...A tell a story about vgvgvhb nFor the Canadian equivalent of this channel, see History (Canadian TV channel). For the European equivalent of this channel, see History (European TV channel). History, formerly known as The History Channel, is a US-based international satellite and cable TV channel, owned by A&E Television Networks. It originally broadcast documentary programs with fictional and non-fictional historical content, together with speculation about the future. Now it broadcasts a variety of scripted reality television and other non-history related content. Programming covers a wide range of periods and topics, while similar topics are often organized into themed weeks or daily marathons. It is seen in more than eighty million households. Subjects include mythical creatures, monsters, UFOs, aliens, truck drivers, alligator hunters, pawn stores, antiques and collectible "pickers", religions, disaster scenarios, and apocalyptic "after man" scenarios; a number of these documentaries were narrated by Edward Herrmann when the channel ran them. Some of the aired programs compare contemporary culture and technology with the past, while other programs focus on subjects such as conspiracy theories, religious interpretation, UFO speculation, and reality television. In particular, History has aired a number of films on Nostradamus,[3] as well as a special series on doomsday that promulgates various popular 2012 theories, including films such as Decoding the Past (2005–2007)...
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...In the book On The Rez written by Ian Frazier the author tells the story of a few members of the Oglala Sioux and their life on the reservation. The author’s imagery through words paints a vivid portrayal of everyday Indian life on the reservations. It is far from what most people perceive. In chapter 6 many of this books recurring themes reappear, such as the heavy influence of alcohol and alcoholism and the stress the put on different people throughout the book. At the same time showing the almost overwhelming comradery that the main character Le and the author share as well as with many of the other characters. The chapter starts of with Frazier driving to Le’s from his motel In Chadron, Nebraska since the town nearest the reservation (Pine Ridge) neglected to have any motels. When Frazier first arrives at Le’s, he is greeted with a note from Le saying he was across the river visiting his brother Floyd John’s. Later that day when he returns he finds Le at home with a 24 OZ can of Olde English and immediately starts the first dialogue of the chapter. Le tells Frazier; Listen-- I want to tell you something-- you know I’m a do soldier, right? You know what that means? It means i fight for my people, that I'm a warrior. You understand? I’m A dog soldier, today is a good day to die! Im standing on my own two feet on the bosom of our mother earth. I go where I want, I do what I want. I take no orders from anybody. The spirits tell me what to do. I’m just a man……...
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...ARTS AND SCIENCES Virac, Catanduanes INTERNATIONAL BANKING: HISTORICAL SYNTHESIS OF THE BASIC PROBLEMS AND DEVELOPMENTS OF THE MONETARY AND CREDIT SYSTEMS DURING THE 19th AND 20th CENTURIES A requirement in English 2 ( Writing in Discipline ) Second Semester SY : 2012 – 2013 TF 7:00 – 8:30 am PRINCE JOHN A. ARCILLA AB – Economics 1 DR. YOLANDA T. TARIMAN PROFESSOR - ENGLISH II FEBRUARY 8, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTENTS PAGE PRELIMINARY PAGE Title Page Table of Contents Outline CHAPTERS 1 Introduction Overview of the Topic 2 Discussion 3 Conclusion BIBLIOGPAPHY CURRICULUM VITAE ii INTERNATIONAL BANKING: HISTORICAL SYNTHESIS OF THE BASIC PROBLEMS AND DEVELOPMENTS OF THE MONETARY AND CREDIT SYSTEMS DURING THE 19th AND 20th CENTURIES Thesis Statement: Our historical synthesis focuses on the economic and political aspects of banking, with questions of industrial management and the credit economy taking second place. OUTLINE I CURRENCY AND MONETARY HISTORY IN THE 19th CENTURY 1 From Silver and Bimetal Currency to Gold Standard 2 The Development of the Bank Note into a Legal Tender A Bank Notes and Issuing Banks in England until Mid-19th Century B Peel’s Bank Charter Act C The Banque de France in the 19th Century D Overcoming the Federal System of German Issuing Banks E The United States’ Arduous Journey Towards the Federal System II BANKS AND BANKING FROM THE EARLY PHASE OF INDUSTRIALIZATION...
