...Child Sexual Abuse Versus False Memory Syndrome People can experience sexual abuse memories from their childhood. These individuals believe that they went through such a traumatic experience of this kind. By remembering how these events occurred in details, these memories are truly experienced by all of these individuals’ emotions and beliefs. Research shows than child sexual abuse memories can occur in the form of repressed childhood experience and/or in the form of False Memory Syndrome. Personally, I identify both of these matters as important psychological and social problems. This is due to the fact that too many innocent children go through sexual abuse by their relatives. With today’s technology, societies are still not able to recognize it, prevent it, and threat it accurately in the timely matter. For instance, those sexual abused traumas cannot be identified easily because of the child emotional bounding to their loved ones. These facts cause children to repress their unacceptable emotional and physical memories into their unconscious mind, which increases the likelihood to develop other psychological disorders. On the other hand, people are mistreated by their therapists and develop False Memory Syndrome. I considered this a serious psychological and social problem. Due to that fact, many professional workers use their educational advantage against individuals who in the need for medical help. These help seeking people’s health and well-beings are highly...
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...will be explaining five concepts that I have gained knowledge on during this semester first I will define the concept and I will apply it to a real life situation and how it is relevant to the situation, the five concepts I will be discussion are Groupthink, False Memories, Classical Conditioning, Phobias, Latent Learning. According to Allpsych.com the definition of Groupthink is the tendency for members of a cohesive group to reach decisions without weighing all the facts, especially those contradicting the majority opinion, a good example of this would be a group of teenagers wanting to go out on a school night, and one person suggests a weekend but he is left reserved and goes along anyways, although the one individual does not want to go out on a school night he does not want to conflict, and goes anyways this would be an example of group thinking which is pretty much the de individualization of one person due to them being part of the group. According to dictionary.com false memory syndrome is a psychological condition in which a person believes that he or she remembers events that have not actually occurred, during a traumatic incident such as rape or a murder someone observing it might fall victim to false memory syndrome to the witnesses description this has happened in many cases and some have even wrongly jailed innocent people. According to thefreedictionary.com Classical Conditioning is a process of behavior by which a subject comes to respond in a desired manner...
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...אוניברסיטת בר אילן החוג המשולב למדעי החברה הקשר בין זיכרון מסולף לשינה ולמצב רגשי סקירה ספרותית במסגרת הקורס: שיטות מחקר | | |מגיש: | | | |יוסי נגר. | סקירה ספרותית זיכרון מסולף או שיקרי קורה כאשר אדם זוכר מאורע אשר לא התרחש. מנקודת מבט מעשית, זיכרונות מסולפים הם איום לתוקפן של עדויות מפי עדי ראיה, מקור מוטעה למידע אוטוביוגרפי בפסיכותרפיה, והצגה מוטה של שיעורים בקונסטלציה לימודית (Reyna, V. F. et al. Cornell University 2006). זיכרון מסולף נבדק, בין היתר, באמצעות פרדיגמת DRM (Deese-Roediger–McDermott). בפרדיגמת DRM, הנחקרים לומדים רשימת מילים (לדוגמא : מיטה, מנוחה, ערות, חלום) אשר מתקשרות לנושא אחד (כלומר : שינה). כאשר הם נבחנים על זכירת המילים שלמדו, הנחקרים לעיתים קרובות שוגים ומציינים את מילת הנושא (Critical Target) כאחת מהמילים ברשימה. בחינת זיכרון מסולף נבדקה באמצעות פרדיגמת DRM במסגרת מחקרים שונים. דוגמא לכך ניתן למצוא במחקרן של קטרינה סוגרו והרלין היינה ( Sugrue, C. & Hayne, H. 2006), אשר בדק את ביצועיהם של ילדים ומבוגרים ברשימות מילים בעלות אורך משתנה (שבע מילים או ארבע-עשרה מילים). נמצא כי אצל ילדים ומבוגרים, זיכרון מסולף ניכר יותר ברשימות הארוכות מברשימות...
