...Poverty’s Effect on Children Children in poverty are affected in negative ways on a daily basis. Poverty has been a major issue throughout the world, and places a wide span of negative affects on children. In the memoir, The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls, The Wall’s family lives most of their lives in poverty which buries their children in stress, unstable environments, and misery. Poverty contributes to a lack in a child’s intellectual abilities, mental health, abuse, and family stability. Poverty puts a strain on children’s intellectual abilities in school. Kids who are in poverty feel as if they have no control over their life, and are less motivated to put forth effort into their education. This is also known as “learned helplessness”...
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...a physical, mental or intellectual condition, which limits a person’s movement, senses, abilities or activities. ‘The Disability Act 2006 applies to disability service providers funded under the Disability Services program of the Victorian Department of Human Services (DHS). It replaces the intellectually Disabled Persons’ Services Act 1986 and Disability Services Act 1991’. This Act involves principles for people with a disability and for the disability services, in which provide a framework for the quality of services in line with the vision for people who suffer from a disability. These principals include; ‘respect for their human worth and dignity as individuals, live free from abuse, neglect or exploitation, realise their individual capacity for physical, social, emotional and intellectual...
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...repetitive pattern of behavior, interests and activities” (APA, 2013, p. 53). However, children with ASD may face other problems as well. Sensory/perceptual impairments, intellectual differences, cognitive deficits, adaptive behaviors, physical abnormalities and comorbid conditions are all associated with ASD. These associated problems can have developmental, educational and social implications for ASD students. Sensory/Perceptual Impairments Sensory processing allows individuals to experience, evaluate and respond to information that enters through seven basic sensory systems: tactile, visual,...
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...Disability is a form of ability that restricts a person’s capacity in carrying out a task. The Disability Discrimination Act categorizes disability through a physical, intellectual, psychiatric, sensory or neurological impairment. The process of education serves to encourage students to reach their potential, through an understanding that everyone has the right to best possible human experience. Education has a duty to help and serve students overcome restrictions of history, provide an equal field for the growth of all students. Schools within Australia serve to provide a means for students with disabilities to overcome impairments and strive to their best possible future. Testing provides an adequate mechanism for measuring student’s results. Students that exhibit learning difficulties (LD), the result of disabilities, are more likely to be prone to test anxiety. A study into testing procedures in the Learning Disability Quarterly indicate ‘results of the present study suggest that LD children’s schools problems may in some cases reflect motivational factors involving fear of failure…’ (Bryan, Sonnefeld & Grabowski, 1983) The results show that ‘test anxiety is relatively strong in the learning disabled child and therefore should be addressed....’ Anxiety stems from a feeling that a person is inadequate to perform a task. It seems reasonable that some disabled children would suffer problems in testing due to conditions such as autism. Autism Spectrum Disorder classifies...
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...P1- DESCRIBES PHYSICAL, INTELLECTUAL, EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT FOR EACH OF THE LIFE STAGES OF AN INDIVIDUAL (PIES) The human lifespan has been described in terms of stages. The physical, social, intellectual and emotional changes and the life stages of the lawless family are listed in the table below; LIFE STAGE | AGE | DEFINITION | PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT | EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT | INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT | SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT | CONCEPTION | 9 Months before birth | the action of conceiving a child or of one being conceived | Human life beings with conception. After fertilization has taken place by 25 days the baby‘s body starts developing the head and trunk appear, followed by a tiny arm buds. By 30 days the baby will be about a quarter of an inch long have a brain eyes, liver, kidney, nose and the baby heart will be pumping blood that he created himself.By 5 months the baby now has hair, eye lashes, finger prints the baby’s eyes should now be opened. During this time the baby kicks and has a strong grip. | There is no emotional development during conception. | There is no intellectual development during conception. | There is also no social development during conception. | PREGNANCY | 9 months to birth | This is state of carrying a developing embryo or foetus within the female body | The breasts. Early in Suzie’s pregnancy they will feel tender and may be largerAnd obviously her belly is going to get bigger as the child grows.They baby will also grow. After 8 weeks...
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...1.2. Describe, with an example, how different aspects of development can effect one another. In general, if a child is behind in his communication and language development this would affect his/her social development and may cause the child to experience difficulty in interacting with other children. It could also lead to frustration and aggression. When a child has language and communication delays, he/she may not be able to express their needs which will feed into their social skills ability with all development areas linking to one another. e.g. Children with Autism have difficulty in relating to other people. They can’t express their own or understand others’ feelings, thoughts and needs. This leads to communication and social skills. They also find it difficult to...