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...Islamic Banking and Finance: History Development Slide #1 Some Issues History Of IBF Development of IBF -Overview- 2. Islamic Banking and Finance: History and Development History and Development of IBF in Bahrain Full Fledged IB vs. IB windows • Word ‘bank’ comes from the word ‘banco’ - A table or a bench on which Italian money-changers used to display their monies and records and conduct their transactions History of Islamic Banking and Finance • Arabic financial and economic system preIslam – Trading based arrangements were common • Bay’ al-musawamah (bargaining) • Bay’ al-muzayadah (auctioning) • Bay’ al-amanah (trust sale) – Al-murabahah (resale with profit) – Al-tawliyyah (resale at cost) – Al-wadiah (resale at loss or below cost) History of IBAF- (2) – Barter trade was common – Al-sarf (money exchange) • Lack of standardization – for e.g., 10 grams of gold in coin form = 15 grams of gold in bracelet form – Institutionalization of riba – Widespread gharar and maysir – Monopoly, fraud and economic injustice was common History of IBAF- (3) • With the advent of Islam, – Eradication of riba institutions and practices – Eradication of gharar transactions – Institutionalization of fair and equitable markets • No monopoly, fraud • Standardization of money and commodity exchanges – Hadith on the six commodities – Islamization of many business organizations and institutions • Mudarabah, musyarakah, salam, muzara’ah (sharecropping or partnership...
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...Epstein* May 2006 Abstract In the last two decades, there has been a global sea change in the theory and practice of central banking. The currently dominant ‘best practice’ approach to central banking consists of the following: (1) central bank independence (2) a focus on inflation fighting (including adopting formal ‘inflation targeting’) and (3) the use of indirect methods of monetary policy (that is, short-term interest rates as opposed to direct methods such as credit ceilings). This paper argues that this neo-liberal approach to central banking is highly idiosyncratic in that, as a package, it is dramatically different from the historically dominant theory and practice of central banking, not only in the developing world, but, notably, in the now developed countries themselves. Throughout the early and recent history of central banking in the US, England, Europe, and elsewhere, financing governments, managing exchange rates, and supporting economic sectors by using ‘direct methods’ of intervention have been among the most important tasks of central banking and, indeed, in many cases, were among the reasons for their existence. The neo-liberal central bank policy package, then, is drastically out of step with the history and dominant practice of central banking throughout most of its history. Keywords: financing, institutions, central banks, history, development JEL classification: E5, N2, O2 Copyright © UNU-WIDER 2006 * Professor of Economics and Co-Director, Political Economy...
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...1. Introduction History of Islamic Business Transaction Without a doubt, the history of Islamic Banking is quite interesting. Since the medieval era (1,000 – 1,500 AD), businesspeople in the Middle East engaged in financial transactions. At this time though, these transactions used the same financial principles as the Europeans. Early History of Islamic Banking Since the Arabs of the Ottoman Empire traded extensively with people in Spain, they also developed certain no-interest financial systems that worked on a profit and loss sharing method. These systems, in turn, financed trade and other business affairs. When the Middle Eastern and Asia began to be more important trading partners for various European companies, the Europeans opened banks in these countries – with many of these banks based on the interest-bearing financial system. As the trading relationship with the Europeans continued to play an important role, these types of financial institutions began to be more prominent outside of Europe. However, even when local trading business owners used these commercial banks, they often only transferred money between accounts. Both borrowing and depositing money was limited as the local population wanted to refrain from partaking in interest-bearing transactions. Further, certain co-operative institutions based on the original profit and loss sharing model still existed, but only in certain locations. As economic demands increased, avoiding banks was not an option...
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...economic and financial crises during the recent 200 years. Society was suffering from such downturns, because each of them had its own characteristics and consequences which affected the whole economic world. In the next passages I would like to tell you about the history of financial crises and about the solutions made by governments and departments which helped to reduce the bad effects of it. Not a single year has gone by in the past two centuries where there was not a financial crisis somewhere in the world (see figure 1). Arguably, the world witnessed its first international financial crisis in 1825. The opening up of Latin America after the overthrow of the Spanish empire led to the opening up of international trade between England and the Latin American republics. The result was massive capital flows from London to finance infrastructure, mining and government spending. But once the capital outflows impinged on the Bank of England’s (BoE) gold reserves, the policy rate was raised, leading to a banking crisis. A sudden stop of capital flow from London resulted in banking panics in the US and currency crashes across Latin America. Figure 1: The history of financial crises Indeed, the crisis in 1825 marked the first of seven clusters of sovereign defaults in the period 1800 to 2010 In the first cluster of defaults, which happened during 1824-1834, 13 Latin American countries defaulted. The following...
