict. There are many studies that focus on the relationship between work-life and personal life, as well as the impact of one on another. People continuously get in touch with friends, relatives, organizations and colleagues in their life routine. They have different roles according to their positions in society and it is possible that they live role conflict once in a while. Furthermore, one of the most important problems in business life is work-family conflict in the modern world. While problems such as bad relations with superiors in the workplace deeply affect family relations, family problems such as divorce also reduce...
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