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...Memory is one of the most important attributes that we as humans have access to. Memory involves the power to store experiences and bring them forward into the field of consciousness. However remembering issues as memories that are completely false is known as false memory syndrome (FMS). False memory syndrome can occur when you experience a traumatic or life changing event and you can’t recall the memories you experienced from that day properly but are strongly convinced that they happened to you. most people tend to recall memories not as exact as they happened because of events that occurred prior and preceding it that can alter the way we remember how they happened. However False memories are complete made up experiences that never took...
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...Elizabeth Loftus: Biography and False Memoires Psy/310 When looking at the field of psychology, we will learn about males who have contributed to the growth of psychology. Some examples of men we study in beginners psychology are E.G Boring, Robert I. Watson and of course Sigmund Freud. There is little mention of females who have contributed to psychology. Why is it that females are not really mentioned in the history of psychology? Females have contributed to the growth of psychology just as men have. A woman that has spent her whole life trying to understand memory is Elizabeth Loftus. We will begin with a short biography and also touch on how she has helped psychology to grow. Elizabeth Loftus was born Elizabeth Fishman on October 16, 1944 to Sidney and Rebecca Fishman in Los Angeles, California (Born, 1997). She was raised in Bel Air with both her parents. Then in 1959 her mother passed away, she had drowned in a swimming pool when Loftus was only 14 years old. Loftus wanted to be a high school math teacher, but after attending a psychology class at UCLA she changed her mind. She continued in school to receive her Bachelors in 1966 in math and psychology. She met Geoffrey Loftus in 1968 while attending graduate school at Stanford, and married him. While attending Stanford she was introduced to the study of long term memory and was very interested in this subject. Loftus got her Masters in 1967. She continued her education at Stanford and got her Ph...
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...poor, with up to 70% of patients resuming drinking within 1 year (3, 4) Whenever the person has a drink, he or she will be reminded of those unpleasant images and sensations. The person develops an aversion to drinking, which means that the taste and even the thought of alcohol become unpleasant. Eventually the person loses the desire for alcohol and drinks less.During aversion Therapy, method, drinking is paired with unpleasant images and experiences.For example, the taste of alcohol may be paired with foul odors or with unpleasant experiences in the person's imagination. When the addictive act is repeated, it creates memories causing the brain to associate the addictive substance with false good memories that can be triggered by stimuli.Addiction is often psychologically based causing the brain to associate the addictive substance to false feelings of wellbeing.Aversion...
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...always coercive. Although police powers may be small, psychological powers are very great * Some interrogation tactics use physical coercion, as evidenced in US with Afghanistan non-combatants e.g. water boarding. * Generally, interrogation tactics are based on psychological techniques or deceptive tactics. These techniques are designed to play on the emotions of the suspect- in the case of water boarding the fear of drowning. 1.1 The Reid Technique * Most extensively used and promoted ‘interrogation system’ * Developed by the FBI * Works on the principle of escape- * Make the interrogation as uncomfortable as possible * Suspects extricate themselves by confessing Strategy includes * Make context anxiety inducing * Use interrogation tactics to induce anxiety * Help suspects confess 1.2 The Physical Environment Of The Interrogation Characteristics which induce dependence and submission to authority, anxiety, anger and/or fear. * Isolation in cell, in an interview room (no distractions) * Inability to make choices- tea, coffee, going to toilet are in hands of the interrogator. Interrogator has total and arbitrary control (or at lease has the appearance thereof) * Sitting close to the suspect- is threatening and induces fear or is supportive and induces trust * Loss of privacy- Mallard was stripped naked for interrogations * Uncertainty The effect is dependent upon the situation, the interrogator and the...