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...Journal of Islamic Banking and Finance Vol. 2, No. 1; March 2014 23 Islamic Banking Scenario of Bangladesh Salahuddin Yousuf1 Md. Ariful Islam2 Md. Rayhan Islam1 Abstract With an aim to explore the current Islamic banking scenario of Bangladesh, this study examines the key concepts of Islamic banking and its history in the world and in Bangladesh as well. This secondary data based research meets its objectives of reviewing relevant concepts, history and current performance of the Islamic banks of Bangladesh through both qualitative and quantitative approaches. From the establishment of first Islamic bank in 1983, this country has currently eight Islamic banks. Except one individual bank (ICBIBL), most of the Islamic banks show remarkable growth in their profitability in the last decade. One reason behind this consistent negative figure in profitability of this bank is the frequent change of ownership. But overall significant contribution of the Islamic banks in the banking industry is visible from the research. This paper provides up-to-date scenario of the Islamic banking in Bangladesh. Keywords: Islamic Banking, Riba, Performance, Banking Industry JEL-classification: E44 G10 G21 1. Introduction Islamic banking and finance is a creation of modern age. Capitalism argues, capital- one of the key factors of production, deserves fixed return whereas the entrepreneurs have to bear all the risks. The conflict of opinions with the Islamic values starts from this very...
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...Islamic Banking Malek Alraddadi 02-24-2014 FIN-610 Introduction This study debates upon the history of Islamic banking. What are the ethical issues involved in the implementation of Islamic banking. Since the birth of Islam what type of steps are taken and by whom these measurements were taken. Besides this this paper also declares the response and customers point of view regarding Islamic banking with the help of different studies. History of Islamic banking The term Islamic banking got regular in the 1960's, however the systems and thoughts of the framework were suggested and operated since the beginning of Islam. Numerous studies and explores have indicated that Islamic money components were utilized within the Muslim world all around the Middle Ages; in leading exchange and business exercises. Charging investment on credits was not regular in those days. The first run through investment bearing credits were generally utilized within the Muslim world, particularly in the Middle East, was throughout the Ottoman Empire's governed in the fifteenth century. Mehmet Ebusuud Efendi, the senior Islamic minister of the Ottoman Empire, issued a fatwa (decision) permitting the charging of investment and thinking of it halal (allowable) as long as it was underneath 10%. Despite the fact that it was clear in The Holy Quran that investment was strictly disallowed, practically nobody could challenge the senior Islamic priest's decision since testing him might mean testing the...
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...FIS 200 Checkpoint: History of Banking FIS 200 Movie Summary FIS 200 Paper Money Power point FIS 200 Assignment: Price and Value Agreement FIS 200 Assignment: Social Money FIS 200 Check Point: The Euro FIS 200 Working Money FIS 200 Week 1 DQs FIS 200 Week 3 DQs FIS 200 Week 5 DQs FIS 200 Week 7 DQs FIS 200 Capstone -------------------------------------------------------------------------- FIS 200 Assignment Price and Value Agreement For more classes visit www.snaptutorial.com More than likely, the consumer will have the choice of what product they buy, and for how much. Along with that choice, comes compromise. We are all aware if top of the line appliances, cars, clothe just as much as generic cereals, generic clothing brands. Throughout the assignment consider what gives the commodity its value. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FIS 200 Assignment Social Money For more classes visit www.snaptutorial.com Due Date: Day 7 [Individual forum] Almost every relationship involves money in some way. Many relationships are created because of money, from marriages to business ventures to international relations. Think of your own relationships, from personal to social or business relationships, and evaluate the role money plays in those relationships. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- FIS 200 Checkpoint History of Banking For more classes...
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...Scotiabank Executive Summary The Scotiabank is one of the world’s most popular banks in North America and is located in Canada, Halifax. Founded in 1832, Scotiabank came to be the second largest bank in Canada. A year after its development, Scotiabank paid out its first dividend to shareholders. Having marked the method in history, it was carried out through the golden era to the modern era and is yet continued to this day. Scotiabank provides innovative financial products and services to individual customers, small/medium sized business, corporations and governments across the world. Scotiabank operates in North America, Europe, Middle East, Asia and South America and has relationships with selected countries. Scotiabank is ranked as the leading financial provider of financial services. The bank consumes over $250 billion worth of assets, has 720 branches and organizes 50,000 employees in 50 countries worldwide. Scotiabank conducts through domestic banking, wealth management, Scotia Capital, and international banking. All of which are connected to their customers in different ways, from serving through networks, accounts to using an automated banking machine. Scotiabank is most popular for its massive selection of 60 mutual funds and managed portfolios to help investors accomplish their goals. More importantly Scotiabank mutual funds are sold by a commercial bank that competes with other banks in Canada such as TD Bank, Bank of Montreal and the Royal Bank of Canada. All...
