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Intro to Politics and Law

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Elective Study 3: Introduction to Politics and Law

Major Assignment

Essay: Worth 25%

Due: Thursday November 3 at 5pm

Choose ONE question

1. Compare and contrast the ideology of the Australian Labor Party with the ideology of the Australian Liberal Party.

OR

2. “The Liberal Party is a conservative party and the Labor Party is a progressive Party.” Discuss critically

OR

3. “The philosophies and policies of the Liberal and Labor parties have had to change for them to survive.” Discuss critically

Length
500-700 words

The objective of this assessment
This assessment requires you to write an essay on Australian political parties based primarily on Willmot and Dowse’s chapter on pages 181 to 206 of the Course Reader. You can also read Dean Jaensch’s chapter (attached) and other sources, such as those referred to in lectures. You may wish to find books in the Reid Library (3rd floor) on your question. See me by October 24 to discuss how your research and writing is progressing.

With this essay you should write critically and analytically, rather than descriptively. If you are claiming, for example, that the Liberal party is a conservative party, you will need to support your argument with evidence and your points must be properly referenced. Your essay will need to have an introduction, a body and a conclusion.

The grade you receive will depend on how much effort you have put into researching and writing your essay. Essays written the night before they are due usually look rushed and are riddled with clumsy sentences and factual errors. Essay markers can spot them straight away. Please ensure you give yourself enough time to work on the essay. If you require an extension of time, you need to apply for an extension and provide a good reason (such as a medical certificate).
Required Reading
J Willmott and J Dowse Process and Participation: Politics and Law in Australia, 2nd edition, Politics and Law Publishing, Perth, WA, pp. 182-199 (Course Reader pp. 181-206).

In their chapter “Political parties, policy and legislation”, Willmott and Dowse explain why two major political parties emerged as the dominant Left/Right forces in Australian politics. Dowse and Willmot assess each party’s evolving ideology, the sections of the community they traditionally represent in parliament, at state and federal levels, and the extent to which their ideologies have changed over time. This chapter is a good introduction to the nature of Australian politics and you should find it relatively easy to understand.

Further Reading
Jaensch D, Parliament, Parties and People – Australian Politics Today, 2nd edition, Longman, elbourne, 1995, pp 118-127, 142-149 (attached).

Lectopia Lectures

The Australian Labor Party: 15th September
The Australian Liberal Party: 22nd September

The lectures on the Labor and Liberal parties covered the history of each political party, with a particular focus on the role of their leaders in the House of Representatives – Curtin, Chifley, Whitlam, Hawke, Keating, Rudd and Gillard from the Labor Party and Menzies, Holt, Gorton, Fraser, Howard and Abbott from the Liberal Party. I referred to several political biographies and scholarly works which explained how Prime Ministers such as Menzies, Hawke, Keating and Howard modernised their political parties.

Menzies, the founder of the Liberal Party, envisaged a political party that would appeal to the aspirational middle-classes. He succeeded and the Liberal Party that he led was the most electorally successful in Australian history. Hawke, in his endeavour to make the Labor Party the ‘natural party of government’, was pragmatic, less radical and more electorally successful than previous Labor Prime Ministers. I also explained how Labor governments from Whitlam (1972-75) to Hawke and Keating (1983-1996) were centre-Left governments implementing socially progressive policies and legislation, such as the Racial Discrimination Act (1975), Medicare (1984) and the Native Title Act (1993).

By contrast, the Howard Liberal/National Government (1996-2007) was socially conservative. Howard espoused traditional views about Australian society and as Prime Minister he implemented polices based on the ideology of the New Right: a GST, privatisation, ‘work for the dole’ and the need to maintain budget surpluses (see, esp. Willmott and Dowse, 2002: 202). .

Additional web resources

Australian Politics.com at: http://australianpolitics.com/
The Liberal Party Website: http://www.liberal.org.au/
The Labor Party Website: http://www.alp.org.au/

These sources will help you understand the history of Australian political parties. Australian politics.com contains excellent material on Australian political parties, democratic institutions and constitutionalism. You can also listen to audio recordings of election campaigns, political adverts and speeches from party leaders. See, for example, the 1983 election: http://australianpolitics.com/audio/1980-1989/1983-archive

The Liberal and Labor Party web sites provide current information on each party’s policies. They also contain historical film footage of their ‘great moments’ in Australian history. Needless to say these sites are biased in favour of their respective party. They contain much rhetoric and point scoring. You can listen to the leaders, read their speeches and follow ‘Tony’s Tweets’ or ‘Connect with Julia’. This will give you an insight about how political parties attempt to win over public support; how they are organised and funded.