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...Careers in Psychology Milton T Husband University of Phoenix psy335 335 Dr. Patrick Smith February 22, 2016 Careers in Psychology The field of psychology and law involves the application of scientific and professional aspects of psychology to questions and issues relating to law and the legal system. Since that time the field has grown steadily, with an increased number of pre-doctoral and post-doctoral training programs, more journals and books devoted to psychology and law, the development of a specialized set of ethical guidelines for forensic psychologists, a regular conference held every March in addition to the annual summer meeting at the American Psychological Association convention, the involvement of psychologists in filing amicus briefs before the U.S. Supreme Court on issues relevant to psychology and law, and the presentation of a regular workshop series in clinical-forensic psychology by the American Academy of Forensic Psychology("Careers in Psychology," 2016). Salary Even in university and other interdisciplinary settings, however, there is growing pressure on psychologists to generate sources of salary support to repay the department or school. Psychologists entering correctional settings will find striking differences between different systems. The median annual salary in the Federal prison system was $40,900 in 2002.Salaries are likely to be slightly lower in a state correctional facility or local jail, although there can be a wide range of salary...
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...common sense. Naturally, it is difficult to understand why anyone would confess to a crime they didn’t commit. However, false confessions are one the leading causes of wrongful convictions.1 As the Supreme Court of Canada noted in R v. Oickle, innocent people are induced to make false confessions more frequently than those unacquainted with the phenomenon might expect.2 In North America, we can trace the existence of false confessions back to the Salem Witch Trials, where a number of women were persecuted for witchcraft on the basis of confessions that were obtained through torture and threats.3 More recent false confessions have been obtained under psychological duress and not with torture or threats of physical harm.4 Nevertheless, with the developments in law and policies in place to control interrogation methods, false confessions continue to persist.5 This begs the question, are interrogation methods solely responsible for false confessions, or does some of the responsibility fall on the confessor? Scholars and social scientists agree, that it is not solely harsh interrogation tactics that lead to false confessions but it is the combination of these tactics with psychological factors such as, intelligence and personality, which contribute to the likelihood of a suspect providing a false confession.6 While there are currently solutions for avoiding false confessions, they do not adequately address the needs of the most vulnerable individuals who are often induced into falsely...
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...Introduction to Psychology - 1010 6.0B Assignment Instructor: Dr. Rebecca Jubis Due Date: Friday, July 12 by 5:00pm Name: Danielle Jackson Student Number: 207457724 1A) Utilizing the experimental method of research to test the effects of caffeine on memory, one must first establish a hypothesis. For this experiment, the hypothesis would simply state; that if a person consumes 2 cups of a caffeinated beverage over the course of 3 hours then their recall of information, learned earlier that day, will be faster and more accurate on a short answer test. The independent variable in this experiment would be the caffeine as it is the factor that is being manipulated and examined to see if it has any effect on a participant’s memory. The dependent variable in this experiment would be memory or specifically the participant’s ability to recall information as it may change as a result of the manipulation of the independent variable of caffeine. To begin the experiment, participants will be randomly assigned to either the control group, the group not exposed to caffeine, or to the experimental group, the group exposed to caffeine. The control group will be given a placebo and the experimental group will be given the caffeinated beverage. The two groups will be given a short story to read and review for one hour at the beginning of the experiment. Over the course of the next hour, participants in the experimental group will be given 2 cups of a caffeinated beverage while...
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...with Retrograde Amnesia, which refers to a mental disorder that makes it impossible for the victim to remember the long-term memories for the events before the tragic incident while fresh memories are easily created. Amnesia refers to memory loss, both the past and new information, caused by factors that interfere with the memory storage parts in the brain, the limbic system with its subcomponents, hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, the thalamus and the epithalamus. The incidences of the recent and current events are forgotten and made impossible to retrieve....