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...on one of the listed books. First what jumped to my eyes the heading of the book. I thought this book ‘This Time is Different’ will be interesting to read. I thought it will be about different times and different countries financial history (about bank crisis, currency crashes and so on) and how these countries survived in different times. Furthermore, before I bought this book, I read the brief of the book it sounded interesting, than I wanted to read and to know more about it. Author’s credentials Carmen M. Reinhart is the Dennis Weatherstone Senior Fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. Previously she was professor of economics at the University of Maryland. She has held a positions in IMF. Kenneth S. Rogoff is the Thomas D. Cabot Professor of Public Policy and professor of economics at Harvard University. He received his PhD in Economics from MIT. He is a commentator for NPR, the Wall Street Journal. And the Financial Times. Carmen M. Reinhart and Kenneth S. Rogoff made a big contribution to financial history, collected data which covered sixty-six countries and different time periods and wrote about financial crisis, inflation,international debt currency crashes and debasements. They are first researches in the history about the financial crisis over many years. The author’s were trying to explain in the book, that ‘This Time is Different’ syndrome is wrong that financial crisis is happening to other countries not to us, because we are doing better...
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...Macroeconomic Research paper “Banking system and its role in national economy of the USA” Prepared by Yusifova Sevindzh Supervisor: Orusova O. V. Department of Macroeconomics Moscow-2014 Contents Introduction 1. Federal Reserve System as the central banking system in the USA 1.1. The essence of Federal Reserve System and its main functions 1.2. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and Member Banks 1.3. The role of Federal Reserve System in national economy of the USA 1. Special features of the Federal Reserve System 2.1. The implementation of Monetary Policy 2.2. Integration with International Sphere 2.3. Rise and fall in the Fed’s balance sheet Conclusion References Introduction The Federal Reserve is the central bank of the United States. It was created by Congress to provide the nation with a safer, more flexible and more stable monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve was created on December 23, 1913, with the signing of the Federal Reserve Act by President Woodrow Wilson. Today, the Federal Reserve’s duties fall into four general areas:conducting the nation’s monetary policy by influencing money and credit conditions in the economy in pursuit of full employment and stable prices, regulating banking institutions to ensure the...
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...International Threats The impact of the global financial crisis on the world economy A Review of the Literature Foundation Year, BSc (Hons) in Banking and Finance Valikhujaev Voriskhon CA2394385 Group #112 Gerson Lapid, Mirzahidov Mirsodiq November 28, 2009 Abstract Two years have passed since the most severe global financial crisis launched in the USA. During this short period of time a lot has been made by the governments of the countries that suffered from the crisis. Yet, it is still expected that they need to implement more in order to eradicate the negative impacts from the crisis. Only the time will show which country or countries really succeeded in overcoming the crisis and which still need to learn. This paper focuses on how the crisis started, discusses its the main causes, analyses what made it spread to other countries and how much it cost to countries involved in international trading. The impact of the global financial crisis on the world economy A Review of the Litearture The beginning of the 21st century was marked by the start of one of the severest financial crisis that affected dramatically almost all countries of the world. Launched in the USA, in 2008 due to the failure of Lehman Brothers investment bank, it spread out quickly to other countries destroying...
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...23rd November 2015 Mr. Sheridan 8 Canada Square London UK Dear Mr. Sheridan, This is the report you request for analyzing and presenting the performance, activity, office policies, strategy, operation and importance of the group. It contains information about HSBC group, its organizational structure and also commercial awareness details. In the first sections I have included a brief history and an overview of HSBC today. In the following chapters I have talked in details about its structure and police offices. The last section brings information about its revenue, net profit and future plans. It has been pleasure and challenge working on this report. Please feel free to contact me in case of clarification or queries on this report. Kind Regards, HSBC I. History HSBC has a rich history, which starts back in 1865. It was established in Hong Kong and, two months later, in Shanghai by Thomas Sutherland and it started from a basic idea: to support trade between Asia and Europe. By 1900 it was extended in Europe and North America, Japan, Thailand, India, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Vietnam. During Second World War, the group had to close branches and to move for a while its head office from Hong Kong to London. After the war, it played a key role in reconstructing the Hong Kong economy. In 1992 it acquired Midland Bank and became the biggest financial services organization in the world. HSBC continued to grow all this time and made lots...
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