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...68 American children are on the autism spectrum Autism is associated with intellectual disability, issues with motor coordination and attention Other characteristics often associated with autism are: resistance to environmental change and / or change in daily routine unusual responses to sensory experiences In some cases, those with autism excel in math, art, and music Deaf-Blindness Deaf and blindness are impairments in hearing or an impairment of sight. It can also be a combination of the two. This impairment often restricts access to communication, the environment, and people. Both can be caused by birth defects, disease, and injury Both can create difficulties in communication With either impairment, students have the ability to excel in many subjects Developmental Delay Developmental delay is a condition of a child being less developed mentally and / or physically than is considered normal for its age. Often called “developmental milestones” Can be caused by genetics, complications of pregnancy and birth, and environmental issues Often observed with children who are born premature There are five developmental areas evaluated: Cognitive development, Physical development, Communication development, Social or emotional development, Adaptive behavior or skills development Emotional Disturbance Is a condition that exhibits one or more of the following characteristics over an extended period of time and adversely affects a child’s ability to learn: ...
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...ARALING PANLIPUNAN ANXIETY AND COMPETENCY LEVELS OF FOURTH YEAR STUDENTS IN ABULUG ________________________ A Proposed Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY Aparri, Cagayan _______________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in Educational Management _______________________ by MICHEL T. URBI March, 2015 Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction Social Studies play a very important role in the modernization of mankind. It is therefore that students should acquire sufficient knowledge on it. Over the past years, social studies as a subject, educators have noted that students in many schools in the Philippines are still considered low in their achievements. Empirical studies like the Ramos, R. Survey (1980) show that there has been deterioration in the students’ achievement because of the focus in dealing with the subject social studies. The Ramos, R Survey by a group of Filipinos researchers found that pupils in elementary Sibika at Kultura in 1979 are more behind, and the high school students of Araling Panlipunan are years behind their counterparts in history of mankind, early civilization, government, taxation and economics in dealing with reasoning as a logic and explaining through what is happened to connect to the present times. Interested in the subject is being encouraged by teachers, but despite the resultant increase in interest...
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...economic problems (poverty) more so than any other class; this is linked to material deprivation which these pupils are exposed to throughout their time. Being in poverty could entail the students not having enough money to buy all the essential equipment that they will need for educational attainment, supported by sociologist - Bull. This is closely linked to educational under achievement for example in 2006 33% of children on pupil premium (free school meals) achieved 5 A* to C grades in comparison to 61% not on pupil premium. However, statistics cannot prove that material deprivation is the cause of under achievement as the government doesn’t always collect statistics that is supporting the claim 100%, therefore the claim cannot generalise. To support this claim sociologist Flaherty also states that having money problems in the family were a significant factor in younger children’s low attendance at school, which links to under achievements at school. The idea that children from working class backgrounds is also supported by sociologist Howard. Her claim is that children from poorer homes tend to have lower intakes of energy, vitamins and minerals. This will ten result in absences from school which is proven to have a big impact on education achievement. In addition to this Wilkinson has studied a series of ten year olds, the lower the social background the higher the rate of hyperactivity,...
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...Unit 4 Development through the Life Stages P1- describe physical, intellectual, emotional and social development for each of the life stages of an individual Infancy Physically: at around nine months after A baby being conceived the child would be born. The child a new born baby wouldn’t have been able to digest food other then breast mill or a substitute. The child wouldn’t have been able to hear everything as a baby’s brain isn’t fully developed at this life stage. The child would have been able to tell the difference between the way things taste and the way their mother smelt. A baby is born with various temporary and primitives reflexes some of these are: A new-born baby will turn their heads towards any touch on the cheek. This is called the rooting reflex and helps the baby to get the nipple or bottle into their mouth to feed. If you place a finger in a baby palm, they will grasp your finger tightly. This reflex is called the grasp reflex. If a baby is startled, this could be by a loud noise, they will throw their hands and arms outwards, arching the back and straightening their back this is called the startle reflex. If a new-born baby is held upright with their feet touching the ground, they will make movements as if their attempting to walk. This is called the walking reflex. A child would have the physical ability to recognise and interact with people. The child would have preferred to listen to other peoples voices; this would have been...
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...Parenting in Today’s China: Concerns, Anxiety, and Commitment* Dr. Gan Wang, Associate Senior Research, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing Since the late 1990s, there has been a proliferation of parenting discussion forums (BBS) on the Internet in China. On the BBS, many young parents with higher education keep records of their children’s development, socialize with other parents, first in the virtual space, then in real space., communicate knowledge of childrearing and ECE, and discuss and debate over many issues in early childhood. In an earlier paper of mine, I claim that the Internet provides a new kind of social space in which the young mothers assert their new identity. Today, I’ll concentrate on one special debate issue. Examining the debate, I propose that to better understand challenges and concerns facing Chinese parents, a cultural historical approach should be adopted. Viewing parenting BBS, you often see great concerns and anxieties over the issue whether young children should “learn things”. To study or not to study, that is the question. There are some stories on the internet by ambitious parents who teach their children to recite dozens of Chinese classic poems at the age of 2, to recognize over a thousand Chinese characters and start to read at the age of 3, and play piano at the age of 4. Some of these parents keep record of their children’s progress in these studies and post on the Internet. Other parents might ask them in details and learn...