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...crucial. Roosevelt focused on the emotions of his audience by expressing forms of togetherness. He provided statements such as “our people, our territory, and our interests” (Roosevelt, p.2) to induce unity of his listeners. To evoke feelings of anger and repulsion in his audience, he stated “The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces. Very many American lives have been lost” (Roosevelt, p.1). Telling the audience about those specific details would inevitably force them into wanting to seek revenge against Japan. He also used words such as “onslaught”, “deliberately”, and “grave danger” to assist in initiating those negative feelings. Roosevelt also stimulated his audience by inducing feelings of confidence and strength. He expresses sureness in our troops that they “…will win through to absolute victory” (Roosevelt, p.2) which will lead to “inevitable triumph” (Roosevelt, p.2). FDR’s use of pathos heightened the confidence of the American people as they began to focus on entering into World War...
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...Matthew Carreno 11-29-13 Period 4 AP Psychology Unit 5 Cornell Notes What do our internal rhythms create? | Our internal biological rhythms create periodic physiological fluctuations | Specifically, What does the circadian rhythms regulate? | The circadian rhythm’s 24-hour cycle regulates our daily schedule of sleeping and waking, in part in response to light on the retina, triggering alterations in the level of sleep-inducing melatonin. | What are the sleep stages? | Another biological rhythm is the sleep stages. | What are the five steps of the sleep stages? | we descend into transitional Stage 1 sleep, often with the sensation of falling or floating. Stage 2 sleep (in which we spend the most time) follows about 20 minutes later, with its characteristic sleep spindles. Then follow Stages 3 and 4, together lasting about 30 minutes, with large, slow delta waves. All these stages are referred to as NREM sleep. Reversing course, we retrace our path, but with one difference: About an hour after falling asleep,we begin periods of REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. | Where does dreaming most prominently occur? | Most dreaming occurs in this fifth stage (also known as paradoxical sleep) of internal arousal but outward paralysis. | Which stage shortens REM sleep length? | During a normal night’s sleep, periods of Stages 3 and 4 sleep shorten and REM sleep lengthens. | What are the harmful effects of sleep deprivation? | Sleep deprivation causes fatigue...
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...Lincoln. Mr. Kalish is most likely suffering from: dissociative identity disorder. agoraphobia. schizophrenia. panic disorder. an antisocial personal disorder. Jabar, a 25-year-old auto mechanic, thinks he is Napoleon. He further believes he is being imprisoned against his will in the mental hospital where his relatives have brought him for treatment. Jabar is most likely suffering from: an obsessive-compulsive disorder. schizophrenia. a panic disorder. a dissociative identity disorder. a dysthymic disorder. Several weeks after being fired from a job he had held for more than 20 years, Landon awoke one morning in a state of bewildered confusion. He had little sense of who he was and even failed to recognize his wife. Landon's experience of memory loss and confusion is most indicative of: panic disorder. phobia. generalized anxiety disorder. dissociative disorder. catatonia. 2. A) B) C) D) E) 3. A) B) C) D) E) 4. A) B) C) D) E) 5. A) B) C) D) E) A) B) C) D) E) 6. A disorder characterized by uncontrollable needs to act upon immediate urges and instincts is:...
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...Computer Virus A computer virus is a malicious piece of executable code that propagates typically by attaching itself to a host document that will generally be an executable file. ✓ Typical hosts for computer viruses are: – Executable files (such as the ‘.exe’ files in Windows machines) that may be sent around as email attachments – Boot sectors of disk partitions – Script files for system administration (such as the batch files in Windows machines, shell script files in Unix, etc.) – Documents that are allowed to contain macros (such as Microsoft Word documents, Excel spreadsheets, Access database files, etc.) ✓ Any operating system that allows third-party programs to run can support viruses. ✓ Because of the way permissions work in Unix/Linux systems, it is more difficult for a virus to wreak havoc in such machines. Let’s say that a virus embedded itself into one of your script files. The virus code will execute only with the permissions that are assigned to you. For example, if you do not have the permission to read or modify a certain system file, the virus code will, in general, be constrained by the same restriction. ✓ At the least, a virus will duplicate itself when it attaches itself to another host document, that is, to another executable file. But the important thing to note is that this copy does not have to be an exact replica of itself. In order to make more difficult the detection by pattern matching, the virus may alter itself...
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