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How to work on the essay – some tips
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The following paragraphs are a guide to help you research and write your essay. Please also follow the Essay Writing Guide provided to you in the Foundations of University Study unit.
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The Research
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STEP ONE: Define the scope of the question. Understand what the question is about. See your lecturer if you are unsure.
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STEP TWO: Read, underline and summarise relevant passages in your Course Reader (pp. 181-206). Find relevant books and articles in the Reid Library if you wish to undertake further research.
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STEP THREE: Summarise your material. This will take several days (for a 500-700 word essay).
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STEP FOUR: Re-read over your study notes. Highlight important points.
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The Writing
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STEP ONE: Make a list of the themes of your essay
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STEP TWO: Write an introduction explaining what you will be arguing in your essay. This is where you make your central argument, where you develop a thesis. In the introduction you need to explain the how your essay is organised. This is where you ‘take the reader by the hand’ explaining how your essay will develop.
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STEP THREE: Write the first half of your essay (this may take 1-2 days)
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STEP FOUR: Write the second half of your essay (1-2 days)
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STEP FIVE: Write your conclusion

The Revision

To check for grammatical, punctuation or spelling mistakes you must read your essay thoroughly. Even reading it out loud will alert you to the mistakes that you have made by accident. Do not rely solely on spell cheque … (sorry spell check!).

Revise at least 4 more times

References – for quotes, paraphrasing and ideas/facts not commonly known.

As a general rule of thumb you should have at least four in-text references on each page (250 words per page). This means for a 700-word essay you should have at least 6-8 references mentioned in the text of your essay.

Make sure you comply with the Harvard Referencing System. See Gabrielle, Mel or your Foundations of University Study lecturer if you’re in doubt about the accuracy of your referencing.

Plagiarism

What is plagiarism? It is another word for copying or cheating and it is forbidden at university! Plagiarism can be:

* Copying word for word the work of another * Failing to acknowledge the work of others used in an essay * When one paraphrases the work of another without acknowledging it. For example if the textbook says:

“The attempt to distinguish between the various organs of government and their functions goes back as far as Aristotle, but the modern division of governmental function into the legislature, executive and judiciary, goes back to the writings of Locke and Montesquieu.”

And you then write:

The breakdown of governmental function – into the legislature, executive and judiciary – has its origins in the work of Aristotle, although it has, more recently, been defined by Locke and Montesquieu.

This is plagiarism. Since these ideas are not your own you must reference the source.

The following is acceptable:

According to Hotop (1984: 99) the breakdown of government function into the legislature, executive and judiciary has its origins in the work of Aristotle although Locke and Montesquieu have more recently, defined it.

Why?

* You’ve acknowledged the source of the paraphrased idea. You’re not attempting to pass it off as your own. * Better still – read Aristotle, Locke and Montesquieu to see if Hotop is correct.

Penalty for plagiarising

* The essay will be returned unmarked and will have to be re-submitted.

Marking Key

Use the marking key (see over) to assess the merits of your own work.

Rough Drafts

Students have the opportunity to get feedback on rough drafts before the essay is due. Format

* 1.5 or 2 spacing * Indent lengthy quotes (three or more sentences) * Times Roman * 2cm on left margin and 4 cm on right margin

School of Indigenous Studies and Albany Smart Start
The University of Western Australia
Elective Study 3: Introduction to Politics and Law
Essay Marking Key Student’s Name Essay grade (HD, D, CR, P, N) Itemised rating scale (ticked where applicable) 1 2 3 4 1 excellent 2 very good 3 could improve 4 needs work

STRUCTURE

Essay relevant to topic Essay has little relevance Topic covered in depth Superficial treatment of the topic

Topic has an introduction Introduction inappropriate or insufficient

Essay rounded off in conclusion Essay ends in the air/lack of conclusion

APPROACH and ARGUMENT

Logically developed argument Essay rambles and lacks continuity

Argument is supported Argument insufficiently supported

USE of REFERENCING

Correct citation of references Incorrect referencing

Adequate acknowledgement of sources Inadequate acknowledgement of sources

Bibliography set out correctly Bibliography incorrect

STYLE and PRESENTATION

Fluent piece of writing Clumsy expression

Effective paragraphs Over or under length paragraphs

Well set out and typed Untidy/poor typing

Appropriate length Over or under length

Good sentence construction Poor sentence construction

Grammar OK Ungrammatical sentences

Correct spelling throughout Incorrect spelling

Cover sheet attached and completed No cover shee

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