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...accomplishments, vicariously watching others, verbal persuasion, and states of psychological arousal from which others judge that person’s coping abilities (Bandura, 1977). Self-efficacy can be separated into two schools of thought, motivational and cognitive theories. The first attempts to explain the drive behind a person’s belief that they will do well. The latter explains the expectancies of people and their own perception of how much they control a situation. Self-efficacy has been directly linked to performance and motivation, which is why its application in the workplace is critical. Motivational Theories Effectance motivation explains the intrinsic value people have to change their environment (Gecas, 1989). The theory of effectance motivation states that people do things in order to gain some sort of gratification (Gecas, 1989). One study that looked at why people attempt to gain control over their environment found that increasing predictability of non-human subjects as well as incentives for control over their environment drove people to portray attributes of effectance motivation theory (Waytz, 2010). The fact that people need to feel in control of their environment to feel comfortable provides a lot of insight to the motivational forces behind human behavior. Unpredictability can cause a lot of stress and anxiety to employees in the work place, such as discrepancies over job duties and performance expectations. Just like in the case of industrial psychologist...
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...Question 1 WHAT IS INCLUSIVE EDUCATION? - We accept ordinary learners as well as disabled learners, learners with behavioural problems and learners with learning difficulties. - All children, regardless of their differences should have the opportunity to learn with and from each other and that all need some form of support in learning - We attempt to change attitudes, behaviour, teaching methods curricula and environments to meet the needs of all children - Inclusive education is broader as it includes the home, the community and other opportunities for education outside of schools - It is a dynamic process which is constantly evolving according to local cultures and contexts and is part of the wider strategy to promote an inclusive society WHAT TYPES OF ADAPTIONS ARE NECESSARY TO REMOVE BARRIERS TO LEARNING AND TO MAKE IT POSSIBLE FOR ALL LEARNERS TO PARTICIPATE? - The classroom and school environment – making changes in the classroom and in the school building and environment that could make it easier for the learners to come to school and to learn and also by using assistive aids that may be needed - The learner – find out how the barriers to learning of the learners in your class affect their learning – find out from specialists and experts what you can do - School subjects – make changes to subjects you teach in terms of level and expected outcomes including the level at which you teach the subject to the learners as well as the range of subjects - Teaching...
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...Funding of Applied Behavior Analysis 11 Executive function in individuals with sub threshold Autism traits 12 Conclusion 14 References 15 Abstract The increasing number of individuals with Learning Disabilities (LD) and psychiatric disorders presents a key challenge to their assessment and treatment in mental health services. Children and young people with LD are more likely to experience mental health than the general population (Allington-Smith, 2006). There is a close relationship between autism spectrum disorder and learning disability. Epidemiological studies suggest that autism is more frequent in people with LD, nearly 40% of people with LD also have autism on the other hand, and nearly 70% of people with autism also have LD (La Mafa, 2004). The strong association between autism and LD (Bradley, 2004) also associates an increased risk of mental health problems. It is suggested that adults with LD and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may experience symptoms of anxiety at a greater level than the general population; however, this requires more conclusive evidence in relation to the prevalence of anxiety disorders in adults with LD and autism. Autism Autism is a complex developmental disability that typically appears during the first three years of life. This is the result of a neurological disorder that affects the functioning...
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...Due to the fact that these symptoms overlap with many common human behaviours that are considered completely normal, Apserger’s Syndrome often goes undiagnosed until individuals begin to show difficulties, especially in school and the workplace. In children and adolescents, language skills tend to be the most evident symptoms of the disorder, as they tend to be relatively advanced compared to their peers and thus have difficulty communicating with them. In adults, because they have yet to be diagnosed and have therefore become accustomed to the disorder, the most evident symptom that can often lead to their diagnosis is depression and/or anxiety issues. For both younger and older individuals, however, the most common symptom of Asperger’s disorder stems from their inability to notice and understand social queues, especially when they are non-verbal. Additional symptoms that are common, yet not always seen, are the way in which they speak in terms of intonation and volume, difficulty controlling emotions, especially at inappropriate times, and a lack of refinement in motor skills that can lead to an overall...
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